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3/11/22, 5:49 PM COMP 494 (Revision 2) Study Guide: Unit 8

https://comp.athabascau.ca/494/r2/unit08.html 1/2

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CO M PU TER S C IE N CE 4 94: R ESE A RC H M ETH O DS

Stu dy G uid e

U nit 8 : Ex perim en ta l Re se a rch

This u n it c o n ta in s t h e f o llo w in g s e ctio ns:

8 .1 P re fa ce

8 .2 L ea rn in g O utc o m es

8 .3 I n tr o d u ctio n t o R ese a rc h D esig n

8.4 R efe re n ce s

8 .1 P re fa ce

A cco rd in g t o Ne il J . S alk in d ( 2 0 03),

I n s c ie ntif ic r e se a rc h , a n e x p erim en t . . . is a m eth od o f in vestig atin g c a u sa l r e la tio nsh ip s a m on g v a ria ble s, o r t o t e st a

h yp oth esis . A n e x p erim en t is a c o rn ers to n e o f t h e e m pir ic al a p pro ach t o a cq u ir in g d ata a b ou t t h e w orld a n d is u se d in b oth

n atu ra l s c ie nce s a n d s o cia l s c ie nce s. A n e x p erim en t c a n b e u se d t o h elp s o lv e p ra ctic al p ro b le m s a n d t o s u pport o r n eg ate

th eo re tic al a ssu m ptio ns. . . .

A n e x p erim en t o r t e st c a n b e c a rrie d o u t b y u sin g t h e s c ie ntif ic m eth od . T he s te p s a re m ak e a n o b se rv a tio n, a sk a q u estio n,

fo rm a h yp oth esis , t e st t h e h yp oth esis , a n aly ze t h e r e su lt s , d ra w a c o n clu sio n, a n d c o m mun ic ate r e su lt s . T he r e a so n a

h yp oth esis is t e ste d is s o t h at it c a n b e c o n fir m ed , d en ie d, o r r e fin ed , w ith t h e k n ow le d ge c u rr e n tly a va il ab le . T he t e st h as

o n e v a ria ble . T he c o n tr o l is t h e r e g u la r g ro u p a n d e x p erim en ta l is t h e g ro u p w ith t h e v a ria ble a d ded t o it .

To d em on str a te a c a u se a n d e ffe ct h yp oth esis , a n e x p erim en t m ust o ft e n s h ow t h at, f o r e x am ple , a p h en om en on o ccu rs

a ft e r a c e rta in t r e a tm en t is g iv en t o a s u bje ct, a n d t h at t h e p h en om en on d oes n ot o ccu r in t h e a bse n ce o f t h e t r e a tm en t. . . .

A c o n tr o lle d e x p erim en t g en era lly c o m pare s t h e r e su lt s o b ta in ed f r o m a n e x p erim en ta l s a m ple a g ain st a con tr ol s a m ple ,

w hic h is p ra ctic ally id en tic al t o t h e e x p erim en ta l s a m ple e x ce p t f o r t h e o n e a sp ect w hose e ffe ct is b ein g t e ste d ( th e

in dep en den t v a ria ble ). ( T it i T udora n ce a l e a rn in g C en te r, 2 0 10 , e m ph asis in o rig in al)

[ T ]h e s im ple st e x p erim en ta l d esig n w ou ld b e o n e [ in w hic h] t w o g ro u ps o f s u bje cts a re r a n dom ly s e le cte d f r o m a

p op u la tio n a n d o n e g ro u p ( th e ex p erim en ta l g rou p ) r e ce iv es a t r e a tm en t a n d t h e o th er g ro u p ( th e con tr ol g rou p ) r e ce iv es

n o t r e a tm en t. A t t h e e n d o f t h e e x p erim en t, b oth g ro u ps a re t e ste d t o s e e if t h ere is a d if fe re n ce o n a s p ecif ie d t e st s c o re .

A ssu m in g . . . t h at t h e t w o g ro u ps w ere e q u iv ale n t f r o m t h e s ta rt o f t h e e x p erim en t, a n y o b se rv ed d if fe re n ce a t t h e e n d o f

th e e x p erim en t m ust b e d u e t o t h e t r e a tm en t. T hat is w hat e x p erim en ta l d esig n . . . is a ll a b ou t. ( p . 2 24 )

W e a n tic ip ate t h at y o u w ill n eed a b ou t 1 0 h ou rs ( 6 0 0 m in ute s) t o c o m ple te t h is u n it .

