So I have attached the assignment 6 and week 11 and week 12 slides you just have to find answers. its not complicated but need a focus reading Please find below Assignment 6 . This assignment is base

Assignment 6

Name (full name): Student ID:

Failure to write full name and ID will result in a 2% penalty on the marks obtained.

Answer the questions below. For multiple choice questions, please make the chosen answer (the entire sentence) BOLD.

Part 1

1. In a pure free-market economic system, what happens if the price of a product is too high?
   

1. Supply exceeds demand

2. Demand exceeds supply

3. Shortages occur

4. None of the above
   

1. Which of the following would be a reason for governments to interfere with free markets?
   

1. To provide national security

2. To ensure public health and safety

3. Government should not be in the business of providing services

4. Both (a) and (b)

1. Using natural capital more efficiently is important to which economic viewpoint?
   

1. Neoclassical

2. Ecological

3. Malthusian

4. None of the above
   

1. In calculating the genuine progress indicator, which of the following is added to the gross domestic product?
   

1. Harmful environmental costs

2. Harmful social costs

3. Benefits in which no money changes hands

1. All of the above

1. From an environmental economics perspective, what does a full-cost price include?
   

1. Internal costs minus external costs

2. Internal costs plus external costs

3. External costs minus internal costs

4. None of the above
   

1. Which of the following strategies is “most likely” to contribute to reducing poverty in developing countries?
   

1. Providing soft loans to developing countries

2. Debt forgiveness for developing countries

3. Privatization of public enterprises

4. All of the above
   

7. What would the demand and supply curves look like that are associated with a market in which price, supply, and demand are the only factors involved?

8. Environmentally sustainable economic development would have the following characteristics:

9. Which Canadian province was the first to introduce a revenue-neutral price (tax) on carbon emissions?

10. Which indicator measures the health of ecosystems, among other things?

11. Internalizing external costs would result in:

12. What does cost-benefit analysis do?

13. What did the results of most studies of the effects of environmental regulation on U.S. businesses show?

14. The appropriate discount rate for protecting an ecologically sensitive habitat is:

15. Estimates produced by cost benefit analyses should not be taken for granted because:

1. What are the two key weaknesses of the neoclassical model of the economy as pointed out by Harman Daly? [0.5x2=1]
   
   

17. Which country’s Green Plan includes integrated life-cycle management and public awareness programs?

18. Micro-loans are provided to rural poor and women by Grameen Bank in which country?

19. Adding external costs to the cost of goods and services would counter the amount people now pay for poor health, high-priced insurance, and pollution controls.

a. True
b. False

20. Items made from natural resources such as tools, machines and factories are called natural capitals.

1. True

2. False

1. “When it is asked how much it will cost to protect the environment, one more question should be asked: How much will it cost our civilization if we do not?” Who made this statement?

22. Environmental economists generally agree on the notion of weak sustainability and propose to correct market imperfections by reforming current economic systems rather than completely redesigning them. This statement is:

1. True

2. False

23. An advantage of using market-based tradable permits for pollution and resource-use would be that big polluters and resource users won’t be able to buy their way out.

1. True

2. False

24. In a purely free-market economic system:

1. Buyers and sellers freely interact without any restrictions or influence

2. There are no barriers to entry or participate in the market transactions

3. Parties have access to all pertinent information

4. All of the above

25. Implementation of which measure would require the government to reduce income or payroll taxes and enforce a safety net for poor and middle-class citizens?

1. Sin tax

2. Value added tax

3. Inheritance tax

4. Green tax

26. The increase in total cost from producing one more unit of good or service is called:

1. Variable cost

2. Marginal cost

3. Average cost

4. Fixed cost

27. A consumer making a significant change in consumption in response to a change in price is an example of:

28. Markets are generally the best providers of private and public goods.

1. True

2. False

29. Which of the following is an example of market failure (when the quantity produced and consumed are not socially efficient)?

