I really need a 100 on this assignment. Uploaded study guide with links and test in word doc for a better view of questions.QUESTION 1Identification of a hazardous material can be determined from view

OSH 3301, Fleet Safety 1 Cou rse Learning Outcomes for Unit V Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to: 8. Examine hazardous materials shipping and storage requirements. 8.1 Identify effective training methods utilized in ensuring employees are able to handle multiple types of hazardous materials within a transportation environment. 8.2 Indicate the basic types of placards that are mos t often used in accordance with the hazmat classification system. 8.3 Explain how effective training can lead to mitigation standards utilizing risk management to minimize potential spills and accidents. Course/Unit Learning Outcomes Learning Activity 8.1 Unit Lesson , U.S. Department of Transportation 2016 Emergency Response Guidebook , Assessment 8.2 Unit Lesson; PHMSA - Hazardous Materials Marking, Labeling and Placarding Guide; U.S. Department of Transportation 2016 Emergency Response Guidebook , Assessmen t 8.3 Unit Lesson, Training Requirements for Industry, Hazmat Transportation Training Requirements, A Guide to Developing a Hazardous Materials Training Program , Assessment Reading Assignment In order to access the following resources, click the links below : Click on the link below to access the DOT 2016 Emergency Response Guidebook. Read p p. 4, 6, and 258 -265. U.S. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration . (2016). 2016 emergency response guidebook . Re trieved from http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/staticfiles/PHMSA/DownloadableFiles/Files/Hazmat/ERG2016.pdf U.S. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. (n.d.). DOT chart 14: Hazardous materials markings, labeling and placarding guide . Retrieved from http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/staticfiles/PHMSA/DownloadableFiles/Files/Hazmat/Training/Chart%2014.

pdf Please read pp. 3 –5 in the resource below. U.S. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. (n.d.). Hazmat transpor tation training requirements: An overview of 49 CFR PARTS 172 -173 . Retrieved from https://hazmatonline.phmsa.dot.gov/services/publication_documents/HTTR.pdf UNIT V STUDY GUIDE Shipping and Storage of Hazardous Materials OSH 3301 , Fleet Safety 2 UNIT x STUDY GUIDE Title Please read pp. 9 –20 in the resource below. U.S. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. (n.d.) . What you should know: A guide to developing a hazardous materials training program . Retrieved from https://hazmatonline.phmsa.dot.gov/services/publication_documents/Guide%20to%20Developing%2 0a%20Hazardous%20Materials %20Training%20Program.pdf Unit Lesson Introduction Response actions to hazardous materials (hazmat) emergencies are key to ensuring public safety. Potential hazards can be toxic and cause fires and explosions that could be harmful to the public areas that surround the accident. Due to this, transportation of hazmat is taken very seriously by every company , and the policies and regulations governing the transportation of these types of materials fall under the purview of the federal government. In 1907, the American Railroad Association created the Bureau of Explosives, which was designed to inspect and regulate the labeling and transportation of all types of hazmat and explosives (Compressed Gas Association, n.d.) . This began the creation of labels such as the skull and crossbones , which is commonly known today. From this, hazard classification systems were created to help further identify the specific hazmat that are handled on a daily basis throughout the country. Over the years, and with the creation of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) , federal guidelines were created through the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act , which is the statute that regulat es the transportation of hazmat in the United States (Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Saf ety Administration [PHMSA] , n.d.). Any employee working for a transportation company must be specifically trained in the transportation and managing procedures of any types of hazmat . Training and Handling Employees who handle hazmat should be properly trained in managing all aspects of shipment within a transportation environment. All employees should be trained to be generally aware of the meaning of hazmat and the potential emergencies that can result from a hazmat accident (Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration [FMCSA], n.d. ). Proper training can help mitigate the possibility of hazmat accidents , which can also reduce company costs. The DOT governs transportation of hazmat ; therefore, shipping papers and general markings shoul d also be carried in accordance with federal laws and regulations. Those materials designated by the Secretary of the DOT as posing an unreasonable threat to the public and the environment are labelled as hazmat, which inclu de the following materials : (1) hazardous substances, (2) hazardous wastes, (3) marine