8 .2 L e arn in g O bje ctiv e s

Aft e r c o m ple tin g U nit 8 , y o u s h ou ld b e a b le t o

d esc rib e t h e t y p es o f e x p erim en ta l r e se a rc h d esig n. 3/11/22, 5:49 PM COMP 494 (Revision 2) Study Guide: Unit 8

https://comp.athabascau.ca/494/r2/unit08.html 2/2

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id en tif y a n e x p erim en ta l r e se a rc h d esig n a p pro p ria te f o r a g iv en r e se a rc h p la n .

8 .3 I n tr o d u ctio n t o R ese arc h D esig n

W e e stim ate t h at t h is s e g m en t o f U nit 8 s h ou ld t a k e a b ou t 1 0 h ou rs ( 6 0 0 m in ute s) t o c o m ple te .

V ie w in g A ssig n m en t 8 .3 .V 1

The v id eo b elo w p ro vid es a n in tr o d u ctio n t o r e se a rc h d esig n:

C am pbell, L . ( 2 0 10 ). R ese a rc h d esig n: A n in tr o d u ctio n. R etr ie ved f r o m http :/ /w ww.y o u tu be.c o m /w atc h ?v = -V oL W mE-v b I

(h ttp :/ /w ww.y o u tu be.c o m /w atc h ?v = -V oL W mE-v b I)

T he f o llo w in g is a s h ort v id eo b y ‘h ea d le ssp ro fe sso r’ t h at in tr o d u ce s f o u r d esig ns t o t e st a h yp oth esis : s a m ple v ersu s n or ms,

r e p re a te d m ea su re s, s e p ara te g rou ps , a n d cor re la tion al :

h ea d le ssp ro fe sso r. ( 2 0 08). R ese a rc h d esig ns. R etr ie ved f r o m http :/ /y o u tu .b e/F pH ee7 l1 c Z g ( h ttp :/ /y o u tu .b e/F pH ee7 l1 c Z g)

R ea d in g A ssig n m en t 8 .3 .R 1

This r e a d in g p ro vid es d is cu ssio ns o f v a rio us, m ostly q u an tit ativ e, r e se a rc h d esig ns, p artic ula rly e x p erim en ta l a n d q u asi-

e x p erim en ta l d esig ns. M ak e c e rta in t h at y o u f o ll o w a ll o f t h e l in ks w ithin t h e a rtic le , a n d t h e l in ks a n d s u blin ks g iv en in t h e

m en u o n t h e l e ft - h an d s id e o f t h e s c re en .

T ro ch im , W . K . ( 2 0 06). D esig n. R etr ie ved f r o m t h e w eb sit e o f t h e R ese a rc h M eth od s K now le d ge B ase :

h ttp :/ /w ww.s o cia lr e se a rc h m eth od s.n et/ k b /d esig n.p h p ( h ttp :/ /w ww.s o cia lr e se a rc h m eth od s.n et/ k b /d esig n.p h p)

A ssig n m en t 2

R ev ie w A ssig nm en t 2 o n t h e c o u rs e h om e p ag e, a n d d o w hate v er y o u c a n a t t h is p oin t.

8 .4 R efe re n ce s

Cam pbell, L . ( 2 0 10 ). R ese a rc h d esig n: A n in tr o d u ctio n. R etr ie ved f r o m : h ttp :/ /w ww.y o u tu be.c o m /w atc h ?v = -V oL W mE-v b I

(h ttp :/ /w ww.y o u tu be.c o m /w atc h ?v = -V oL W mE-v b I)

h ea d le ssp ro fe sso r. ( 2 0 08). R ese a rc h d esig ns. R etr ie ved f r o m http :/ /y o u tu .b e/F pH ee7 l1 c Z g ( h ttp :/ /y o u tu .b e/F pH ee7 l1 c Z g)

S alk in d, N. ( 2 0 03). E xp lor in g r e se a rch , 5 th e d . U pper S ad dle R iv er, NJ : P re n tic e H all.

T ro ch im , W .M .K . ( 2 0 06). D esig n. R etr ie ved f r o m t h e w eb sit e o f t h e R ese a rc h M eth od s K now le d ge B ase :

h ttp :/ /w ww.s o cia lr e se a rc h m eth od s.n et/ k b /d esig n.p h p ( h ttp :/ /w ww.s o cia lr e se a rc h m eth od s.n et/ k b /d esig n.p h p)