Read the case study included in this folder before you begin this exercise. The written submission is an internal report using professional business writing skills. The analysis should be in a busines

ADM 2304 X – ASSIGNMENT 2 Professor: Afshin Kamyabniya Total Marks: 6 4 Due date: Friday , June 12 , 2020 at 11:59 pm. Instructions: • You may use MS Excel or other software for any calculations. However, you must show your manual calculations when asked. You may paste your output onto your assignment to show your use of software; however, this output does not replace any of the steps outlined below. This means that answers that are exclusively software output may receive only partial marks. • If you a re performing a hypothesis test, make sure you state the hypotheses, the level of significance, the rejection region, the test statistic (and/or p -value, if requested), your decision (whether to reject or not to reject the null hypothesis), and a conclusion in managerial terms that answers the question posed. These steps must be completed in addition to any software output. • The data for this homework assignment can be found in the file Assign2Data.xlsx . • Your assignment must be typed and uploaded to Brightspace in one pdf file. You may upload several files, but only the most recent submission prior to the deadline will be graded. • No late submissions will be accepted. • Remember to include your integrity statement. Question 1 – Canada Small Business Fi nancing Program (3 parts, 1 5 marks) One of the support programs of the Government of Canada for small businesses is Canada Small Business Financing Program (CSBFP). Under the CSBFP, the Government of Canada shares the risk of default with the lender by guaranteeing 85 percent of the lender’s net eligible losses. Under this program, small businesses may obtain financing for the following assets: real property (immovables), equipment, and leasehold improvements. A fourth -year finance student at Telfer is interested in seeing whether this program contributes to the growth of small businesses. She randomly selected 18 IT firms operating in Ottawa that received support from the CSBFP in 2015. She interviewed these companies and recorded the number of employees in 2014 and 2018. These numbers are provided in dataset CSBFP . a) [8 Marks] Carry out a hypothesis test to determine whether there was any increase in the size of the IT firms operating in Ottawa that received support from the CSBFP in 2015. Explain your approach in choosing a test, state the corresponding conditions, and show by using an appropriate graph if the conditions are met. Copy the graph and use a 5% significance level. You may use MS Excel or other software for your calculations. b) [6 Marks] Using a confidence level of 95%, was there an increase in the size of the IT firms operating in Ottawa that received support from the CSBFP in 2015? Calculate the corresponding confidence interval manually and state your conclusion. You may use MS Excel or other software for your computations. c) [1 Mark] Does the confidence interval from part b) confirm your conclusion from part a)? Explain. Question 2 - MBA Graduate Salaries (3 parts, 1 5 marks) Assign2.xlsx in dataset MBA_Salary contains the annual salaries, in thousands of dollars, earned by individuals who graduated with MBAs in 2015 and 2016 from a certain business school in Canada. We would like to determine whether the distribution of salaries for 2015 MBA graduates is higher than for 201 6 MBA graduates. a) [5 Marks] Create a boxplot and compare the distribution of salaries for 2015 and 2016 graduates. b) [8 Marks] Perform the appropriate non -parametric test at a 5% significance level to determine whether the salary for 2015 graduates is higher than for 2016 graduates. State the hypotheses clearly and show your manual calculation for all the relevant steps in the test. c) [2 Marks] Use Excel to perform the appropriate non -parametric test in part (b). How does the result from Excel compare with your conclusion in part (b). Question 3 – Beer bitterness (5 parts, 1 9 marks) The taste of beers and its bitterness depends on the combination of its ingredients, mainly malts, hops, and yeast. The bitterness of beers is specified by the International Bitterness Unit (IBU) which measures the parts per million of a specific acid (isomerized alpha acid) found in one liter of beer. Lower IBU corresponds to less bitterness and higher IBU corresponds to more bitterness. In the Beer Bitterness dataset, you can find the level of bitterness measured in milligrams of isomerized alpha acid in 1 liter of beer for two samples from two types of beer (Midnight Ottawa and Midnight Montreal). a) [2 Marks] Examine the boxplot of the level of bitterness for the sample of Midnight Ottawa and the boxplot of the level of bitterness for the sample of Midnight Montreal. Copy the boxplot and comment on the population distribution of the level of bitterness for each case. b) [7 Marks] The manager of the brewery believes that Midnight Ottawa and Midnight Montreal differ in terms of bitterness. Carry out a hypothesis test to see whether there is a real difference in the mean level of bitterness of these two types of beer. You may use MS Excel or other software for your computations and copy the result. Assume the two population variances are unequal and use a 1% significance level. c) [2 Marks] Find the corresponding 99% confidence interval for the difference in level of bitterness. Show your computations. d) [1 Mark] Describe in one sentence how the hypothesis test in part b) and the confidence interval in part c) reflect the relationship between confidence intervals and hypothesis tests as introduced in class. e) [7 Marks] The manager of the brewery thinks that assuming unequal population variances is wrong. Repeat part b), now manually, assuming equal population variances. Show your manual calculations and clearly state your conclusion. (Hint. You may use any statistics you need from part b)). Question 4 – Top 100 Novels [ 15 marks] Years ago a meme went around Facebook and other parts of the internet about the BBC’s “Top 100 Books”, with the statement that most people have read only six of the books listed. Your friend at Carleton suggests that Carleton students have read more of those books than either uOttawa students or UofT students. Determined to prove that uOttawa students are well read, you collect some data. Using appropriate sampling techniques, you poll uOttawa, Carleton, and UofT students to see how many of these books they’ve read. Here are the results of your poll: uOttawa students (148 total): 84 have read 0 to 9 books on the list 43 have read 10 to 19 21 have read 20 or more Carleton students (137 total): 91 have read 0 to 9 books on the list 24 have read 10 to 19 22 have r ead 20 or more UofT students (119 total): 70 have read 0 to 9 books on the list 35 have read 10 to 19 14 have read 20 or more a) [4 marks] Put the data into a two -way table with the number of books categories in the rows and the university categories in the columns. The data in this table should be observed counts. Create another table showing the corresponding expected counts. Show no more than three decimal places in the second table and make sure your two tables show the totals for the rows, columns, and overall. b) [8 marks] Perform a hypothesis test to check if the distributions for number of books read are the same across the three universities at the 0.01 significance level. That is, test the independence of the two categorical varia bles, number of books read and university attended. c) [3 mark] Is the chi -squared approach appropriate here? Why or why not? Hint: Look at the “expected” table.