Anthropology class: Listen to lecture and read(2hr), Dissection post due on WEDNESDAY along with the quiz(1hr), Take the racism quiz(comes with a video)(1hr)(due Thursday)also will have to login on th

Study Questions:

1. Biological Classification is based on physical similarities that reflect evolutionary descent (Homologies). Two groups share a trait because they inherited it from a common ancestor. But not all similarities are based on descent. Some arise as adaptations to a common environment (Analogous similarities). It is necessary, therefore, to separate out analogies from homologies.

• Define analogy.

• Give an example of an analogous trait shared by two groups.

• Are shared analogous similarities useful for classification? Why or why not?

• Define homology

• Give an example of a homologous trait shared by two groups.

• Are shared homologous similarities useful for classification? Why or why not?

2. Not all homologous traits are equally useful in classifying genetic relatedness. We must determine if a trait is an ancestral or a derived homology.

• Define ancestral homology. Give an example. Are ancestral homologies useful for classification? Why or why not?

• Define derived homology. Give an example. Are derived homologies useful for classification? Why or why not?

• What shared derived traits distinguish mammals from other vertebrates?

• What shared derived traits distinguish placental mammals, marsupials, and monotremes?

Vocabulary:

Macroevolution

Classification

Analogy

Homology

Ancestral homology

Derived homology

Speciation

Cladogram

Phylogenetic Tree