Your research paper for the “economic policy brief” considers the historical and policy contexts for a specific country. You consider the economic development history and important economic and politi

The C hic a g o M an ual o f S ty le O nli n e

A uth or-D ate: S am ple C it a tio n s

Go t o N ote s a n d B ib lio gr ap h y: Sa mple C it a tio n s

T he f o llo w in g ex am ple s i llu str a te t h e a u th or-d ate s y ste m . E ach e x am ple o f a r e fe re n ce l is t e n tr y i s a cco m pan ie d b y a n

ex am ple o f a c o rre sp on din g in -te x t c it a tio n . F or m ore d eta ils a n d m an y m ore e x am ple s, s e e ch ap te r 1 5 o f T he C hic a go

M an ua l o f S ty le . F or e x am ple s o f t h e s a m e c it a tio n s u sin g th e n ote s a n d b ib lio gr ap h y s y ste m , f o llo w t h e N ote s a n d

B ib lio gr ap h y l in k a b ove .

B ook

R ef er en ce l is t en tr ie s ( in a lp h a betic a l o rd er )

G ra ze r, B ria n , a n d C harle s F is h m an . 2 0 15. A C urio u s M in d : T he S ec re t t o a B ig ger L if e . N ew Y ork : S im on & S ch uste r.

S m it h , Z ad ie . 2 016. S w in g T im e . N ew Y ork : P en gu in P re ss.

In -tex t c it a tio n s

(G ra ze r a n d F is h m an 2 015, 1 2)

(S m it h 2 016, 3 15–1 6)

For m ore e x am ple s, s e e 1 5 .4 0 –45 i n T he C hic a go M an ua l o f S ty le .

C hap te r o r o th er p art o f a n e d it e d b ook

In t h e r e fe re n ce l is t, i n clu de t h e p ag e r a n ge f o r t h e c h ap te r o r p art. I n t h e t e x t, c it e s p eciﬁ c p ag es.

R ef er en ce l is t en tr y

T hore a u , H en ry D av id . 2 016. “ W alk in g.” I n T he M akin g o f t h e A m eric a n E ssa y , e d it e d b y J o h n D ’A gata , 1 67–9 5. M in nea p olis :

G ra y w olf P re ss.

In -tex t c it a tio n

(T hore a u 2 016, 1 77–7 8)

In s o m e c a se s, y o u m ay w an t t o c it e t h e c o lle ctio n a s a w hole i n ste a d .

R ef er en ce l is t en tr y

D ’A gata , J o h n , e d . 2 016. T he M akin g o f t h e A m eric a n E ssa y . M in nea p olis : G ra y w olf P re ss.

In -tex t c it a tio n

(D ’A gata 2 016, 1 77–7 8)

For m ore d eta ils , s e e 1 5.3 6 a n d 1 5.4 2 i n T he C hic a go M an ua l o f S ty le .

T ra n sla te d b ook

R ef er en ce l is t en tr y

L ah ir i, J h um pa. 2 016. I n O th er W ord s . T ra n sla te d b y A nn G old ste in . N ew Y ork : A lf r e d A . K nop f.

I n -tex t c it a tio n

(L ah ir i 2 016, 1 46)

E -b ook

For b ooks c o n su lt e d o n lin e, i n clu de a U RL o r t h e n am e o f t h e d ata b ase i n t h e r e fe re n ce l is t e n tr y . F or o th er t y p es o f e -

b ooks, n am e t h e f o rm at. I f n o ﬁ xed p ag e n um bers a re a v a ila b le , c it e a s e ctio n t it le o r a c h ap te r o r o th er n um ber i n t h e t e x t,

if a n y ( o r s im ply o m it ). Ref er en ce l is t en tr ie s ( in a lp h a betic a l o rd er )

A uste n , J a n e. 2 007. P rid e a n d P re ju dic e . N ew Y ork : P en gu in C la ssic s. K in dle .

B ore l, B ro oke. 2 016. T he C hic a go G uid e t o F a ct- C hec k in g . C hic a g o : U niv e rs it y o f C hic a g o P re ss. P ro Q uest E bra ry .

K urla n d, P hilip B ., a n d R alp h L ern er, e d s. 1 9 87. T he F ou n d ers’ C on stit u tio n . C hic a g o : U niv e rs it y o f C hic a g o P re ss. h tt p :/ / p re ss-

p u bs.u ch ic a g o .e d u/fo u n ders / .

