Module 6 Case Study ***use chapter 15 from book attachment*** The Condescending Dental Hygienist ***use 2nd attachment for guidelines for case study*** Assignment Read the attached case study with a f

Introduction to Health Care Management, Third Edition Sharon B. Buchbinder and Nancy H. Shanks Case Study Guide © 2017 Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 1 The Condescending Dental Hygienist CASE FOR CHAPTERS 4, 7, 12, AND 15 By Sharon B. Buchbinder Instructions Read the case summary below with a focus on the key management issues. Using the resources provided at the end of this case study, answer the plan development and response questions as indicated in APA for mat. Use a minimum of 3 scholarly references, listed in APA format. A tutorial on APA format ha s been uploaded to the assignme nt. The length of the assignment should be what is necessary to sub stantially respond the objectives of the assignment. Use APA format. Do not use personal opinion to complete this assignment, it is based on legal and ethical issues, use scholarly sources to find your answer. Summary In this case, a competent senior citizen who is still employed as a professor is given the wrong medication by Chrissy, the dental hygienist, despite clearly indicating her allergies at check in. The dental hygienist, instead of stopping what she is doing, apologizing, and ensuring that the patient is safe, continues about her tasks and argues that the patient doesn’t know what she is talking about, ins ulting the patient by telling Dr. Rose she is confused. The patient stops the procedure, gets out of the chair , and proceeds to give herself anti -allergy interventions. The dentist, who employs Chrissy, just happens along and asks what is going on, whereup on the patient has to explain the medication error, which Chrissy continues to deny until he tells her she is wrong. Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Medical and M edication Errors With respect to ethical issues, all health care professionals , including dentists and dental Introduction to Health Care Management, Third Edition Sharon B. Buchbinder and Nancy H. Shanks Case Study Guide © 2017 Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 2 hygienists, and their organizations have an obligation to prevent harm from befalling patients when they are under their care. When patients suffe r from ADEs, the organization has failed to discharge its legal and ethical obligation to above all do no harm. The tort concept of non - feasance , or failing to act where there is a duty that a reasonably prudent person would have fulfilled , is not debatable in this case. The ethical concept of non -maleficence in this case means “do no harm” or “don’t make it worse.” Chrissy not only did harm to the patient, she made it worse by attempting to convince the patient she was confused. Health care managers and clinicians have an obligation to minimize risk to patients. Using Chapter 15, Ethics and Law, this case presents an opportunity for instructors to review the distinctions and overlaps between ethics and law, as well as the concepts of respect for persons, beneficence, non -maleficence, and justice. It also offers an opportunity to review torts and to discuss whether malpractice has occurred in this case and what legal remedies Dr. Rose or her family might pursue. Quality improvement and patient safety are the responsibility of the health care organization, not just the clinical staff. While t he majority of medical errors and health care quality problems stem from organizational processes , in this case, Chrissy was the problem . While it is unlikel y that Chrissy went to work saying, “I’m going to kill someone today ,” her attitude, attribution errors, and actions could have killed Dr. Rose. This event should call into question whether Chrissy is re -trainable. She needs to understand not only the harm her actions could have caused, but also the ethical dilemma she created for her employer. Key Management Issues The four key areas for discussion in this case are:  Medical errors and avoidable drug errors (ADEs) ; and, Introduction to Health Care Management, Third Edition Sharon B. Buchbinder and Nancy H. Shanks Case Study Guide © 2017 Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 3  Legal and ethical issues associated with medical and medication error s. Medical Errors and Avoidable Drug Errors (ADEs) After review ing this case, provide the following,  Summary of case : This should include not only what was in the case, but additional research you conduct on the outcomes of the case. What happened? Who was found responsible? What were the legal ramifications?  Analysis and assessment : What are the quality control problems in this case? This will come from whichever quality assessment technique you chose.  Performance improvement plan (PIP) : This is where you say what SHOULD be done to prevent this error from occurring again, based on your analysis.  M ethods to incorporate or overcome local, contemporary , and corporate cultures : List and describe a few (no more than five [5]) validated approaches to accomplish this.  Identify and overcome other barriers to implementation success : Aside from culture, what else could be a barrier? Education? Training? Lack of resources, including money?  Develop a maintenance plan : What will you do to be sure the organization never forgets? Will you require onboarding orientation that addresses this issue? Will you require a nnual refresher courses for current employees?  Develop an assessment plan : What METRICS will you use to evaluate the effects of the PIP? How will you know when you have accomplished what you set out to do? Introduction to Health Care Management, Third Edition Sharon B. Buchbinder and Nancy H. Shanks Case Study Guide © 2017 Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 4 Next, answer the following questions, 1. According to Van Den Bos and colleagues (2011), a medical error is: 2. What causes these errors? Keers and colleagues conducted an extensive literature review of qualitative and quantitative studies of causes of medication administration errors (MAEs) in hospital settings. They found: Resources Gleeson, K. M., McDaniel, M. R., Feing lass, J., Baker, D. W., Lindquist, L., Liss, D., & Noskin, G. A. (2010). Results of the medications at transitions and clinical handoffs (MATCH) study: An analysis of medication reconciliation errors and risk factors at hospital admission.

Journal of Gen eral Intern al Med icine , 25 (5) , 441 –44 7. Hospital Research and Educational Trust (HRET). (n.d.). TeamSTEPPS national implementation. Retrieved from http://www.teamsteppsportal.org/ Keers , R. N., Williams, S. D., Cooke, J. & Ashcroft, D. M. (2013). Causes of medication administration errors in hospitals: A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative evidence. Drug Saf ety , 36 , 1045 –1067. Koenig, C. J., Maguen, S., Daley, A., Cohen, G., & Seal, K. H. (2012). Passing the baton: A grounded practical theory of handoff communication between multidisciplinary providers in two department of Veterans Affairs outpatient settings. Journal of Gen eral Intern al Med icine , 28 (1) , 41 –50. Introduction to Health Care Management, Third Edition Sharon B. Buchbinder and Nancy H. Shanks Case Study Guide © 2017 Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 5 Mallow, P.J., Pandy, B., Horblyuk, R ., & Kaplan, H.S. (2013). Prevalence and cost of medical errors in the general and elderly United States populations. J Med Econ , 16 (12) , 1367 –1378. Patterson, E. S. , & Wears, R.L. (2010). Patient handoffs: Standardized and reliable measurement tools remain elusive. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, 36 (2) , 52 – 61. Pilot, S. (2002). What is fault tree analysis? Retrieved from http://asq.org/quali ty- progress/2002/03/problem -solving/what -is-a-fault -tree -analysis.html Pinalla, J., Murillo, C., Carrasco, G., & Humet, C. (2006). Case -control analysis of the financial cost of medication errors in hospitalized patients. Eur opean Journal of Health Econom ics , 7, 66 –71. The Joint Commission. (2016). 2016 Comprehensive accreditation manual for critical access hospitals (CAMCAH). Chicago, IL: The Joint Commission. The Joint Commission. (2015). National patient safety goals effective January 1, 2015: Hospital accreditation program. Retrieved from http://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/6/2015_NPSG_HAP.pdf Van Den Bos, J., Rustagi, K., Gray, T., Halford, M., & Ziemki ewicz, E. (2011). The $17.1 billion problem: The annual cost of measurable medical errors. Health Affairs , 30 (3) , 596 – 603.