i have attached a file for your reference . I need the document like the sample attached file . simply to say you need to read about different topic of using the information and communications techno

Annotated Bibliography

Capano, G., & Pavan, E. (2018, August 29). Designing anticipatory policies through the use of. Policy and Society , 96-117. Retrieved from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14494035.2018.1511194

The authors i.e. Giliberto and Elena have given a brief explanation on the combination of Information and communication technology (ICT) and Policy design which mainly states that the policy that is to be developed depends upon the surrounding conditions, and It only happens when all the factors co-operate with each other. They have provided a concrete information about the different factors which are to be considered for any change or build of a policy. The policy which has to be developed mainly depend upon the governmental agencies and their political capacity i.e. while campaigning for themselves they will be promoting many policy implementations but the technicality of the policy to be implemented is not considered thereby keeping an halt on its development. A lot of discrepancies and deficiencies are provided by the authors but the main aim for the authors to conduct such research is to mainly understand that how ICTs can affect the process of policy development and design. They have provided a keen explanation about the effects of ICT on policy change or development and states that apart from the factors involved the society and the government should be equally supportive in making or enhancing the policies. This is a good source in understanding interconnection of ICT and policy making which would be quite helpful.

Eckardt, M. (2014). The Impact of ICT on Policies, Politics, and Polities – An Evolutionary Economics Approach to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). ANDRÁSSY WORKING PAPERS. Retrieved from https://www.andrassyuni.eu/pubfile/de-223-awp32eckardtfinal.pdf

In the working paper article, the author Martina Eckardt have given their insights on the impact of ICT on different factors i.e. Politics, Policies and Polities. They have given a deep explanation about how ICT has impacted the Policy making process followed by a through analysis of the influence ICT have created in development of the policy itself. They have provided good information about the hand of the government which is involved in making policies and the decisions made make a huge impact on the society if not implemented the right way. They have also shown a pictorial representation of how a policy is made or developed within a community with the involvement of different sectors of the government such as interest groups, individual, media etc. and also provide a brief simulation on the outcome for the policy making process which is impacted by the politics which are played by the government. This Article provides a keen information about the factors that are involved in affecting of building policies and would be quite helpful in understanding the affects with better perspective.

Mukhtarov, F., Dieperink, C., & Driessen, P. (2018, November). The influence of information and communication technologies on public participation in urban water governance: A review of place-based research. Environmental Science & Policy, 430-438. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S146290111830368X

The Authors Farhad, Carel and Peter have focused on an important subject i.e. the participation of the local population to utilize the different tools provided by the ICT. This article focusses on the fact that how ITC has influenced the participation of the citizens on to a dedicated topic of urban water governance. The authors have discussed mostly on the divide that the society has created based on income groups which thereby needs a quality attention from the policy makers to understand and implement a correct policy. The authors give a brief analysis and discussion on digitalization of the tools which are development and its usage for building better policies with the well learnt society for participating in a dedicated environment i.e. the urban water governance. This article provides information about the two types of interactions between the government and its citizens to build policies on its urban water development sector and have found that the ICT tools which are available are of no use if they are on their own. It is the responsibility of an individual to participate in such digitalized society to build a better future and implement good ideas.

Rudra, P. P., Mallik, G., & Bagchi, T. P. (2018, February 19). IIMB Management Review. (P. N. Kanagal, Ed.) Information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure and economic growth: A causality evinced by cross-country panel data, 30(1), pp. 91-103. Retrieved from Sciencedirect: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0970389618300260

The authors Rudra, Mallik and Bagchi have provided a well sorted study on how ICT is helpful in economic growth based on the data which they have collected from different locations. The authors mainly focus on the developments in the ICTs with its use of internet and broadband which are unequivocally utilized by the consumers and thereby improving the economic growth and such improvements can be quite helpful for policy makers to develop certain policies which mainly enhances the per capita economic growth. The authors have concentrated on utilizing the ICT and its uses on the economic growth and the implications which can be used enhanced policy development and infrastructure. The article also suggests and analysis of different countries from the G-20 summit which utilize suce policies and are impacted by the economic growth with the help of ICT tools. And state that ICT tools should be enhanced for improving the infrastructure.

Vij, N. (2016, August). Role of Information Technology in Policy Implementation of Maternal Health Benefits in India. Retrieved from surface.syr.edu: https://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1648&context=etd

This dissertation mainly discusses about the role of Information technology in Policy implementation concentrated to a topic i.t maternal health benefits in India. The main aim for this type of research was to analyze whether the use of cellphones can be effective in increasing the awareness for the country people on the different maternal health policies. Where thereby claims to have a change in society with the benefits obtained from an implemented policy. The research also discusses mainly on policy implementation and the ways to implement it followed by the benefits which the public or citizens would get with a better utilization of the health care made available due to such policies. The author also strongly encourages people to use ICT technological tools i.e. mobile phones a which have impacted the policy making process and was quite beneficiary for the community. The study also suggests that with the use of mobile phones to raise awareness of the health policies have drastically reduced the costs and obtained benefits to the implemented policy changes.