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Application of Methods

Laura Kay Utgard

Cal Southern University

PSY 87127 Research Methods in Psychology

Linda Fischer

July, 2018

Application of Methods

Research approaches are the steps that provide a broader assumption regarding a detailed technique regarding data collection, review as well as data interpretation (Creswell, 2013). The strategy includes the procedure as well as plans that are needed for the research. Several decisions need to be made regarding the approach that a researcher should use. A philosophical assumption is made by the researchers to be able to come to the inquiry procedures which are known as the research designs as well as the particular research techniques of collection of data, review as well as interpretation (Creswell, 2013). According to Creswell, A research approach is based on the problem’s nature being addressed. Three research approaches which are quantitative, mixed methods as well as the qualitative research approach.

Qualitative Research

The qualitative research approach focuses on the exploration as well as the understanding the meaning groups or individuals attribute to a human or social issue (Creswell, 2013). In this kind of research approach, it focuses on the arising question as well as procedures, the data that is typically collected in the setting of the participants, the review of data inductively creating from the particulars to the general themes, as well as the researcher creating interpretations of data to give it a meaning (Creswell, 2013). In this research approach, the final report often has a flexible structure and those to tend to utilize this kind of approach in their research support a manner of viewing at the study which honors the inductive style. The qualitative research approach focuses mainly on the individual meaning as well as the effectiveness of interpreting the complexity of a scenario. The research designs that are used in this study approach include the narrative research, Phenomenological research, ethnography, the grounded theory, as well as the case study research design. The qualitative research approach is for providing a better understanding of the human conduct.

Quantitative Research

The quantitative research approach is often used to test the objective hypothesis by examining, the connection between the variables. In turn, the variables may be measured, using the instrument, so as the numbered data may be reviewed using the statistical procedures. The final report from the quantitative research approach often usually has a structure which is set and it comprises of the introduction, literature as well as the hypothesis, the techniques, the outcome as well as the discussion. The researchers that opt to use of research approach tend to create assumptions in regards to testing the hypothesis deductively, creating protection against biases, managing for other alternative explanations as well as having the ability to generalize as well as replicate the findings. The research approach uses are the experimental research design and the non-experimental research design. The quantitative research approach inquiry strategies are often connected the post-positivity worldview, which originated from psychology. The research designs that are used in the quantitative research tend to elaborate more into a complex connection between the variables which are found in the methods of the structural equation modeling, logistic regression as well as hierarchical modeling. Quantitative research designs are also involved in complex experiments which comprise of several treatments as well as variables.

Mixed Method Research Approach

The mixed methods research approach is a type of approach where its technique of inquiry includes the collection of both the quantitative research data as well as the qualitative research data, the integration of the two types of data as well as the utilization of distinct designs which may involve the hypothetical structure as well as the philosophical assumptions (Creswell, 2013). The bottom line assumption of inquiry is the combination of the quantitative as well as the qualitative research approaches which offers an efficient understanding of the problem being studied compared to both approaches when they are alone. The research design in the mixed approach focuses on the combination of quantitative as well as qualitative research as well as data in the problem being studied. Thus it research designs that this research method uses are the ones that are used in both the qualitative and the quantitative research methods. As the quantitative research included the closed ended responses like those found on questionnaires of the psychological tools, the qualitative research methods have open-ended questions which have no predetermined responses and through the combination of both a research is able to have a better understanding of the problem he or she is focusing at.

References:

American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association . (6th Edition). Washington, D.C.

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage. 9781452226101