Its time for my final exam and I just dont have time to find the answers to the review questions. I need help with answering these questions so that I can ficus just on studying for the exam from the
Dr. Flamez Review
There are 100 multiple choice questions. Each question is worth 1 point. Once you start the exam you must finish it in one setting. The exam is open book, notes, power point. Good luck!
1. Nonpsychiatric physicians write the majority of prescriptions for psychotropic medications. This means that the therapist needs to be able to accurately and briefly communicate diagnosis, target symptoms, presumed etiology, and possible treatment with their patient’s primary care physician.
a. True
b. False
2. What drugs were available in the 1940s for treating psychiatric disorders?
3. Thorazine was a drug originally developed to treat?
4. The Church of Scientology initially targeted what type of psychiatric medications?
5. Know examples to measure real-time metabolic activity in the brain.
6. What do Pharmacokinetics include?
7. What are some symptoms considered an allergic reaction to a medication?
8. Know Anticholinergic side effects
9. The sympathetic nervous system is mediated primarily by which neurotransmitter?
10. Stimulus-response specificity refers to a concept where very specific reactions can be predicted with regularity when a stimulus is applied.
a. True
b. False
11. Nerve impulses are conducted away from the cell body by what?
12. What is considered to be the building blocks of proteins?
13. What is responsible for activating adjacent neurons?
14. These cellular structures contain neurotransmitters and protect them from being degraded by enzymes:
15. Second messengers are activated via:
16. The opening of chloride ion channels results in what?
17. If a person encounters significant stress over a period of time, what are some symptoms that occur in brain-stress circuits:
18. What is responsible for initiating gene expression?
19. Which of the following brain structures is a launching pad for the sympathetic nervous system?
20. Which of the following brain structures is subjected to significant damage early in Alzheimer’s disease?
21. Which of the following brain structures is dysfunctional in ADHD?
22. The peripheral nervous system includes….?
23. Which molecule binds to glucocorticoid receptors?
24. Which of the following are effects of the sympathetic nervous system?
25. Free drug molecules in circulation are those that are not bound to blood proteins.
a. True
b. False
26. Increases in liver enzymes can result in….?
27. Typically drugs reach steady state in what half life?
28. Reaching steady state does not always correspond to a drug’s onset of desired action.
a. True
b. False
29. The following is seen when there is an activation of the immune system:
30. What type of allergic reactions can be dangerous?
31. A ligand can be all of the following….
32. Know drugs that activates NE Alpha-2 receptors?
33. Which of the following serotonin receptors appear to be involved in the experience of GI symptoms?
34. Antagonists are molecules that block receptors.
a. True
b. False
35. People that are excessively perfectionistic may have a reduction in this personality trait when they take which of the following drugs:
36. Weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, puffy face, fatigue can be symptoms of:
37. Know the term Pheochromocytoma
38. Head injuries can cause depression.
a. True
b. False
39. Which of the following may suggest that normal grief has deteriorated into clinical depression?
a. Anhedonia
b. Crying spells
c. Persistent memories about the person who died
d. Highly emotional dreams
40. The lifetime prevalence rate for suicide in people experiencing unipolar depression is:
41. Which of the following groups has the highest rates of mood disorder?
42. Initial insomnia may be seen with depression but is not diagnostic of a major depressive disorder.
a. True
b. False
43. Which of the following types of depression present with hypersomnia:
44. All of the following neurotransmitters have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, except:
a. Acetylcholine
b. Dopamine
c. Norepinephrine
d. Serotonin
45. What percent of dysthymic patients go on to experience a major depressive episode?
46. The majority of people experiencing dysthymia are best seen as having a depressive personality (i.e., dysthymia is characterological).
a. True
b. False
47. SAD can be due to:
48. What are some common pathological response following childbirth?
49. Which of the following may suggest that a major depressive episode is a part of bipolar disorder?
a. Marked anhedonia
b. Suicidal ideations
c. Hypersomnia
d. Low self-esteem
50. The monoamine hypothesis of depression suggests a dysregulation of all the what neurotransmitters? (notice plural here)
51. Which of the following molecules is responsible for the metabolism of DA, 5-HT and NE neurotransmitters?
52. Which of the following is a neuroprotective protein?
53. In major depression which one of the following brain regions often is subject to decreased metabolic functioning?
54. In the treatment of major depression with antidepressants once the patient is asymptomatic, which of the following is the most prudent action to take?