M elv ille , H erm an . 1 851. M ob y-D ic k ; o r, T he W hale . N ew Y ork : H arp er & B ro th ers . h tt p :/ / m el. h ofs tr a .e d u/m ob y-d ic k -th e-

w hale -p ro ofs .h tm l.

I n -tex t c it a tio n s

(A uste n 2 007, c h ap . 3 )

(B ore l 2 016, 9 2)

(K urla n d a n d L ern er 1 987, c h ap . 1 0, d oc. 1 9 )

(M elv ille 1 851, 6 27)

Jo u rn al a rtic le

I n t h e r e fe re n ce l is t, i n clu de t h e p ag e r a n ge f o r t h e w hole a rtic le . I n t h e t e x t, c it e s p eciﬁ c p ag e n um bers . F or a rtic le s

co n su lt e d o n lin e, i n clu de a U RL o r t h e n am e o f t h e d ata b ase i n t h e r e fe re n ce l is t e n tr y . M an y j o u rn al a rtic le s l is t a D O I

(D igi ta l O bje ct I d en tiﬁ er). A D O I f o rm s a p erm an en t U RL t h at b egi ns h tt p s:/ / d oi. o rg /. T his U RL i s p re fe ra b le t o t h e U RL

th at a p p ea rs i n y o u r b ro w se r’s a d d re ss b ar.

R ef er en ce l is t en tr ie s ( in a lp h a betic a l o rd er )

K en g, S h ao -H su n , C hun -H un g L in , a n d P ete r F . O ra ze m . 2 0 17. “ E xp an din g C olle g e A cce ss i n T aiw an , 1 978–2 014: E ﬀ ects o n

G ra d uate Q ualit y a n d I n co m e I n eq u alit y .” Jo u rn al o f H um an C apit a l 1 1, n o. 1 ( S p rin g): 1 –3 4.

htt p s:/ / d oi. o rg /1 0.1 086/6 90235.

LaS alle , P ete r. 2 017. “ C on un dru m : A S to ry a b ou t R ea d in g.” N ew E ngla n d R ev ie w 3 8 ( 1 ): 9 5–1 09. P ro je ct M USE .

Satte rﬁ eld , S u sa n . 2 016. “ L iv y a n d t h e P a x D eu m .” C la ss ic a l P hilo lo g 1 11, n o. 2 ( A pril) : 1 65–7 6.

In -tex t c it a tio n s

(K en g, L in , a n d O ra ze m 2 017, 9 –1 0 )

(L aS alle 2 017, 9 5)

(S atte rﬁ eld 2 016, 1 70)

Jo u rn al a rtic le s o fte n l is t m an y a u th ors , e sp ecia lly i n t h e s c ie n ce s. I f t h ere a re f o u r o r m ore a u th ors , l is t u p t o t e n i n t h e

re fe re n ce l is t; i n t h e t e x t, l is t o n ly t h e ﬁ rs t, f o llo w ed b y et a l . ( “ a n d o th ers ” ). F or m ore t h an t e n a u th ors ( n ot s h ow n h ere ),

lis t t h e ﬁ rs t s e ve n i n t h e r e fe re n ce l is t, f o llo w ed b y et a l.

R efe re n ce l i s t e n tr y

B ay , R ach ael A ., N oah R ose , R ow an B arre tt, L oui s B ern atc h ez, C am ero n K . G hala m bor, J e ss e R . L ask y, R ach el B . B re m ,

Ste p h en R . P alu m bi, a n d P ete r R alp h . 2 0 17. “ P re d ic tin g R esp on se s t o C on te m pora ry E nvir o n m en ta l C han ge U sin g

E vo lu tio n ary R esp on se A rc h it e ctu re s.” A m eric a n N atu ra li s t 1 89, n o. 5 ( M ay ): 4 63–7 3. h tt p s:/ / d oi. o rg /1 0 .1 086/6 91233.

In -tex t c it a tio n

(B ay e t a l. 2 017, 4 65)

For m ore e x am ple s, s e e 1 5 .4 6–4 9 i n T he C hic a go M an ua l o f S ty le .

