***Research Paper – Working Outline Instructions*** Using current APA format, you will create a Working Outline as the next step towards your Final Research Paper. This outline will include a title pa
Running Head: RESEARCH 1
Annotated bibliography
Student’s name
Institutional affiliation
Cadet, J. A. (2018). Is There Anything Wrong With the Slogan “My Body My Choice” When It Comes to Abortion?. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/sss/2018/Papers/2/
The author presents factual details concerning induced abortion form the past times to now. The deliberate termination of a pregnancy is not a new concept to the world. People like Aristotle provided chemical means to women to terminate the pregnancy as their bodies are the ones that carried the embryo. The women have an option, and it all depends on how they feel in deciding whether to keep or terminate the pregnancy. The article clearly indicates that there will always be two sides in the abortion concept, the opposing side, and that which agrees with the abortion act that is drawn from the past and progresses through this time.
Cárdenas, R., Labandera, A., Baum, S. E., Chiribao, F., Leus, I., Avondet, S., & Friedman, J. (2018). “It’s something that marks you”: Abortion stigma after decriminalization in Uruguay. Reproductive health, 15(1), 150. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12978-018-0597-1
The authors present stigmatization to both the women seeking abortion services and the providers of the service. The legal contexts are the ones causing this stigma in Uruguay as abortion was decriminalized to up to 12 weeks gestation in 2012. The article conducted interviews with ten members as clients and health care professionals that were semi-structured. The interviews were done in both private and public facilities in health systems for Uruguay. The statistics used did not provide adequate information, as the number was insignificant for representing Uruguay's health system. The results were that the stigmatization of abortion did not stop despite having the law.
Christensen, A. (2019). Abortion and deprivation: a reply to Marquis. Journal of medical ethics, 45(1), 22-25. Retrieved from https://jme.bmj.com/content/45/1/22.abstract
The authors argue that abortion is immoral, and it takes away the future that human beings should have. The author equates abortion with murder as they both deprive human beings of the possibility of having a future. The article does not provide solid evidence of the arguments it makes, but it rests on assumptions. It presents the assumption that the human being is deprived by getting an early death. The article argues against this depriving in the case of abortion as there is a need for discernible individuals to be present for deprivation to occur. There is a need for further justification of this claim that abortion is wrong.
ESHRE Capri Workshop Group. (2017). Induced abortion. Human reproduction (Oxford, England), 32(6), 1160. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28402552
Abortion is presented as a common thing. There is inexact data presented for the rates of abortions, but it is argued that the available data can be used in exploring the trends. The article presents a decrease in the rates of abortions in the period of 2010-2014 than in 1990-1994, where it is now 35 women per 1000 women who engage in abortion while earlier it was 40 women for every 1000 women. The developed countries have relaxed laws restricting abortions, and other laws and policies have been put in place that allows abortion. The developing countries are still opposing abortion and restricting, but it does not deter abortion activities in developing countries.
Hanschmidt, F., Linde, K., Hilbert, A., Riedel‐Heller, S. G., & Kersting, A. (2016). Abortion stigma: a systematic review. Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 48(4), 169-177. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1363/48e8516
The authors indicate that there are no studies conducted to evaluate the stigma associated with abortion, although it has been indicated that stigma has a potential risk factor for the well-being of the women who have had abortions. The authors use a systematic search of the databases to evaluate articles involving abortions and stigma. The articles used were eligible that facilitated the provision of accurate information that was included in the research. The paper successfully addressed the experiences of the women subjected to abortion stigma and the attitudes of the public that increased stigmatization. The results of the article indicated that the women who had abortions feared both social and self-judgment.
Jones, R. K., & Jerman, J. (2017). Population group abortion rates and lifetime incidence of abortion: United States, 2008–2014. American Journal of Public Health, 107(12), 1904-1909. Retrieved from https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/ajph.2017.304042
The authors aimed at getting to gauge the dominance of abortion among residents groups and vicissitudes in rates in the period between 2008 and 2014. Data from secondary patient surveys, an American public survey, and the national inspection of family advance were used as a secondary source in making estimates of the abortion rates. From these data, the authors observed that there was a decline in the rate of abortion in the period by twenty-five percent for a group of ladies aged 15-44 years. The rates of abortion for adolescents, ethnic and racial groups declined within this period though they were not uniform on the basis of the rates.
Jones, R. K., & Jerman, J. (2017). Abortion incidence and service availability in the United States, 2014. Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 49(1), 17-27. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1363/psrh.12015
The authors present the idea that the availability of information on the incidence of abortion is important in helping to inform policies and programs that are beneficial in reducing the levels of unintended pregnancy. The authors conducted surveys for all facilities that they expected to have provided the services of abortion or those that were known in either 2013 or 2014. The authors combine the collected data for the population to assessment the countrywide and state-level rates of abortion for two years. This article is credible as it offers credible materials and data from sources that can be trusted. From the survey, the rates of abortion had declined as well as the clinics that conducted abortions compared to the survey of 2011.
MELNIK, S. (2018). Difficulties in Understanding of Bible Text in Terms of Exodus 21: 22-23 and Its Influence on Teaching about Abortion in Catholic Church. Astra Salvensis-revista de istorie si cultura, 6(Special), 991-1000. Retrieved from https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=688133
The author argues that there is no biblical perspective regarding abortion. The Bible does not teach about abortion that raises questions of disputes whether an embryo is human or not, and when it becomes human. The article presents a pro-choice direction that can be used to justify abortion and the attitude to the passage. The article directs that the teachers of the Roman-Catholic Church and the influence they had on the doctrines of the church. The article is reliable as it presents reference books that are relevant to the study. There is a need for Christians to observe the teachings regarding the values of human life that abortion goes against.
Nobis, N., & Grob, K. (2019). Common Arguments about Abortion" and" Better (Philosophical) Arguments About Abortion. Retrieved from https://philpapers.org/rec/NOBQAA
The author presents that it is argued that we all have feelings and that big children or fetuses should not be killed. The article presents the differences between good and bad abortion. Good abortion is majorly that which is permitted or done during the early ages of the fetus development where it is considered as an embryo that lacks feeling. On the other side, bad abortion refers to that which is done when the fetus has grown and developed feelings and consciousness. The article argues that abortions are legal until the technology and law offer a woman removal of a fetus to another womb.
Sedgh, G., Bearak, J., Singh, S., Bankole, A., Popinchalk, A., Ganatra, B., ... & Johnston, H. B. (2016). Abortion incidence between 1990 and 2014: global, regional, and subregional levels and trends. The Lancet, 388(10041), 258-267. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673616303804
There is a reported increase in the incidence of abortion that is induced that have motivated and informed efforts to help women prevent pregnancies that are unintended. The article monitors the trends from sub-regional, area, and global altitudes in abortion prevalence for the 1990 to 2014 period with regards to abortion tariffs in the subdivisions of females. Data concerning abortion was requested from administration agencies and assembled data from intercontinental springs and demonstrative educations conducted nationally. The findings were that the rates of abortion declined as development occurred, and women within the age of 14-44 were involved in abortion. Most cases of abortions occurred to married women in the last four years of the study.