55. Which of the following is generally considered to not be a sign of atypical depression
56. Know common symptoms of bipolar disorder
57. What symptoms most clearly suggests severe mania?
58. Which symptom most strongly suggests bipolar II disorder?
59. Among bipolar spectrum disorders, which of the following has the highest lifetime prevalence rates?
60. Extreme agitation, hyperactivity, pressured speech, decreased need for sleep, and marked depressive symptoms suggest:
61. What can precipitate mania?
62. Cyclothymic patients never go on to develop major episodes of depression or mania.
a. True
b. False
63. Progressively severe mood episodes that often become harder and harder to treat suggest this theory:
64. High levels of this element are a possible cause of bipolar disorder:
65. Severe panic attacks typically last _____________:
66. This disorder is characterized by intense fears of being in situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing.
67. Which of the following brain structures engages in threat appraisal?
68. This disorder is characterized by almost continuous worry and anticipation of unpleasant events.
69. This Axis II disorder may be related to social anxiety disorder.
70. What are some medical conditions that may cause anxiety?
71. Norepinephrine is able to reduce firing of N.E. nerve cells in the locus coeruleus.
a. True
b. False
72. Which one of the following drugs is not effective in treating panic disorder?
a. Benzodiazepines
b. SSRI antidepressants
c. Buspirone
d. MAO inhibitors
73. Which one of the following antidepressants is not recommended in the treatment of anxiety disorders?
a. Wellbutrin
b. Prozac
c. Zoloft
d. Lexapro
74. Which class of antidepressants is generally the choice for treating OCD?
a. SNRIs
b. SSRIs
c. Tricylics
d. MAO inhibitors
75. Which of the following psychotherapies has the best outcomes in the treatment of OCD?
a. Psychodynamic
b. Exposure based cognitive therapy
c. Gestalt therapy
d. Interpersonal therapy
76. Which of the following is considered to be a “first-rank” symptom of schizophrenia?
77. Know negative symptom of schizophrenia.
78. Negative symptoms are accompanied by or are caused by:
79. Atypical antipsychotics are “atypical” in their relative absence of extrapyramidal side effects.
a. True
b. False
80. Following a psychotic episode in nonmedicated patients, relapse rates within a year of the episode average:
81. What are some PTSD symptoms considered to be an intrusive symptom?
82. If intrusive symptoms seen in PTSD are successfully treated with psychiatric medications, often there is a corresponding decrease in which of the following?
83. Acute treatment with this medication shortly after traumatic exposure may reduce neurological damage in those who experience PTSD.
84. Which medications has been shown to decrease nightmares in people suffering from PTSD?
85. Lifetime mortality rates among people suffering from borderline personality disorder are:
86. Since borderline personality disorder is, by definition, a personality disorder, long-term follow-up with these patients shows reduced suffering but very little in terms of significant clinical improvement.
a. True
b. False
87. The majority of children with ADHD completely outgrow the disorder by early adulthood.
a. True
b. False
88. Self-mutilation, often seen in borderline personality disorder, appears to be primarily:
89. Which stage of sleep is a form of deep sleep that is restorative (i.e., reduces day time fatigue)?
90. Chronic pain may be successfully treated by the use of which class of drugs?
91. Know examples of MAOI (monoamine oxidase inhibitor)
92. Which antidepressants selectively targets dopamine?
93. Know atypical antidepressant medications
94. At the point of symptomatic improvement, stopping medications has been associated with a very high relapse rate (up to 80%). Therefore, continued treatment with antidepressants for at least _____________ is necessary.
95. Mr. J appears depressed, anxious and agitated. A good first-line antidepressant to try him on would be an SSRI.
a. True
b. False
96. Ms. S has a history of a seizure disorder. An antidepressant to avoid would be?
97. Over-the-counter antidepressants such as SAM-e do reduce some depressive symptoms, but this effect is considered to only be a placebo response.
a. True
b. False
98. Which of the following is the most effective treatment for psychotic depressions?
99. Which antidepressant targets serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine?
100. Know when the patient being treated with antidepressants should be on maintenance treatment?
