I have 4 case study that i need help i already upload i need to done by june 2

Bio 2256

Name:____________________________________________

Case Study 2

Below are two (2) narratives about the respiratory system, answer the questions associated with each. You may work in small groups, but make sure that each team member turns in a sheet with their name on it. Feel free to ask questions to clarify any of the information below.

1: Fred is sitting and relaxing in his favorite chair after a hard day at the rock quarry.

Laying next to him is the family pet, Dino who is fast asleep. Fred can easily hear Dino breathing as he is sleeping.

Question 1: Explain the pressures involved in breathing and the importance of Boyle’s law.

Question 2: Explain the process of inhalation, what happens, how air is brought into the lungs, the muscle involved, and how the lungs are stretched to fill the thoracic cavity.

Question 3: Explain the process of exhalation, what happens, how air moves out of the lungs, and the muscles and structures involved.

Question 4: Explain the factors that promote elastic recoil of the lungs and alveoli and the factors that promote compliance of the lungs and alveoli. Be sure to first define both elastic recoil and compliance.

2: George and his son Elroy decide to go on a trip to the Himalayas. They are going to camp at base camp for a couple of weeks before trying to make it to the summit.

Question 1: If the atmospheric pressure at base camp is 400 mg Hg and the percentage of oxygen is 21%, what is the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere? What impact would this have on the partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs and on external respiration? Be sure to explain how external respiration works normally?

Question 2: What effect does the partial pressure of oxygen play in saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen? Draw the hemoglobin dissociation curve. What chemical produced by red blood cells that increases the delivery of oxygen to cells. Explain how it affects the dissociation curve and draw that effect.

Question 3: While at base camp Elroy runs around a lot, which increases the amount of carbon dioxide produced by his cells, which also increases the acidicity of his tissue fluids. What effect will this have on the delivery of oxygen to his cells? Draw the appropriate dissociation curve. What is the name of this effect? What related effect will work to help buffer the pH change of the blood?

Question 4: What is the major way that carbon dioxide is being carried by Elroy’s blood? How does this both promote picking up carbon dioxide at cells and releasing carbon dioxide in the lungs? Name the enzyme in red blood cells that is involved and explain the chloride shift.