The homework has three steps, each step needs to be answered from the book that mentioned for each step, please use only two books to answer and don't use anything else. Islam In The Modern World. (I

REL 366 – HOMEWORK

ON ISLAM IN THE MODERN WORLD AND ISLAM IN TRANSITION

FIRST STEP: READ CHAPTER TWO (Ethical Landscape: Laws, Norms, and Morality) in Islam in the Modern World, pp. 14-52. Your answers should be solely based on chapter 2.

1. Vocabulary. Define:

Fiqh:

Adab:

Niyya:

Ijma:

Ijtihad:

Fatwa:

Mujtahid:

Madhab:

Taqlid:

1. Write a paragraph on Al-Azhar University and its significance.

2. Name the four madhabs of Sunni Islam.

3. Do Shiites have their own schools of law?

4. What are the main characteristics of the Hanafi school of law?

5. How much does context matter in Muslim ethical discussions? Provide three concrete examples.

SECOND STEP: READ CHAPTER FOUR (From Isfahan: Islamic Theology in the Global Village) in Islam in the Modern World, pp. 80-104.

Your answers should be based on chapter 4.

1. Vocabulary: define

Kalam:

Madrasa:

Maslaha:

1. Who are the Mutazilites and Asharites? Summarize their main positions. How do these two groups of theologians differ from one another?

2. Persona: write a short biographical entry on the following persona (time/century, place, significance). [Significance = important. Why are they important to remember?]

   1. Muhammad Rashid Rida.

   2. Sayyid Qutub.

   3. Khomeini.

   4. Abdolkarim Soroush.

   5. Tariq Ramadan.

3. Date to remember: When did the Iranian revolution occur?

4. What questions do contemporary Muslim theologians address today? (for this question you can also turn to chapter 2 of Islam in the Modern World)

5. Why have certain modern Muslim theologians sought to revitalize Mutazili thought?

THIRD STEP: TURN TO ISLAM IN TRANSITION

Subhi Mahmasani

(on pp. 145-150)

1. What does Islamic jurisprudence deal with? Explain its methodology.

2. What caused the decline of Islamic thought?

3. What justifies the reopening of ijtihad?

4. What methodology should Muslim reformists follow to reform Islamic jurisprudence?

5. What led some jurists to commit abuses against women?

6. How will Muslims put an end to their backwardness, according to the author?