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Description	This Exam is to test your knowledge about the different types of methods used in research. These methods include elements of quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, and single-subject methods and analysis.
Instructions	Your Exam will consist of 25 randomly-selected multiple-choice questions. You can take this exam up to three times (you can take it only once or twice if you are satisfied with your score). Each iteration of the exam will be randomized (i.e., the first exam will not look exactly like the previous exam). Your last exam submitted by the due date will be your final score (i.e., it is not your highest or the average, but rather the last attempt).
Multiple Attempts	This test allows 3 attempts. This is attempt number 1.
Force Completion	This test can be saved and resumed later.

Question Completion Status:

QUESTION 1

A researcher is doing a study on high school athletes and moral development. During the study, the football team throws a party to celebrate a great victory. The school principal receives a call the next day that several football players were intoxicated, and a female student was sexually assaulted. This event should be identified as a:

	a.	Standardized variable
	b.	Confounding variable
	c.	Independent variable
	d.	Dependent variable

2 points

QUESTION 2

Hypothesis testing may be defined as:

	a.	Subjective
	b.	Systematic and logical collection and analysis of data
	c.	Direct observations of a phenomena
	d.	Moving from specific to general

2 points

QUESTION 3

When a researcher wishes to know how a set of participants changed over time or across repeated measures of a construct, the method that is conducted is:

	a.	Qualitative Design
	b.	Mixed Method Design
	c.	Quantitative Design
	d.	Single-Case Research Design

2 points

QUESTION 4

Dr. Sunshine has 12 students in her class. She has given a test and is evaluating the performance of her class. The exam is worth 50 points. Eleven of the students scored between 45 and 50. One student scored 12. The best measure for Dr. Sunshine to get an idea related to the performance of the class is the:

	a.	Median
	b.	Variance
	c.	Mode
	d.	Mean

2 points

QUESTION 5

Participants in a sample must be:

	a.	Numerous
	b.	Convenient
	c.	Representative
	d.	Easily obtained

2 points

QUESTION 6

Sex and ethnicity are examples of:

	a.	Continuous variables
	b.	Social variables
	c.	Scientific variables
	d.	Discrete variables

2 points

QUESTION 7

Studies conducted to understand changes over time, in particular, populations or differences in respondents who share specific qualities are:

	a.	Panel studies
	b.	Trend studies
	c.	Survey and longitudinal studies
	d.	Cohort studies

2 points

QUESTION 8

In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores is above the mean?

	a.	50%
	b.	95%
	c.	68%
	d.	99%

2 points

QUESTION 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a statistical hypothesis?

	a.	Contains an alternative hypothesis
	b.	Provides evidence
	c.	Proves the research question
	d.	Contains a null hypothesis

2 points

QUESTION 10

An example of a research approach that assesses change after the treatment or intervention is over is:

	a.	Experimental Design
	b.	A-B-A Design
	c.	Correlational Design
	d.	Phenomenology

2 points

QUESTION 11

A study that moves from general to specific is:

	a.	Inductive
	b.	Historical
	c.	Qualitative
	d.	Deductive

2 points

QUESTION 12

Which of the following is not a way of collecting qualitative data?

	a.	Interview
	b.	All may be used to collect qualitative data
	c.	Observation
	d.	Survey

2 points

QUESTION 13

A perfect correlation is denoted by:

	a.	+1.0 and -1.0
	b.	.50
	c.	+1.00
	d.	-1.00

2 points

QUESTION 14

Scores that differ markedly from the rest of the sample are known as:

	a.	Outliers
	b.	Confounding variables
	c.	T-scores
	d.	Z-scores

2 points

QUESTION 15

A colleague has been tutoring six students in 11th grade to prepare for the ACT. This colleague has asked you to evaluate the performance of his students. Student scores were as follows: 20, 18, 16, 15, 23, 20. The mode of the ACT scores is:

	a.	18
	b.	19
	c.	17
	d.	20

2 points

QUESTION 16

______________ assesses the consistency of results across items within a test.

	a.	Face validity
	b.	Experimental design
	c.	ANOVA
	d.	Internal reliability

2 points

QUESTION 17

Qualitative research is most often:

	a.	Opinionated
	b.	Deductive
	c.	Irrelevant
	d.	Inductive

2 points

QUESTION 18

A researcher is conducting research on using technology in teaching. The researcher has two groups. The first group receives instruction via a PowerPoint presentation that is online. The second group attends a class and receives instruction from a teacher face to face. The researcher classifies the students based on when they volunteer for the study. The first 50 students who volunteer receive online instruction. The next 50 receive instruction by attending a class with a teacher. With respect to this study, we could identify that:

	a.	This study is good because we have minimized sampling error.
	b.	This study is good due to the equal sample size in each group.
	c.	This study is poor because the researcher did not use random sampling.
	d.	This study is poor because the researcher used random sampling.

2 points

QUESTION 19

A quantitative research design that does not manipulate an independent variable is called:

	a.	Ethnography
	b.	Experimental Design
	c.	Correlational Design
	d.	Grounded Theory

2 points

QUESTION 20

Which of the following is a research design that allows researchers to provide more information about the participants and potentially provide a more meaningful study?

	a.	Mixed Method
	b.	Qualitative Method
	c.	Single-Subject Method
	d.	Quantitative Method

2 points

QUESTION 21

The method identifying themes relevant to qualitative data that is collected is called:

	a.	Theory
	b.	Coding
	c.	Trustworthiness
	d.	Criticism

2 points

QUESTION 22

A researcher is conducting research on using technology in teaching. The researcher has two groups. The first group receives instruction via a PowerPoint presentation that is online. The second group attends a class and receives instruction from a teacher face to face. The researcher classifies the students based on when they volunteer for the study. The first 50 students who volunteer receive online instruction. The next 50 receive instruction by attending a class with a teacher. The type of instruction the student receives is the:

	a.	Independent variable
	b.	Standardized variable
	c.	Dependent variable
	d.	Confounding variable

2 points

QUESTION 23

You are conducting research on the effects of exercise on individuals with poor social skills. You indicate that you believe people who become actively involved with an exercise program will show higher levels of socialization. This is an example of:

	a.	A nonparametric hypothesis
	b.	A null hypothesis
	c.	An alternative hypothesis
	d.	A scientific hypothesis

2 points

QUESTION 24

A colleague has been tutoring six students in 11th grade to prepare for the ACT. This colleague has asked you to evaluate the performance of his students. Student scores were as follows: 20, 18, 16, 15, 23, 20. The mean of the ACT scores is:

	a.	19
	b.	17
	c.	20
	d.	18

2 points

QUESTION 25

The goal of qualitative research is:

	a.	Generalizations to a group
	b.	Transferability
	c.	The collection of statistically reliable data
	d.	None of the these answers

2 points

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