Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the "Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1" document to organize your essay. Successful completion o
Literature Evaluation Table
Student Name:
Summary of Clinical Issue
Some women make it look so easy while breastfeeding their infants. However, many think it is tough to do it. The fact of the matter is breastfeeding is hard, and it’s like another job in itself, which does not come automatically for mothers who have just given birth. It is challenging for some women to keep up with the diet to maintain the flow of the milk and the type of food that will not react with the baby. For many reasons, this literature evaluation paper seeks to explore how breastfeeding women can improve the milk supply, as it is healthy for the baby and the mother. The PICOT question thus addressed is, “How does prenatal education impact a mother’s decision to initiate breastfeeding?” Pregnant women were chosen as the population of interest because upon giving birth, a woman decided to breastfeed or use formula milk. Prenatal breastfeeding education was the chosen intervention. That is because it is essential to educate pregnant women before giving birth so that better outcomes are expected after delivery in terms of how to breastfeed. The comparison that was chosen is women who received no education with those that were educated. They say the only key to success is education (Meedya et al., 2015). A person being better on a specific topic is defined by how knowledgeable she is. The outcome is the breastfeeding rate versus feeding formula.
PICOT Question:
P: in pregnant women, I: does Prenatal breastfeeding education, C: Formal prenatal breastfeeding education versus informal individual research or no education, O: Increase the breastfeeding Initiation Rate, initiation rate, T, over 3-month period before childbirth?
| Criteria | Article 1 | Article 2 | Article 3 |
| APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink | Meedya, S., Fahy, K., Parratt, J., & Yoxall, J. (2015). Supporting women to achieve breastfeeding to six months postpartum–The theoretical foundations of a successful program. Women and Birth, 28(4), 265-271. | Schreck, P. K., Solem, K., Wright, T., Schulte, C., Ronnisch, K. J., & Szpunar, S. (2017). Both prenatal and postnatal interventions are needed to improve breastfeeding outcomes in a low-income population. Breastfeeding Medicine, 12(3), 142-148. | Pitts, A., Faucher, M. A., & Spencer, R. (2015). Incorporating breastfeeding education into prenatal care. Breastfeeding Medicine, 10(2), 118-123. |
| How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question? | Postpartum breastfeeding education enhances an increase in breastfeeding rate and affirms a long duration of breastfeeding. | Healthcare-based prenatal and postpartum education has an impact on the rate of breastfeeding among women. The breastfeeding education equips mothers with information for a successful long duration of breastfeeding. | Technology is an essential source of information on breastfeeding for mothers to learn ways increasing breastfeeding rate and the importance of breastfeeding. |
| Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?) | Qualitative research. The study applies a theoretical mode of study. | Qualitative method. Researchers collected data using chart review and telephone survey. | Qualitative method. The research method employed involved three breastfeeding modules for women at the 32-, 34-, and 36-week prenatal access via customized computer tablets. |
| Purpose Statement | The paper aimed to demonstrate that theories of the Milky Way program introduced in Australia affirmed women’s long-term breastfeeding success. | The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of healthcare-based prenatal and postnatal breastfeeding approaches on breastfeeding beginning and continuation rates in low-income society. A health facility-based breastfeeding support group and prenatal breastfeeding informative curriculum were the adopted approaches. | Researchers used women aware of breastfeeding education to assess the effectiveness of individual, recurrent, and technology-based antenatal education program. |
| Research Question | Can Milky Way Program be enhanced by birth territory and self-efficacy theories as theoretical framework? | Does prenatal education and hospital-based breastfeeding support improve breastfeeding outcomes? | Can women learn how to breastfeed via tablet methodology. |
| Outcome | Environment and woman’s own power determines the duration of breastfeeding. | Participation in interventions didn't influence the rate, at which women reported meeting their breastfeeding objectives. | The outcomes affirm that pre-birth breastfeeding education, in the workplace setting, is very much acknowledged by women. |
| Setting (Where did the study take place?) | Escambia County Hospital | Prenatal clinic | Obstetrical practice in the northeast United States |
| Sample | The participants of the study entailed a group of Women’s Group clinic (n=20) | The study employs Birth territory theory as a participant. | The study involved a total of 33 women. |
| Method | Descriptive | Descriptive | Descriptive |
| Key Findings of the Study | The research findings indicated that 8 participants out or 20 had completed their questionnaires (3 from CG and five from EG). All five mothers from EG opted to continue with breastfeeding. Three mothers from CG chose to breastfeed after delivery; however, one participant had to discontinue after two weeks. | The study indicates that strategies based on self-efficacy are useful; however, they are insufficient to promote breastfeeding for six months. | The project findings reported that women successfully benefited from breastfeeding content via the tablet approach. |
| Recommendations of the Researcher | Analysts suggest that health experts support their own awareness of the outside force working between the woman and her support individuals. | To support breastfeeding continuation, researchers suggest healthcare providers to continue providing pre- and post-natal education. | The success of breastfeeding program requires further evaluation to determine its effectiveness. |
