APA format, please least references and cite within the text.Total word count at least 1900 words Thank you. Article (select the link): Barlow & Barlow, 2002Topic Summary Read the article: "Racial Pr
http://pqx.sagepub.com Police Quarterly DOI: 10.1177/109861102129198183 2002; 5; 334 Police Quarterly David E. Barlow and Melissa Hickman Barlow Racial Profiling: A Survey of African American Police Officers http://pqx.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/5/3/334 The online version of this article can be found at: Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Police Executive Research Forum Police Section of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences can be found at:
Police Quarterly Additional services and information for http://pqx.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Email Alerts: http://pqx.sagepub.com/subscriptions Subscriptions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Permissions: © 2002 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use\ or unauthorized distribution. at SAGE Publications on March 22, 2007 http://pqx.sagepub.com Downloaded from POLICE QUARTERLY (Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2002) Barlow, Barlow / RACIAL PROFILING: A SURVEY R ACIAL P ROFILING :AS URVEY OF A FRICAN A MERICAN P OLICE O FFICERS DAV\bD E. B A\fLOW MEL\bSSA H\bCKMAN BA\fLOW \bniversity of Wisconsin–Milwaukee This article is an effort to provide data on racial profiling that are not as eas - ily dismissed as anecdotal accounts of individual motorists. The authors con - ducted a survey of African American police officers in the Milwaukee Police Department in Wisconsin regarding their personal experiences of having been racially profiled, defining racial profilingas any situation in which race is used by a police officer or agency to determine the potential criminality of an individual. This study was not an investigation of the Milwaukee Police Department or of racial profiling within the department but rather of the extent to which Black police officers perceive they have been subjected to racial profiling by any police officer or agency. Police officers understand the intricacies, strategies, and techniques of lawenforcement. Therefore, the observations of Black police officers on the reasonableness of situations in which they have been stopped by police have exceptional validity. After being arrested for a crime he witnessed someone else commit, a
POLICE Q\bARTERL\f Vol. 5 No. 3, September 2002 334–358 © 2002 Sage P
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Barlow, Barlow / RACIAL PROFILING: A SURVEY 335 © 2002 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use\ or unauthorized distribution. at SAGE Publications on March 22, 2007 http://pqx.sagepub.com Downloaded from Ne
\bnited States , 1996;Wyoming v. Houghton , 1999). With theWhrendeci- sion, the S
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Maryland State Police , 1992).
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Barlow, Barlow / RACIAL PROFILING: A SURVEY 345 TABLE 1. Police Officers Who Have Experienced \facial Profiling \fes (%) No (%) n Stopped 69 31 166 Q
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Barlow, Barlow / RACIAL PROFILING: A SURVEY 351 © 2002 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use\ or unauthorized distribution. at SAGE Publications on March 22, 2007 http://pqx.sagepub.com Downloaded from Definition:For the p
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_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Barlow, Barlow / RACIAL PROFILING: A SURVEY 353 © 2002 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use\ or unauthorized distribution. at SAGE Publications on March 22, 2007 http://pqx.sagepub.com Downloaded from APPENDIX B Freq
Less Than More Than 1 \fear 1-5 \fears 6-10 \fears 11-20 \fears 20 \fears n 1% 25% 32% 26% 15% 167 4. Wo
Dark- Light- Skinned Skinned Other n 41% 31% 28% 165 Racial Profiling Information 5. In
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Melissa Hickman Barlowis an associate professor of criminal justice at the \bniversity of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. She received her Ph.D. in criminology and criminal justice from Florida State \bniversity in 1991. Professor Barlow teaches courses on theories of crime, race and criminal justice, and crime and justice in the media. She has published articles related to the race and class politics of crime control policy and is coauthor of Police in a M