Suppose you had frequency counts of sparrows, starlings, swans, swallows, sandpipers, and sapsuckers. The appropriate graph for such data would be a a. bar graph; b. histogram; c. frequency p
QUESTION 1
Suppose you had frequency counts of sparrows, starlings, swans, swallows, sandpipers, and sapsuckers. The appropriate graph for such data would be a
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| a. | bar graph; |
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| b. | histogram; |
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| c. | frequency polygon; |
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| d. | line graph. |
5 points
QUESTION 2
A distribution with two separated peaks is a distribution; one that is normal is a ______ distribution.
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| bimodal; rectangular; | |
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| rectangular; bimodal; | |
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| bimodal; bell-shaped; | |
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| rectangular; bell-shaped. |
5 points
QUESTION 3
Which of the following was listed as a requirement for a fairly complete understanding of a distribution?
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| Variability | |
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| Form | |
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| Central Tendency | |
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| All of the other alternatives |
5 points
QUESTION 4
From all the employees in a company, a small group was selected to participate in a study of employee satisfaction. The results of the study were to be used to make decisions about all the employees of the company. On one measure the following summary numbers were obtained: ΣΧ = 30, ΣΧ2 = 350, N = 12. Calculate the appropriate standard deviation.
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| 22.92 | |
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| 4.79 | |
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| ||
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| None of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 5
The measure of central tendency that is not presented in a boxplot is the
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| a. | mean |
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| b. | median |
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| c. | mode |
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| d. | all of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 6
Quantification is the idea that
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| a. | all things can be counted; |
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| b. | all physical things can be counted; |
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| c. | the numerical representation of a phenomenon gives the most important picture; |
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| d. | a phenomenon can be better understood if its important parts are expressed as numbers. |
5 points
QUESTION 7
When the correlation coefficient is zero, the points on the scatter plot
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| a. | appear to fall directly on the regression line; |
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| b. | appear to fall closely around the regression line; |
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| c. | appear to be randomly scattered on the graph; |
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| d. | cannot be plotted. |
5 points
QUESTION 8
A Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient can be used to express the degree of relationship for which situation(s) below?
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| a. | A little anxiety produces poor results, a moderate amount produces good results, and a high level of anxiety produces poor results. |
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| b. | Early in training each trial helps only a little, but as training progresses, each trial causes a larger and larger gain. |
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| c. | For every extra year of growth in a pine forest, you can expect an increase of 10,000 board feet. |
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| d. | All of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 9
The coefficient of determination allows you to
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| a. | determine two points on the regression line; |
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| b. | predict Y scores if you are given X scores; |
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| c. | predict X scores if you are given Y scores; |
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| d. | none of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 10
Which of the following is a theoretical distribution?
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| a. | Your statistics professor flipped a coin 10,000 times recording the number of heads and tails. |
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| b. | The price of every house sold in the last five years in Hampden County was obtained from courthouse records. |
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| c. | The number of persons who arrived late was recorded every time a statistics course met during the semester. |
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| d. | None of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 11
The advantage of calculating z scores is that
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| a. | they allow you to know the sample mean; |
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| b. | they allow you to know the sample standard deviation; |
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| c. | they allow you to compare scores that come from different distributions; |
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| d. | none of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 12
The issue of the amount of difference between a population with an unknown mean (which you sample from) and a null hypothesis population (µ0 = 8) is the issue of
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| a. | hypothesis testing or confidence intervals; |
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| b. | Type I and Type II errors;
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| c. | .05 or .01 α level; |
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| d. | effect size. |
5 points
QUESTION 13
The choice of an alternative hypothesis has an effect on
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| a. | conclusions you may draw;
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| b. | α level; |
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| c. | which null hypothesis you are testing; |
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| d. | all of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 14
Using the statistic p and null hypothesis significance testing, you can
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| a. | say whether the population sampled from is different from the null hypothesis population;
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| b. | tell the probability that the null hypothesis is true;
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| c. | determine the degree of separation between the sampled population and the null hypothesis population;
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| d. | determine the degree of truth of falsity of the Central Limit Theorem for a data set. |
5 points
QUESTION 15
An experimenter found sample means of 12 and 16. A test on 9 df gave a t value of 5.61. The design
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| a. | was a paired-samples one;
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| b. | was an independent-samples one; |
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| c. | could have been either design; more information is needed. |
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| d. | Was a sample |
5 points
QUESTION 16
This question requires careful thinking. The logic of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) involves assuming that
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| a. | two populations have equal means and then using sample data to conclude that they are probably equal; |
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| b. | two populations have unequal means and then using sample data to conclude that they are probably unequal; |
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| c. | two populations have equal means and then using sample data to conclude that they are probably unequal; |
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| d. | two populations have unequal means and then using sample data to conclude that they are probably equal. |
5 points
QUESTION 17
If you have a paired-samples design, you can be sure that
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| a. | a Type I error is not possible;
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| b. | a Type II error is not possible; |
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| c. | a confidence interval is not appropriate; |
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| d. | there is a logical reason to pair the scores in the two groups. |
5 points
QUESTION 18
In an independent samples design, the Dog's mean was 54.0 and the Cat's mean was 53.9. Larger scores are better. A t value of 2.50 was calculated and an α level of .05 adopted. Which conclusion is appropriate with a 2-tailed test?
