Hello this assignment is not that complicated you just have to find the answers from the slide of week 7 and week 8 that I have attached. I have also attached the assignment question paper . this assi

Assignment 4

Marks obtained

Name (full name): Student ID:

Failure to write full name and ID will result in a 2% penalty on the marks obtained.

Answer the questions below. For multiple choice questions, please make the chosen answer (the entire sentence) BOLD or underlined.

Part A: Solid and Hazardous Waste [20 points]

1. Waste incineration can lead to: [1]

a. less need for landfills

b. less water and air pollution

c. discourage waste production

d. all of the above

2. How much edible food is thrown away in the US and Canada each year? [1]

a. 560,000 tonnes

b. 670,000 tonnes

c. 760,000 tonnes

d. None of the above

3. Incineration is one of the most widely used means of waste reduction in Canada. [1]

a. True

b. False

4. Waste reduction includes which of the following? [1]

a. Reduce and reuse

b. Compost

c. Change industrial processes to eliminate use of harmful chemicals

d. All of the above

5. Which sector generates the most solid waste in North America? [1]

a. Municipalities

b. Industry

c. Agriculture

d. Mining and energy extraction

1. Plastic garbage bags were first introduced in which country? [1]

1. Germany

2. UK

3. US

4. Canada

1. Industrial ecology is based on: [1]

1. the principle of bio-mimicry

2. zero-waste

3. closed-loop recycling

4. all of the above

5. (a) and (b) only

8. A material used to remove solvents and pesticides from contaminated soil and groundwater is made from:

1. corn starch

2. extracts from willow and poplar

3. sunflower roots

4. none of the above

9. Which of the following chemicals can cause nervous system damage, especially in young children? [1]

a. Pb

b. Hg

c. Dioxin

c. All of the above

10. Approximately what percent of municipal waste in Canada is organics? [1]

a. 20%

b. 40%

c. 50%

d. None of the above

1. The Tar Ponds in Sydney contained: [1]

1. Arsenic

2. PAHs

3. PCBs

4. All of the above

12. A sanitary landfill: [1]

a. waste is compacted and covered everyday

b. leachate is collected and treated

c. clay and plastic lining are used to prevent leaks

d. all of the above

13. Scientists have used plants and algae grown in wetlands to extract hazardous materials from liquid waste water. This is also known as: [1]

1. In-situ remediation

2. Bio-remediation

3. Phyto-remediation

4. Both (a) and (b)

14. Which of the following could cause Hg pollution? [1]

a. Old thermostats

b. CFL bulbs

c. Coal burning

d. All of the above

15. Using discarded paper to make paper towel is an example of: [1]

1. Secondary recycling

2. Open-loop recycling

3. Downcycling

4. All of the above

16. What does the following terms stand for? [1]

a. NIMBY:

b. NOPE:

1. The amount of per capita municipal solid waste generated by non-residential sources per year is approximately:

1. 520 kg

2. 453 kg

3. 256 kg

4. none of the above

18. A source separated system may be preferred over a centralized approach to waste collection because: [1]

1. it produces less air and water pollution

2. it has lower capital cost

3. it has less contamination issue

4. all of the above

19. The “take back” requirement means that manufacturers take full responsibility for their products when they reach end-of-life. Such programs for cars are already in place in:

1. Australia

2. EU

3. Japan

4. All of the above

20. Provide two reasons why a “service-flow” economy can promote efficiency and durability. [1=0.5x2]

a.

b.

Part B: The Story if Stuff video [10 points]

1. The conventional model of the “material economy system” is faulty, because: [1]
   

1. It is a linear system

2. It cannot be sustained indefinitely when supply is limited

3. The model has important components that are missing

4. All of the above

1. Of the 100 largest economies in the world, how many are corporations? [1]
   

1. 36

2. 25

3. 51

4. 67

1. The US population is 5% of the global population but it consumes:? [1]

1. 66% of the world’s resources

2. 56% of the world’s resources

3. 25% of the world’s resources

4. 30% of the world’s resources

1. What does BFR stand for and why is this a major health risk? [1 = 0.5x2]

1. How do the corporations keep the cost of consumer products down? [1]

1. What percent of stuff that we run through the material flow system are discarded within six months? [1]

1. 1%

2. 33%

3. 67%

4. 99%

1. What are two strategies used by global corporation to increase the sale of consumer goods and services: [1 = 0.5x2]
   
   

1. For every one unit of post-consumer waste, how many units of pre-consumer level waste is generated that makes the contribution of recycling rather small? [1]
   

1. 2,000 times

2. 3,000 times

3. 6,000 times

4. 1,000 times

1. Which man-made chemical has been mentioned as the most toxic? Which process contributes to producing most of that toxin? [1 = 0.5x2]
   
   

1. What are the two core principles of the new circular economy model that we should be striving for as a society? [1=0.5x2]

Part C: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [20 points]

1. When two useful forms of energy are produced from the same fuel source, the process is called: [1]

a. Active power generation

b. Passive power generation

c. Feed-in power generation

d. Cogeneration

2. Mention two effective ways to save energy and/or minimize energy loss: [0.5x2=1]

a.

b.