pollutants, (4) elevated temperature material , (5) materials identified in 172.101, and (6) materials meeting the definitions contained in Part 173 (FMCSA, n.d. ). Each of these indicate a different typ e of material that is considered as hazardous and is transported with the appropriate markings to designate its contents. In training employees and drivers, companies must carefully review each marking to have a complete understanding in transportation of hazmat . In shipping haz mat , all goods must be noted within the shipping papers so that they are specifically defined and all information is outlined for the reader. All shipping documents must be kept with the operator within the fleet. A driver must keep the documents close by in the cab of the fleet vehicle. Likewise, if rail, air, or waterway is transporting the hazmat , documentation must be kept in possession of the main crew. Additionally, the documents must provide the four -digit identification numbe r of the hazmat , names, hazard class or the division number, description of materials enclosed, and an emergency response telephone number. There are nine classes of hazards that have been defined within the U.S. hazard class system. These classes are uti lized in determining the four -digit identification, hazard, and division of these types of materials. For example, if a company was transporting explosives, and they are considered to have no significant blast patter n, they would be classified as Class 1: Division 1.4. The following is an example of a placard under this division: OSH 3301 , Fleet Safety 3 UNIT x STUDY GUIDE Title All nine hazard classifications are listed below.  Class 1: Explosives: Six subdivisions outlin e various methods of explosions and hazards involved .  Class 2: Gases: Three subdivisions defin e the differences between toxic and non -toxic gases .  Class 3: Flammable Liquids: Descriptions of combustible and flammable liquids considered as hazmat.  Class 4: Flammable Solids: Three subdivisions detail flammable solid materials .  Class 5: Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides: Two subdivisions provid e information regarding these two substances and explain how they are considered as hazmat.  Class 6: Toxic Su bstances and Infectious Substances: Two subdivisions provide further information and details regarding toxic and infectio us hazmat.  Class 7: Radioactive Materials: All goods are considered radioactive , and it includes how to respond in an emergency .  Class 8: Corrosive Substances: All goods are considered corrosive and the types, descriptions , and how to respond in an emergency are included.  Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods/ Hazmat and Articles: This includes a ny material that presents a hazard during transport but is not inc luded in any other hazard class (DOT, PHMSA, 2016). Each of these classes play a very important part in determining the method of transportation, the mode of transportation, and the documentation of hazmat. Each of these classes also play an important role in how emergency responders determine response methods to accidents and/or spills of these materials. Transportation Methods There are four main methods of transporting hazmat in addition to various other methods; however, these four types are most commonly utilized by the transportation industry. They are road, railway, aviation, and marine. In using the roadways to transport hazmat , companies use multiple methods and trailers depending on the type of materials that need to be moved. Different types of trailers are used in the transportation of flammable and corrosive liquids depending on the type s of liquid being transported. For ex ample, the DOT recommends that companies use the following types of trailers in transporting flammable liquids such as gasoline and diesel. Nonflammable Gas 2 and Oxygen 2 Placards (DOT, PHMSA , 2016, p. 8) Road Trailer Identification 131 (DOT, PHMSA , 2016, p. 12) OSH 3301 , Fleet Safety 4 UNIT x STUDY GUIDE Title When companies utilize the railway for transportatio n methods, they commonly use tank cars to transport flammable/nonflammable gases in which they can maintain the PSI to ensure the internal pressure in each tank is stable. For general freight, hoppers and boxcars are used to transport goods considered as general freight. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recommends regulations for shipping hazmat based on initiatives to enforce hazmat policies while in transit. Hazmat determined by the FAA include, but are not limited to , explosives, gases, flammab le liquids and solids, oxidizers, toxic and infectious materials, radioactive materials, corrosives, and many other items that can endanger the traveling public when not handled correctly (FAA, n.d.). Last ly, hazardous materials can also be transported via waterways. In this method, maritime rules apply in conjunction with DOT and CFR regulations. Much like how the FAA identifies certain hazmat materials for transportation, the same generally applies to shipping hazardous materials via waterways throughout and around the United States. Emergency