100 words history paper. Details in the files attached

1 Bill of Rights of the Workers Source: Thomas M. Edsall, “Argentine History Sourcebook ”, http://edsall - historypage.org/html/workers_bill.html Proclaimed by His Excellency the President of the Argentine Republic, General Juan Perón, at Buenos Aires, on February 24th, 1947 The President of the Argentine Republic, true interpreter of the aspiration for social justice cherished by the peoples, and bearing in mind that the rights deriving from work, as also the individual liberties, constitute the natural, inalienable , and imprescriptible attributes of human beings, and that if these rights are ignored or injured they re sult in social antagonisms, struggles and unrest, considers it necessary and advisable to state them in an express declaration, so that, in the present and in the future, this declaration may serve as a rule to guide the action of individuals and public po wers tending to raise the standard of social culture, to dignify labor and to humanize capital as the best means of establishing a balance among the concurrent forces of economy and to strengthen, in a new juridical organization, the principles which inspi re social legislation. For all these reasons, and in accordance with the preceding aims and purposes, he solemnly sets forth the following. -I- THE RIGHT TO WORK Work is the indispensable means to satisfy the spiritual and material needs of the indivi dual and their community, the cause of all the conquests of civilization and the foundation of general prosperity; therefore, the right of work must be protected by society, which must consider it with the dignity it deserves and must provide employment to all those in need of it. -II- THE RIGHT TO A FAIR RENUMERATION Wealth, income and interest of capital being the exclusive outcome of human labour, the community must organize and reactivate the sources of production in such a manner as to make possible and ensure for the worker a moral and material remuneration which not only satisfies his vital needs but also compensates for the results obtained and the efforts carried out. -III - THE RIGHT TO CAPACITATION The improvement of human condition and the pr eeminence of spiritual values impose the necessity of promoting the raising of the standard of culture and professional capability, endeavouring that all minds must be guided towards every field of knowledge; society must stimulate the individual effort pr oviding the means by which, afforded the same opportunities, any individual may exercise his right to learn and perfect himself. 2 -IV - THE RIGHT TO APPROPIATE WORKING CONDITIONS From the considerations due to the human being, the importance of work as a s ocial function, and the mutual respect among the concurrent factors of production, arises the rights of individuals to demand fair and appropriate conditions for the development of their activities and the obligation of society to watch over the strict obs ervance of the precepts under which these conditions have been established and regulated. -V- THE RIGHT TO THE PRESERVATION OF HEALTH The care of the physical and moral health of individuals must be one of society’s principal and constant concerns. Soci ety must see to it that the working regimes meet the necessary requirements of safety and hygiene, that they do not exceed the normal possibilities of human effort, and that they afford due periods for rest for recovery. -VI - THE RIGHT TO WELFARE The righ t of workers to welfare, which may be summed up in the possibilities to obtain adequate dwelling, clothing and food, and to satisfy their own needs and those of their families without undue distress, so that they may work with pleasure, rest without worry, and enjoy in moderation spiritual and material expansions, imposes the social obligation of raising the standard of living and of work by means of the direct and indirect resources allowed by economic development. -VII - THE RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY The r ight of individuals to protection in cases of decrease, discontinuance or loss of their working capacity, imposes upon society the obligation of taking into its charge, unilaterally, the corresponding measures of compensation or of promoting systems of obl igatory mutual aid, destined, both of them, to cover or to supplement the insufficiencies or inabilities proper to certain periods of life or those resulting from misfortunes arising from eventual risks. -VIII - THE RIGHT TO THE PROTECTION OF HIS FAMILY The protection of the family is born from a natural feeling of the individual, since the family is the source of his highest sentiments of affection, and any effort tending to ensure its welfare must be encouraged and stimulated by the community as the most favourable means of achieving the improvement of mankind and the consolidation of the spiritual and moral principles which are the very essence of social relationship. -IX - THE RIGHT TO BETTER ECONOMIC CONDITIONS Productive capacity and man’s ambition to surpass himself find a natural incentive in the possibility of improving economic conditions, hence, society must support and encourage any individual initiative tending to achieve this aim, and stimulate the formation and utilization of capitals insofar as they constitute active elements of production and 3 contribute to general prosperity. -X- THE RIGHT TO THE DEFENCE OF PROFESSIONAL INTERESTS The right to unionize freely and to participate in other lawful activities devoted to the defense of professional interests constitute essential rights of the workers which society must respect, ensuring their free exercise and repressing any action which might impair or prevent it.