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The objective of this assignment is to allow a more in-depth analysis of historical issues through the comparison of two historical architects, or the critical analysis of an historical topic. Students will present a thesis, or propose a historical question for which a “case” will be made within the body and conclusion of the paper. From the research, students are encouraged to find and examine historical patterns and dialectics.
Annotated List of 4- 6 Potential References. Read each source, take notes, and write the annotation (a two - three sentence description of the significance and relevance of each source).
Outline
Final Draft
Omissions Policy References: If a list of potential references is not turned-in, then 2 points will be docked off the final paper grade.
First Draft: If a first draft and Outline are not turned-in, then one-half letter grade will be deducted from the final paper grade. If only an outline is turned-in for a first draft, then 2 points will be deducted from the final paper grade.
Citation Style. APA See https://www.mendeley.com/guides/apa-citation-guide
Late Policy: One point per day will be docked for late final papers.
Paper Organization:
Length of paper: 2000 min -2500 max words. Paper must be double spaced for ease of grading. Paper size should not exceed 5mb. Images should be used sparingly and only be included if they clearly illustrate points made in the paper. Papers are limited to SIX low resolution photos. A web page can be used to reference a photo.
For reviewer understanding and grading, the paper needs be organized under the following subtitles:
Title, Class, Author, Date
Introduction
Thesis Statement and/or Historical Question
Body of paper that reflects upon or supports the thesis or answers historical question(s)
Conclusion.
Bibliography APA Style https://www.mendeley.com/guides/apa-citation-guide
Example Paper Layout
Title (Title, Your Name, Class, Date)
Acceptable Title: The Spiritual Expression of Structure and Form in the Works of Mies van der Rohe and Louis Kahn. (Sufficient detail and focus)
Unacceptable Title: The Works of Mies van der Rohe and Louis Kahn (vague and too general)
Introduction: A brief background of your topic that sets the context for your thesis statement or historical question.
Thesis Statement or Historical Question A thesis statement or an historical question will be the main organizational focus of your paper. If you choose a thesis statement, the paper should narrowly focus and briefly state the essential points or central argument of the paper. If you choose to ask a historical question(s), then the paper should narrowly focus itself around and substantially answer the central question(s)
Acceptable Thesis: The urban projects of Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Sullivan demonstrate two commonalities and two major differences. Commonalities include the use of ornament without geometric formalism and floor plan layouts influenced by the planning of Violet le Duc. Differences include ……………………
Unacceptable Thesis: Wright and Sullivans’ work was influential because they were both exceptional designers. (This is known as a “Truism”)
Acceptable Thesis: In comparing high rise development in both New York and Chicago in the late 1800’s, both were influenced by the price of city lots, the invention of the elevator, the abundance of steel as a building material and the ego of the clients. Differences in the development of New York and Chicago high rise design include …………….
Unacceptable Thesis: This paper will cover the history of the American high-rise. (Too vague)
Acceptable Historical Question: Since Frank Lloyd Wright spent the early part of his career working under Louis Sullivan, and Louis Sullivan was deeply influenced by Islamic Ornament, was Frank Lloyd Wright’s early ornamental work influenced by Islamic Ornament?
Unacceptable Historical Question: What influenced the work of Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Sullivan? (Too General…more appropriate for a book)
Note: During the course of your research, you will start to see patterns of relationships form between facts that may develop into questions. From your research, your questions may turn into more definitive answers so you might consider turning the answer into a thesis statement. In the above question… “What influenced the work of Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Sullivan” (which may be an appropriate question to ask before researching your paper), you may find three definitive answers. If this is the case, then your thesis statement might be written as: The ornamental work of Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Sullivan were influenced by three main factors: transcendental philosophy, the philosophy of Alfred E. Neumann, and Viking ornament.
Body: This forms the bulk of your paper which expands upon and supports the thesis statement. It should prove, or make the case for your thesis statement. If you choose to ask a question, then the body needs to answer the central question.
Conclusion: For this portion of the paper, your concluding remarks may comment on, but are not limited to:
A restatement of the thesis or central question(s) with further thoughts that may provoke future research OR
A restatement of the thesis or central question(s) with an assessment of the strength or weakness of the body of evidence OR
A commentary on the difference between your research and another historian’s research. OR
A commentary on the strongest evidence that supports your thesis or question.
Acceptable Conclusion: In conclusion, the most plausible evidence for the building of the high-rise is the influence that America’s bankers had on the price of land, etc…
Unacceptable Conclusion: In conclusion, the truth of the matter is that the American high-rise overwhelmingly demonstrates the superiority of the United States as the greatest country in the world, if not the entire universe.
NOTE: After writing your first and subsequent drafts, you may find that your conclusion can best be used in place of your Thesis.
NOTE: The comparisons should be in the body of the paper not solely in the conclusion. If the comparison of the two architects is written solely in the conclusion, then the paper is guaranteed to receive a “C-” grade, or lower.
Bibliography: APA Style Papers need to cite four to six reputable sources. Information referenced from books and journals are highly encouraged (and more credible) while information derived from websites like Wikipedia are generally suspect. Books and journals are considered more substantial and reliable because they are written by those who have acquired an expertise on the subject and are refereed and peer reviewed by other authoritative scholars. In contrast, information derived from websites can be written by anyone. However, this does not mean that all website information is untrustworthy. Some sites are peer reviewed and written by reliable authors or organizations and there are an increasing number of online journals. The University of Idaho Library “Website Evaluation Criteria” accessed through the library home page -- and placed at the end of this assignment -- lists criteria that should be met before referencing a website. If you choose to list an internet source in your bibliography, the website must answer to the “University of Idaho Website Evaluation Criteria” Examples of both reliable and suspect websites are listed in Appendix C.
Note: Due to the amount of work required to successfully complete this assignment and to obtain access to the library books of your choice, it will be important to begin as early as possible in order to secure enough time to receive books from Interlibrary Loan. The Washington State Library may also be used as a source for books and periodicals.