Response Senior management officials within all companies must be aware of correct safety procedures, specifically when it comes to training employees on responding to an emergency regarding a spill or accident that involves the hazardous materials being transporte d within their fleet. Proactive measures need to be established before accidents occur to allow the employee(s) to react in the appropriate manner. Identifying the type of product through placards and shipping documentation helps to ensure the correct mann er of response. For example, there are different aspects that can impact emergency response to a flammable liquid spill such as how friction, heat, or chemical reactions can trigger ignitions. Weather, population density, topography, and nearby buildings c an affect response times and determine how effective timely emergency responses can be with regard to managing an accident. Safety managers can help minimize problems by establishing effective emergency response procedures in alignment with the DOT regulat ions that outline and define responses for all possible problems so that employees are trained and aware of their responsibilities in providing emergency response in reaction of a spill or accident. Within our environment, we often fail to recognize and react appropriately to these types of situations. Responses can be facilitated in large and small situations. While the real possibility of a tanker truck rolling and spilling a large amount of flammable liquids across a highway is considered, most do not take into consideration that an emergency response to hazmat can be as small as utilizing chlorine bleach in your household. Different organizations are now assisting companies with reviewing protocols and improving response times and methods to the many d ifferent types of hazmat accidents that can possibly occur in daily life. Conclusion Lack of knowledge, poor responses, and human errors can result in an even larger problem when responding to hazmat spills and accidents. Failure to follow safety protoco ls or failing to know what your role should be in responding in an emergency situation can be an immense detriment to an emergency problem. Hazmat is determined prior to transportation and noted on placard cards (located on the outside of the transportatio n vehicle or vessel) and shipping documentation. For the transportation of hazmat , employees need to be trained in each step of handling these types of materials. Safety managers can use the hazardous classification system as designed by the DOT to help tr ain employees on recognizing types of hazards and knowing how to handle each of them. Each step from handling, packaging, storing, loading, and unloading involves specific training for how to handle each situation. Effective training not only helps compani es with maintaining a secure safety culture but also in preventing future accidents. Correct handling increases efficiency within transportation, which also ensures a positive outcome in delivery. References Compressed Gas Association. (n.d.). Celebrati ng 100 years as the standard for safety: The Compressed Gas Association, Inc. 1913 – 2013 . Retrieved from https://www.cganet.com/docs/100th.pdf Federal Aviation Administration. (n.d.). Pack safe. Retrieved from https://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/hazmat _safety/ OSH 3301 , Fleet Safety 5 UNIT x STUDY GUIDE Title Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. ( n.d. ). How to comply with federal hazardous materials regulations. Retrieved from https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/hazardous -materials/how -comply - federal -hazardous -materials -regulations Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. (n.d.). Training requirements for industry. Retrieved from http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/outreach -training/training -requirements -for -industry U.S. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration . (2016). 2016 emergency response guidebook . Received from http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/staticfiles/PHMSA/DownloadableFiles/Files/Hazmat/ERG2016.pdf Suggested Reading In order to access the following resource, click the link below : For the latest news and updates regarding promoting safety, inspection reports , and free training materials, explore the website below . Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration : http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat Learning Activities (Non -Graded) Non -Graded Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submit them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance an d information. Review the following video by clicking the link below. U.S. Department of Transportation. (2013, August 2 6). Cargo tank truck rollover prevention training video [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/7AIviBLL5j0 Click here to access the transcript for the video. Describe the four main appro aches that companies can take to minimize the possibilities of cargo tank rollovers. Why is this important in the transportation of hazardous materials?