| Criteria | Article 4 | Article 5 | Article 6 |
| APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink | Stokes, L. O. (2019). Prenatal Education and Postpartum Support: Influence on Maternal Self-Efficacy and Breastfeeding Rates. | Vural, F., & Vural, B. (2017). The effect of prenatal and postnatal education on exclusive breastfeeding rates. Minerva pediatrica, 69(1), 22. | Khanal, V., Lee, A. H., Karkee, R., & Binns, C. W. (2015). Postpartum breastfeeding promotion and duration of exclusive breastfeeding in western Nepal. Birth, 42(4), 329-336. |
| How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question? | Breastfeeding education availability helps in creating awareness on the benefits of breastfeeding hence increasing the rate with which women breastfeed. | The increase of pregnant women developing breastfeeding education through antenatal and postnatal counselling increases the breastfeeding duration. | The significance of the research to PICOT topic is that skilled healthcare experts on breastfeeding expertise are a significant milestone towards increasing breastfeeding rate in women and long duration of breastfeeding. |
| Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?) | The QI project employed a quantitative descriptive design | The study used a quantitative design to analyze and interpret data. | Quantitative method. Researchers used a multivariable cox regression method to determine the link between breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding. |
| Purpose Statement | The objective of the QI project was to avail informative education during the prenatal period and telephonic postpartum help to increase maternal self-efficacy and EBF rates at postpartum. | The research aimed to find out whether the rates of EBF until six months postpartum increased from individual postnatal support to antenatal group counselling. | The research aimed to find out whether breastfeeding education provided by nurses increased the duration of continuous breastfeeding in Western Nepal. |
| Research Question | Does breastfeeding rates and maternal self-efficacy influenced by education and postpartum support? | Do the rates of EBF increase by providing counselling to antenatal group? | Is there a difference between exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding promotion? |
| Outcome | Maternal self-efficacy did improve after the intervention as evidenced through the pre-and post-survey scores. | The outcomes of the research demonstrated that pregnancy counseling increases the frequency of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers. | The article shows that the duration of breastfeeding would increase when pregnant women are given education immediately after giving birth. |
| Setting (Where did the study take place?) | Different maternity clinics | Antenatal breastfeeding education sessions | In Rupandehi district of Nepal |
| Sample | The project involved one participant. | A total of 240 women participants | A total of 649 mothers. |
| Method | Descriptive | Descriptive | Descriptive |
| Key Findings of the Study | The study findings indicated that research fails to support prenatal breastfeeding postpartum education assistance employed in combination to boost maternal self-efficacy and breastfeeding rates. | There was a significant increase in EBF rates in groups provided with personal-oriented support compared to single antenatal education at six months. | The period of breastfeeding increased to women who were given assistance immediately after childbirth and breastfeeding training. |
| Recommendations of the Researcher | Future research should focus on educating and training pregnant teens through programs on breastfeeding. | To increase breastfeeding initiation and continuation, researchers recommends healthcare workers to provide adequate support and encouragement for breastfeeding mothers. | Researchers suggest that all skilled birth attendants should bring awareness and promotion of breastfeeding in all maternity centers. |
References
Khanal, Vishnu, Andy H. Lee, Rajendra Karkee, and Colin W. Binns. "Postpartum breastfeeding promotion and duration of exclusive breastfeeding in western Nepal." Birth 42, no. 4 (2015): 329-336. From: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/birt.12184#:~:text=taught%20breastfeeding%20skills.-,Breastfeeding%20Promotion%20and%20Duration%20of%20Exclusive%20Breastfeeding,8.4%20percent%20at%20sixth%20month.
Meedya, S., Fahy, K., Parratt, J., & Yoxall, J. (2015). Supporting women to achieve breastfeeding to six months postpartum–The theoretical foundations of a successful program. Women and Birth, 28(4), 265-271. From https://www.academia.edu/21851459/Supporting_women_to_achieve_breastfeeding_to_six_months_postpartum_The_theoretical_foundations_of_a_successful_program
Pitts, A., Faucher, M. A., & Spencer, R. (2015). Incorporating breastfeeding education into prenatal care. Breastfeeding Medicine, 10(2), 118-123. From: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25565242/
Schreck, P. K., Solem, K., Wright, T., Schulte, C., Ronnisch, K. J., & Szpunar, S. (2017). Both prenatal and postnatal interventions are needed to improve breastfeeding outcomes in a low-income population. Breastfeeding Medicine, 12(3), 142-148. From: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/bfm.2016.0131
Stokes, L. O. (2019). Prenatal Education and Postpartum Support: Influence on Maternal Self-Efficacy and Breastfeeding Rates. From: https://search.proquest.com/openview/9f0210ed3a96f56e7d04c7cb3b07a271/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Vural, F., & Vural, B. (2017). The effect of prenatal and postnatal education on exclusive breastfeeding rates. Minerva pediatrica, 69(1), 22. From: https://europepmc.org/article/med/28102653
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