N ew s o r m aga zin e a rtic le

A rtic le s f r o m n ew sp ap ers o r n ew s s it e s, m ag azin es, b lo gs, a n d t h e l ik e a re c it e d s im ila rly . I n t h e r e fe re n ce l is t, i t c a n b e

h elp fu l t o r e p eat t h e y e a r w it h s o u rc e s t h at a re c it e d a ls o b y m on th a n d d ay . P ag e n um bers , i f a n y, c a n b e c it e d i n t h e t e x t

b u t a re o m it te d f r o m a r e fe re n ce l is t e n tr y . I f y o u c o n su lt e d t h e a rtic le o n lin e, i n clu de a U RL o r t h e n am e o f t h e d ata b ase .

R ef er en ce l is t en tr ie s ( in a lp h a betic a l o rd er ) Man jo o, F arh ad . 2 017. “ S n ap M ak es a B et o n t h e C ult ur al S up re m acy o f t h e C am era .” N ew Y ork T im es , M arc h 8 , 2 017.

htt p s:/ / w ww.n ytim es.c o m /2 017/0 3 /0 8/te ch n olo gy/ sn ap -m ak es-a -b et- o n -th e-c u lt ur al- s up re m acy -o f-th e-c a m era .h tm l.

M ea d , R eb ecca . 2 017. “ T he P ro ph et o f D ysto pia .” N ew Y ork er , A pril 1 7, 2 017.

Pai, T an ya . 2 017. “ T he S qu is h y, S u gary H is to ry o f P eep s.” V ox , A pril 1 1, 2 017.

htt p :/ / w ww.v o x.c o m /c u lt u re / 2 017 /4 /1 1/1 5209084/p eep s-e a ste r.

P eg o ra ro , R ob . 2 007. “ A pple ’s i P hon e I s S le ek , S m art a n d S im ple .” W ash in gto n P ost , J u ly 5 , 2 007. L ex is N ex is A ca d em ic .

In -tex t c it a tio n

(M an jo o 2 017)

(M ea d 2 017, 4 3)

(P ai 2 017)

(P eg o ra ro 2 007)

R ea d ers ’ c o m men ts a re c it e d i n t h e t e x t b u t o m it te d f r o m a r e fe re n ce l is t.

I n -tex t c it a tio n

(E duard o B [ L os A ngele s], M arc h 9 , 2 0 17, c o m men t o n M an jo o 2 0 17)

For m ore e x am ple s, s e e 1 5 .49 ( n ew sp ap ers a n d m ag azin es) a n d 1 5 .5 1 ( b lo gs) i n T he C hic a go M an ua l o f S ty le .

B ook r e v ie w

R ef er en ce l is t en tr y

K ak u ta n i, M ic h ik o . 2 016. “ F rie n dsh ip T ak es a P ath T hat D iv e rg es.” R evie w o f S w in g T im e , b y Z ad ie S m it h . N ew Y ork T im es ,

N ove m ber 7 , 2 016.

In -tex t c it a tio n

(K ak u ta n i 2 016)

In te rv ie w

R ef er en ce l is t en tr y

S ta m per, K ory . 2 017. “ F ro m ‘ F B om b’ t o ‘ P hoto b om b,’ H ow t h e D ic tio n ary K eep s U p w it h E nglis h .” I n te rv ie w b y T erry G ro ss.

F re sh A ir , N PR , A pril 1 9, 2 017. A ud io , 3 5:2 5. h tt p :/ / w ww.n pr.o rg /2 0 17/0 4/1 9/5 24618639/fr o m -f -b om b-to -p h oto b om b-

how -th e-d ic tio n ary -k eep s-u p -w it h -e n glis h .

In -tex t c it a tio n

(S ta m per 2 017)

T hesis o r d is s e rta tio n

R ef er en ce l is t en tr y

R utz , C yn th ia L illia n . 2 013. “ K in g L ea r a n d I ts F olk ta le A nalo gu es.” P hD d is s., U niv e rs it y o f C hic a g o .

In -tex t c it a tio n

(R utz 2 013, 9 9–1 00)

W eb sit e co nte n t

It i s o fte n s u ﬃc ie n t s im ply t o d esc rib e w eb p ag es a n d o th er w eb sit e c o n te n t i n t h e t e x t ( “ A s o f M ay 1 , 2 017, Y ale ’s h om e

pag e l is te d . . . ” ). I f a m ore f o rm al c it a tio n i s n eed ed , i t m ay b e s ty le d l ik e t h e e x am ple s b elo w . F or a s o u rc e t h at d oes n ot

lis t a d ate o f p u blic a tio n o r r e vis io n , u se n .d . ( f o r “ n o d ate ” ) i n p la ce o f t h e y e a r a n d i n clu de a n a cce ss d ate .