3. Which Canadian scientist produced the world’s first zero-emission transit bus that is now being used all over the world? [1]

a. Geoffrey Ballard

b. Amory Lovins

c. Tasios Melis

d. Bragy Arnason

1. A small mechanical battery that can quickly store and release large amounts of electrical energy is called: [1]

a. nano-battery

b. thermal wave battery

c. ultra-capacitor

d. hydrogen cell

5. Which province of Canada has the highest installed wind power capacity? [1]

a. Quebec

b. British Columbia

c. Nova Scotia

d. Ontario

6. A super-insulated house uses: [1]

a. passive solar energy

b. Waste heat from appliances and occupants

c. Both (a) and (b)

d. None of the above

7. Which one of the following is an example of a passive solar heating system? [1]

a. Greenhouse

b. Strawbale house

c. both (a) and (b)

d. None of the above

8. Electricity produced from a nuclear power plant is being used for resistance heating by households in a rural community. If the uranium mining efficiency is 82%, processing and transportation efficiency is 55%, power plant efficiency is 30%, transmission efficiency is 85%, and 100% of the electricity reaching the households is converted into heat, what is the overall efficiency of this home heating scheme? [1]

a. 70.4%

b. 63.0%

c. 42.9%

d. 11.5%

9. Which system uses heliostats? [1]

a. Power tower

b. Solar collector

c. Green roofs

d. None of the above

10. The net energy use efficiency of a passive solar system is higher compared to that of an active solar system by a factor of: [1]

a. Approximately 2.6

b. Approximately 3.5

c. Approximately 4.7

d. Approximately 5.3

11. Which of the following has the potential to become the cleanest and most abundant raw material for producing hydrogen used in fuel cells? [1]

1. Hydrocarbons

2. Landfill gas

b. Water

c. Natural gas

12. The advantage of a micro hydro schemes is that they: [1]

a. Do not block or divert flow

b. Do not cause large scale upstream flooding

c. Do not block migration of aquatic species

d. All of the above

13. Which of the following sources of energy has the potential to become the cheapest and cleanest in the near future if the technology was mass produced and implemented in suitable locations? [1]

a. Small hydro

b. Solar thermal

c. Wind power

d. Nuclear power

14. A bus system in Halifax is run based on biodiesel made from: [1]

a. Poultry waste

b. Soybean and canola

c. Wasted cooking oil

d. Fish waste

15. Bio-gas digesters that produce methane from plant and animal waste use a process that is: [1]

a. Aerobic

b. Anaerobic

c. Similar to composting

d. None of the above

16. Which country is the world’s largest producer of ethanol fuel? [1]

a. Canada

b. Brazil

c. the US

d. Argentina

17. Geo-exchange is a mechanism that involves using buried pipes and pumps to: [1]

a. Bring out heat energy from underground to the surface

b. Bring in heat from the surface to the underground

c. Both (a) and (b)

d. None of the above

18. Biogas is produced from anaerobic decomposition of plant and animal waste and is comprised of approximately: [1]

a. 60% CO2 and 40% methane

b. 50% methane and 50% CO2

c. 60% methane and 40% CO2

d. 65% CO2 and 35% methane

19. Which country in the world was the first to embrace the fuel cell technology in a major way that would be supported by abundant geothermal energy, hydropower and offshore wind power? [1]

a. Korea

b. Norway

c. Sweden

d. Iceland

20. Biofuels can be produced from sources such as: [1]

a. fast growing trees

b. crop residues

c. animal manure

d. all of the above

1. What percent of all new energy projects are now renewable energy projects? [1]

1. about one third (~33%)

2. about one quarter (~25%)

3. more than 50%

4. none of the above

1. The video talked about recent reverse policy moves in the US, such as rolling back: [1]

1. CAFE

2. regulation on methane leakage from natural gas network

3. both (a) and (b)

4. none of the above

1. What are the two main challenges to electrification of the transportation sector as mentioned in the video? [2]

a.

b.

1. Mention two factors that are significant barriers to private investment in off-shore wind energy projects: [2]

1. Renewable energy sectors has come a long way in becoming competitive to the fossil fuel based industry when it comes to generating electricity. However, there are still some significant challenges faced by the industry. Mention four such challenges mentioned in the video. [4]

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