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| a. | If df = 5, Dogs are significantly better than Cats. |
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| b. | If df = 4, Cats are significantly better than Dogs. |
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| c. | If df = 10, Dogs are significantly better than Cats. |
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| d. | If df = 8, Cats are significantly better than Dogs. |
5 points
QUESTION 19
. In statistics, a researcher may find that a difference between means could not reasonably be attributed to chance. In statistics, such a difference is clearly
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| a. | significant; |
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| b. | important; |
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| c. | both of the descriptive alternatives are correct; |
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| d. | neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 20
The null hypothesis tested by ANOVA is that
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| a. | all samples have the same mean; |
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| b. | each sample is drawn from a different population; |
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| c. | the populations from which the samples are drawn have the same mean; |
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| d. | one or more of the populations from which the samples are drawn has a mean different from the others. |
5 points
QUESTION 21
A group of 36 subjects was equally divided into 3 groups. A Tukey HSD produced a value that led to the conclusion that Mean 1 was significantly larger than Mean 2, p < .05. Which of the following situations would lead to such a conclusion?
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| a. | = 9, = 2, MSerror = 50; |
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| b. | = 24, = 14, MSerror = 84; |
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| c. | both of the descriptive alternatives are correct;
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| d. | neither of the descriptive alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 22
Which of the alternatives below describes a situation for which ANOVA would not be appropriate?
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| a. | the three population means are different; |
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| b. | the three population variances are very large; |
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| c. | one population variance is large, one small; |
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| d. | all of the descriptive alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 23
Consider a factorial ANOVA that analyzes self-esteem scores. Three different ages participate: 20 year-olds, 40 year-olds, and 60 year-olds. In addition, each age group is divided into those who have above a median income and those who have below a median income. The researchers concluded that the differences in self-esteem scores of the different age groups did not depend on a person's income. The summary table for the factorial ANOVA would certainly show that there was
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| a. | no main effect for age;
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| b. | no main effect for income;
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| c. | no interaction; |
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| d. | all of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 24
To find expected frequencies in a test of independence,
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| a. | begin by assuming that the categories are independent;
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| b. | use predictions based on a theory; |
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| c. | begin by assuming that the categories of events are related in some way; |
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| d. | none of the other alternatives are correct. |
5 points
QUESTION 25
Analysis on the data and find a chi square value smaller than the tabled value. Your analysis supports the idea that the two variables
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| a. | are independent; |
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| b. | are not independent; |
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| c. | either of the descriptive alternatives are correct, depending whether the calculated value is significantly smaller than the tabled value. |
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| d. | Are paired-data |
5 points
QUESTION 26
When chi square analyses are performed on data with small expected frequencies,
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| a. | a Type I error is very likely; |
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| b. | a Type II error is very likely; |
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| c. | both of the descriptive alternatives are correct; |
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| d. | neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct |
5 points
QUESTION 27
A hypothesis test that rho is zero is conducted at the 5% level of significance. If Spearman's (rho) is 0.86 for a sample of 15 observations, what is the computed value of the t statistic?
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| a. |
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| b. |
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| c. |
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| d. | . 2.16 |
5 points
QUESTION 28
A personnel manager is concerned about absenteeism. She decides to sample employee records to determine if absenteeism is distributed evenly throughout the six-day workweek. The null hypothesis is: Absenteeism is distributed evenly throughout the week. The 0.01 level is to be used. The sample results are:
Day of the week Number of Employee
Monday 12
Tuesday 9
Wednesday 11
Thursday 10
Friday 9
Saturday 9
What is the critical value of chi-square with α = 0.05?
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| a. | 11.070 |
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| b. | 12.592 |
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| c. | 13.388 |
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| d. | 15.033 |
5 points
QUESTION 29
In an ANOVA problem involving three treatments and 12 observations per treatment, SSE = 297. The MSE for this scenario is _____.
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| a. | 99 |
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| b. | 33 |
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| c. | 19.8 |
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| d. |
5 points
QUESTION 30
For a null hypothesis, H0: µ = 4,000, if the 1% level of significance is used and the z-test statistic is +6.00, what is our decision regarding the null hypothesis?
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| a. |
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| b. |
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| c. |
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| d. | None Apply. |
