Concept Synthesis Guidelines Instructions Complete a focused literature synthesis on a key concept related to your actual or anticipated DNP project. General paper requirements: • 5 page limit (excl

Author

Sample/Setting

Methods

Results

Themes

Limitations

Kunz, S. et al

Racial and ethnic minorities, rural, and impoverished populations 

This case study contributes to a gap in the peer-reviewed literature

59 community members & 77 MCHC patients completed pre- and post-surveys. Both groups indicated improved healthy eating habits

To increase awareness and understanding of the disease, and trained lay leaders delivered diabetes education curriculum to community members.

Lack of data collected to document the effectiveness of the Consortium. Whereas the program evaluation team collected pre- and post-data from diabetes education participants

Finbråten, H. S. et al

Poor diabetes knowledge, poor glycemic control, and diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to low Health literacy.

This cross-sectional study was conducted based on data from adults with T2DM

For people with T2DM, higher levels of HL were associated with higher levels of education, better overall health conditions and higher self-perceived empowerment.

To reflect the health literacy (HL) skills needed for managing (T2DM) in everyday life. HL in people with T2DM should be measured from a broader perspective than basic skills, such as proficiency in reading and writing.

Just below one-third had compulsory comprehensive school as their highest completed education, and about the same fraction had completed education at a university or university college level

Kannenkeril, D., et al

A total of 111 Caucasian men and women with T2DM (defined by fasting glucose≥126 mg/dl or HbA1c≥6.5% or on blood glucose lowering medication and 54 without T2DM

A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of various interventional studies in subjects w/ & w/o T2DM, all performed at the Clinical Research Unit of the Department of Nephrology and HTN

Study population consisted of 111 subjects with T2DM and 54 subjects without T2DM. Compared to subjects without T2DM, subjects with T2DM were older and more frequently women.

Studies the outcome of micro- and macrovascular complications in T2DM patients with intensive or standard therapy (retinopathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular events)

Central hemodynamic parameters like cPP were non-invasively assessed, our ICD measurements are based on perfusion images and our method, our only valid for patients with T2DM with median diabetes duration of 48 months and cannot be extrapolated to other stages of T2DM or type-1 diabetes

Galasso P. et al

Black women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in an urban setting

Qualitative study was to examine perceived barriers to adoption of lifestyle changes for type 2 diabetes prevention among a diverse group of low-income women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Black women identified ways in which their participation in a culturally competent intervention of diabetes care and education helped them to change dietary behaviors

Assess shopping habits, the use of community resources for food supplementation, use of restaurant/fast-food establishments, dining habits, food purchasing and consumption, and food preparation methods

Barriers to medical nutrition therapy identified included low income, time constraints, competing demands, and knowledge deficits.