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Part A: Vigenere Cipher

Part B: Caesar Cipher: A Brute Force Approach

Part C: Hill Cipher

Part A: The Vigenere Cipher

Given the following standard Vigenere square/table and the keyword CEIS, encrypt the message THE SKY IS FALLING (no spaces). Explain in words the steps taken to produce the cipher text. Afterward, reverse the process and decrypt the cipher text back to the plain text. Again explain in words the steps followed to produce the plain text. Be precise!

(See the next page for the Vigenere square/table).

Part B: Caesar Cipher: A Brute Force Approach

Given the Caesar cipher output wzgp xp ezytrse, what is the plaintext message? Start with the first possible key (a>b), then the second possible key (a>c), the third possible key (a>d), and so on until you reach a plaintext that is easily recognizable. You may stop there! Hint: This needs to be done by hand; no calculators, please. Show your work fully!

Part C: Hill Cipher

Given the key displayed below 4x4 key. Pick a plain text message (three words, no spaces; meetmetonight, for example—or use something else!), go through the detailed steps of the Hill cipher explained in the textbook (Chapter 2 and any supporting material), and encrypt it. Then reverse the encryption (again in a detailed, step-by-step fashion) and recover the plaintext.

Here is the key matrix:

8 6 9 5

6 9 5 10

5 8 4 9

10 6 11 4