1. Monopoly

2. Oligopoly

3. External costs

4. All of the above

30. The tool used to identify products produced by environmentally sound methods is called:

1. Full-cost pricing

2. Eco-labelling

3. Green washing

4. None of the above

31. The GDP for a nation is 35 billion dollars; the value of nonmarket transactions of goods and services is 5 billion dollars; and the value of external costs is 15 billion dollars. The GPI for that country is:

1. 45 billion dollars

2. 55 billion dollars

3. 35 billion dollars

4. 25 billion dollars

32. One limitation of CBA is that it does not include the monetary value of resources or services that cannot be determined based on market-based transactions.

1. True

2. False

33. People’s willingness to pay for preservation of natural capital for use in the future is called:

1. Option value

2. Bequest value

3. Both (a) and (b)

4. None of the above

34. Environmentally harmful subsidies and tax breaks cost the world around (in US$):

1. 1.5 trillion dollars annually

2. 1.75 trillion dollars annually

3. 1.9 trillion dollars annually

4. 2.1 trillion dollars annually

35. Which of the following is an example of innovation driven management?

1. Total quality management

2. Clean technology

3. Process design management

4. All of the above

1. History shows that significant social changes cannot come without:

1. an issue that has crossed the threshold

2. the presence of a charismatic leader

3. a supportive regulatory framework

4. a strong base of grassroots support

1. Name the Canadian Act that controls pollution related to shipping through Arctic waters:

1. A modern and effective organizational decision-making structure have the following characteristic:

1. it has a hierarchical structure with an increasingly powerful layers of decision makers at the top

2. it has a relatively flat structure with few mid-level or senior managers

3. it has many staff trained in lean and six sigma methods

4. all of the above

1. Many political leaders and decision makers lack adequate ecological literacy. As a result, their environmental policy decisions often do fail to incorporate:

1. Integrative principle

2. Reversibility principle

3. Humility principle

4. All of the above

1. The person who has been labeled as the world’s greatest living freshwater ecologist is:

1. David Suzuki

2. David Schindler

3. Mark Jaccard

4. Maude Barlow

1. Name two branches of government in a constitutional democracy:

[any two]

1. When an individual or a group is asking to stop whatever action is causing the harm to the environment or public health, legally speaking, they are seeking for:

1. Deferment

2. Mediation

3. Injunction

4. None of the above

1. The right of the public to defend the environment is enshrined in the Environmental Bill of Rights (EBR). The EBR recognizes this right in practical terms by:

1. Making it easier for citizens to use the court system to defend the environment

2. Increasing the protections afforded to employees who engage in whistle-blowing in defense of the environment

3. Making the government’s environment-related decisions more transparent.

4. All of the above

1. The NGO that have brokered debt-for nature swaps for environmental conservation is:

1. International Union for Conservation of Nature

2. World Wide Fund for Nature

3. Nature Conservancy

4. All of the above

1. The micro-finance scheme has been shown to be very effective in reducing rural poverty as:

1. about a third of the borrowers move above the poverty line within five years

2. about a quarter of the borrowers move above the poverty line within five years

3. about half of the borrowers move above the poverty line within five years

4. none of the above

1. The features that can hinder the ability of a democratic government to properly deal with an environmental issue may include:

1. tendency to react to short-term, isolated environmental problems

2. many elected officials tend to spend their time dealing with immediate issues

3. too many political leaders do not understand how the Earth’s natural systems work and how they support all life, economies, and societies

4. all of the above

1. About half of the global population is trying to survive on:

1. less than a dollar (US) a day

2. less than $1.25 (US) a day

3. less than $2 (US) a day

4. less than $3 (US) a day

1. Which economic policy tool can be criticized on the ethical ground that it grants industries legal rights to pollute?

1. Major environmental treaties have not been very successful in achieving their goals because of:

1. Week compliance

2. Week enforcement

3. Lack of targets and timetables

4. All of the above

1. “Resources move from the poor to the rich, and pollution moves from the rich to the poor.” Who made this statement?

1. Gregory Mankiw

2. Herman Daly

3. Gord Miller

4. Vandana Shiva

Part 2: Short questions [8]

1. 1. 1. 1. Suppose that over the next 20 years the current harmful environmental and health costs are internalized so that their marker costs reflect their full social cost. Give four examples of how this transformation will impact your life-style. [4]

1. 1. 1. 1. Name a person who you would consider to be a great example of an environmental leader. Discuss with examples two characteristics of this person that make her/him a great leader. [4]