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TECH460 Final Project: Fitbit Blood Pressure User Interface John Student March 2021 4/20/2021 Introduction • This project proposes a technology plan to develop a user interface for blood pressure (BP) monitoring for Fitbit Inc. • Organization profile and problem statement • Technology selection and design • Implementation plan Executive Summary • Fitbit has lost market share in the wearable device market and has negative net income. • Analysis of Fitbit’s products and services suggests adding BP measurement to better compete in advanced health monitoring. • This proposal addresses development of a user interface for the BP monitoring capability. • Alternative solutions for a BP monitoring user interface were evaluated; recommended solution is a website plus platform -specific extensions to existing apps. • An implementation plan for the recommended solution is outlined including WBS, schedule, validation, evaluation and continuous improvement, and legal/ethical/cultural considerations. Organization Profile and Problem Statement The Organization • Fitbit, Inc. • Builds and distributes wearable products that wirelessly track activity of users to monitor health and fitness • Main competitors: Apple, Xiaomi, Huawei, Samsung • Public company established 2007 • 1,684 employees • Revenue has nearly doubled in last 5 years to $1.4B • Net income has gone from +$132M in 2014 to -$321M in 2019 • Share of wearable device market declined from 34% (2015Q1) to 2.6% (2020Q3) • Acquisition by Alphabet Inc. (Google parent co.) announced 2019 but not yet completed Sources: Plunkett Research, 2020; Statista, 2020. Products and Services • Connected health and fitness tracking devices • Smartwatches: Sense, Versa • Trackers: Inspire, Charge, Ace • Smart scale: Aria Air • Other products • Accessories • Gear • Web portal / Fitbit mobile app • Health and fitness statistics • Stress management score • Basic insights about activity, weight, sleep and nutrition • Premium membership • Guided programs • Premium challenges • Health metrics dashboard • Advanced (personalized) insights • Workouts • Mindfulness • Health coaching • Personal action plan • Unlimited in -app messaging • Data -driven guidance • 1-on -1 coaching Products Services Source: Fitbit Inc., 2020. Areas for Improvement with Technology • Broaden smartwatch features to better compete with Apple, Samsung • Wider range of non -fitness apps • Better iOS, Android integration • Better Google Assistant, Alexa support (compete with Apple Siri) • Music storage • Fall detection • Add advanced health monitoring • Blood pressure • Air quality • Improve connectivity • Offer standalone LTE option (connect without phone) • Enter new wearables markets • Hearables (smart headphones) • Smart glasses Sources: Baxter, 2020; Curry, 2020; Savvides , 2020; Sawh , 2020. Project focus Problem Statement • Support Fitbit’s addition of a blood pressure monitoring capability through design of a web and mobile app user interface with the following features: • Display blood pressure readings numerically and graphically • Track changes over time • Identify low/high readings and trends that may indicate health concerns Technology Selection and Design Alternative Technology Approaches • New Progressive Web App (PWA) • Single blood pressure monitoring app for all platforms (web, iOS, Android) • Separate from existing Fitbit apps • Linked from existing Fitbit website • Single codebase implemented in HTML, CSS and JavaScript • Website plus platform -specific extensions to existing apps • Web interface using HTML, CSS and JavaScript for browser access only • Extensions to existing Fitbit apps implemented in native code • iOS: Swift/Objective -C • Android: Java Source: Google Developers, 2020. Qualitative Analysis • Progressive Web App (PWA) • Advantages • Faster development time • Reduced development cost • Reduced maintenance cost • Greater consistency across platforms • Disadvantages • Unable to integrate with existing mobile apps • Not visible in standard app stores • Limited user interface options • Limited access to native device features • Website plus platform -specific extensions to existing apps • Advantages • Can integrate BP monitoring feature into existing apps • Fuller range of user interface options • Full access to native device features • Disadvantages • Separate development required for each platform • Higher development time and cost • Higher maintenance cost • Risk of inconsistency across platforms Source: Moqod , 2019. Quantitative Analysis • Estimated development cost for PWA: $17K -$20K • Estimated development cost for website plus platform -specific apps • Website: $17K -$20K • Android: $17K -$20K • iOS: $17K -$20K • Total $51K -$60K 3x higher cost due to separate development for each platform • Estimates based on Crowdbotics software development cost calculator with the following inputs: • Partial wireframes developed • Moderate visual appearance customization • Medium complexity • HIPAA compliance for health data • Pro developers (not necessarily USA -based) • 1 API integration • Regular updates • Moderate support level Recommended Solution • Website plus platform -specific extensions to existing apps • Justification • Integration with existing Fitbit apps is top priority • Users will not want to download a separate app just for BP monitoring • Users will want to view BP data in context with other health and fitness data • Value of integration justifies higher development and maintenance costs High - Level Design – Data Flow Current BP data from sensor BP data received from wearable Manually entered BP data Collected/processed BP data for display Manually entered BP data Collected/processed BP data for display Fitbit Cloud Wearable device with BP sensor Android or iOS smartphone User laptop or desktop Fitbit app w/ BP extension Fitbit web app in browser High - Level Design – User Interface Systolic Diastolic Systolic Diastolic Level 110 70 Normal < Back Return to main app/website menu Add manual entry – brings up entry form as overlay Graph of historical readings Current reading Color -coded level for current reading based on ACC/AHA guidelines (CDC, 2020) Implementation Plan Work Breakdown Structure • Analysis • Draft requirements specification • Review and approve requirements • Cross -platform design • Complete common UX design • Design client -side software • Web app development • Adapt common UX design for web • Code HTML/CSS for web app • Code JavaScript for web app • Integrate with cloud API • Integrate with existing website • Test web app • iOS app development • Adapt common UX design for iOS • Code iOS app • Integrate with wearable device API • Integrate with cloud API • Integrate with existing iOS app • Test iOS app • Android app development • Adapt common UX design for Android • Code Android app • Integrate with wearable device API • Integrate with cloud API • Integrate with existing Android app • Test Android app • Multiplatform validation • Perform end -to -end test across all platforms • Conduct beta test with selected users • Deployment • Deploy web app to website • Deploy iOS app to App Store • Deploy Android app to Play Store Schedule Validation • BP app functionality for each platform (web, iOS, Android) will be tested individually • Existing website and apps will be regression tested after integration of new BP functionality • End -to -end validation test will be performed to verify functionality across all platforms • Data transfer from wearable (all models) to iOS and Android apps • Data transfer from iOS and Android apps to cloud database • Manual data entry from all platforms (web, iOS, Android) to cloud database • Display collected data on all platforms (web, iOS, Android) • Beta test with selected users Evaluation and Continuous Improvement • Ongoing monitoring and evaluation • Customer service requests related to the BP feature • Bug reports and new feature requests submitted on the Fitbit website • Mentions of the BP feature by customers in social media channels • Data traffic volumes for BP data in network • Response time for BP data storage and retrieval requests • BP data storage capacity in the database • Testing with new wearable device products and major product versions • Mobile app testing with new releases of iOS and Android operating systems • Web app testing with new releases of major web browsers (Chrome, Safari, Edge, Firefox, Opera) • Continuous improvement • Bug reports will be evaluated, prioritized, and addressed per the standard company update cycle • New feature requests will be evaluated and, if adopted, incorporated in the next scheduled major release • Server, database, and network capacity will be upgraded as needed Legal, Ethical and Cultural Considerations • Legal considerations • Health data privacy regulations (e.g. US HIPAA) • Medical device regulations (e.g. US FDA) • Potential liability risk • Regulations and risk will vary from country to country • Ethical considerations • Privacy protection • Impact on consumer health -related behaviors • Cultural considerations • Attitudes toward health data sensitivity/privacy • Levels of concern about high blood pressure and heart health • Reactions of health care professionals Incorporation of Feedback • Alice Adams suggested including information on Fitbit’s market share in the organization profile. I agreed and included it. • Bob Baker asked why the development cost estimates for the progressive web app and the standard website are the same. I rechecked these estimates using the development cost calculator and verified that they are the same. The progressive web app is not different enough from a standard website to affect the cost estimate.I left this unchanged. • Carol Cook noted that my original WBS did not include an analysis phase. I added an analysis phase to the WBS and schedule. Career Readiness • My career goal: Web and mobile app developer • Career skills learned/improved by this project: • Describing the business value of a project • Evaluating alternative approaches to a project and selecting the best one • Developing an implementation plan • Using the project to further career goals • Post project on my Wix portfolio site • Add a link to the project from my LinkedIn profile for potential employers • List project on my resume • Be prepared to discuss the project during job interviews Conclusion • Fitbit should add blood pressure monitoring as a competitive feature • BP monitoring requires a user interface on web and mobile device platforms • User interface should display blood pressure readings numerically and graphically, track changes over time, and identify low/high readings and trends that may indicate health concerns • Technical approach recommended is separate development for each platform to enable integration with existing apps • A high -level design for the proposed user interface was presented • Proposed solution can be implemented in 3 months References Baxter, D. (2020, September 21). Apple Watch vs Fitbit: how to choose the right wearable for you. Retrieved from https://www.techradar.com/news/apple -watch -vs -fitbit Centers for Disease Control (CDC). (2020). High blood pressure symptoms and causes. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/about.htm Crowdbotics . (n.d.). Estimate cost to build an app. Retrieved from https://www.crowdbotics.com/build -an -app Curry, D. (2020, October 30). Fitbit revenue and usage statistics. Retrieved from https://www.businessofapps.com/data/fitbit - statistics/ Fitbit Inc. (2020). Fitbit official site for activity trackers and more. Retrieved from https://fitbit.com Google Developers. (2020). Progressive web apps. Retrieved from https://web.dev/progressive -web -apps/ Moqod . (2019). Advantages and disadvantages of Progressive Web Apps. Medium. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@moqod_development/advantages -and -disadvantages -of -progressive -web -apps -6f019223cb17 Plunkett Research. (2020). Company profile: Fitbit Inc. Retrieved from http://www.plunkettresearchonline.com.
Savvides , L. (2020, November 29). Apple Watch Series 6 vs. Fitbit Sense: Top smartwatches go head to head. CNET. Retrieved from https://www.cnet.com/news/fitbit -sense -vs -apple -watch -series -6-top -smartwatch -fitness -tracker -comparison/ Sawh , M. (2020, January 28). Wareable hotlist: The tech set to shake up wearables in 2020. Wareable . Retrieved from https://www.wareable.com/wearable -tech/wearable -tech -predictions -2020 -7875 Statista. (2020). Market share of wearables unit shipments worldwide by vendor from 1Q'14 to 3Q’20. Retrieved from https://statista.com