R ef er en ce l is t en tr ie s ( in a lp h a betic a l o rd er ) The Chicago Manual of Style 17th edition text © 2017 by The University of Chicago . The Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition text © 2010 b y The University of Chicago . The Chicago

Bou m an , K atie . 2 016. “ H ow t o T ak e a P ic tur e o f a B la ck H ole .” F ilm ed N ove m ber 2 016 a t T ED xB ea co n Str e et, B ro oklin e, M A.

Vd eo , 1 2:5 1. h tt p s:/ / w ww.t e d .c o m /ta lk s/ k ate _b ou m an _w hat_ d oes_a _b la ck _h ole _lo ok_lk e.

G oogle . 2 017. “ P riv a cy P olic y .” P riv a cy & T erm s. L ast m od iﬁ ed A pril 1 7, 2 017. h tt p s:/ / w ww.g o ogle .c o m /p olic ie s/ p riv a cy/ .

Y ale U niv e rs it y . n .d . “ A bou t Y ale : Y ale F acts .” A cc e ss e d M ay 1 , 2 0 17. h tt p s:/ / w ww.y a le .e d u/ ab out -y a le / ya le -fa cts .

In -tex t c it a tio n s

(B ou m an 2 016)

(G oogle 2 017)

(Y ale U niv e rs it y , n .d .)

F or m ore e x am ple s, s e e 1 5 .5 0–5 2 i n T he C hic a go M an ua l o f S ty le . F or m ult im ed ia , i n clu d in g li v e p erfo rm an ce s, s e e

1 5 .5 7 .

So ci al m ed ia co nte n t

C it a tio n s o f c o n te n t s h are d t h ro u gh s o cia l m ed ia c a n u su ally b e l im it e d t o t h e t e x t ( a s i n t h e ﬁ rs t e x am ple b elo w ). I f a m ore

fo rm al c it a tio n i s n eed ed , a r e fe re n ce l is t e n tr y m ay b e a p pro pria te . I n p la ce o f a t it le , q u ote u p t o t h e ﬁ rs t 1 60 c h ara cte rs

o f t h e p ost. C om men ts a re c it e d i n r e fe re n ce t o t h e o rigi nal p ost.

T ex t

Con an O ’B rie n ’s t w eet w as c h ara cte ris tic a lly d ea d pan : “ In h on or o f E arth D ay , I ’m r e cy clin g m y t w eets ” ( @ Con an O Brie n , A pril

2 2, 2 015).

R ef er en ce l is t en tr ie s ( in a lp h a betic a l o rd er )

C hic a g o M an ual o f S ty le . 2 015. “ Is t h e w orld r e a d y f o r s in gu la r t h ey? W e t h ou gh t s o b ack i n 1 993.” F ace b ook, A pril 1 7, 2 015.

htt p s:/ / w ww.f a ce b ook.c o m /C hic a g o M an ua l/ p osts / 1 0152906193679151.

Sou za , P ete ( @ pete so u za ). 2 016. “ P re sid en t O bam a b id s f a re w ell t o P re sid en t X i o f C hin a a t t h e c o n clu sio n o f t h e N ucle a r

S ecu rit y S u m mit .” I n sta g ra m p h oto , A pril 1 , 2 0 16. h tt p s:/ / w ww.in sta g ra m .c o m /p / B D rm fX TtN Ct/ .

In -tex t c it a tio n s

(C hic a g o M an ual o f S ty le 2 015)

(S ou za 2 016)

(M ic h ele T ru ty , A pril 1 7, 2 015, 1 :0 9 p .m ., c o m men t o n C hic a g o M an ual o f S ty le 2 015)

P ers o n al co mmun ica tio n

Pers o n al c o m mun ic a tio n s, i n clu d in g em ail a n d t e x t m essa g es a n d d ir e ct m essa g es s e n t t h ro u gh s o cia l m ed ia , a re u su ally

c it e d i n t h e t e x t o n ly ; t h ey a re r a re ly i n clu ded i n a r e fe re n ce l is t.

I n -tex t c it a tio n

(S am G om ez, F ace b ook m essa g e t o a ut hor, A ugu st 1 , 2 0 17)