this assignment is referring the ABCDEF bundle - the template pages is attached - add info of the ABCDEF bundle in a long-term acute hospital. PICOT: will implementing the ABCDEF bundle decrease le

Abstract

The firsts sentence or two outlines the problem, why is this being addressed? Do not make statements that require a citation as there are no citations in an abstract! (Smoking is a known risk factor for patients with type two diabetes (DMT2) making it essential for providers to address smoking cessation consistently. At the project site there is no tobacco cessation protocol in use). The next sentence outlines the purpose of the project. Use this full template for best success: The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental quality improvement project was to determine if or to what degree the implementation of _________________ (intervention) would impact ______________(what) when compared to _______________________ among ___________(population) in a ________ (setting ie: primary care clinic, ER, OR) in ________ (state) over four-weeks . (The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental quality improvement (QI) project was to determine if or to what degree the implementation of a tobacco cessation protocol using XYZ’s Five A’s mode l would impact the patient’s motivation, nicotine dependence, and healthcare provider compliance with assessing tobacco use in adult diabetic smokers in a podiatry clinic for four weeks in the northeastern United States) . Next is nursing theory and change model! State the model or theory using the author and how it applies to the project ONE SENTENCE! (James Prochaska’s transtheoretical model (TTM) and Dorothea Orem’s self-care deficit theory were utilize to guide the theoretical (both are theories) or scientific (one theory, one model) underpinnings of the project). Data analysis and sample size is next - DO NOT SAY p> 0.05 or p<0.05 Must say p= VALUE (Data on the motivation to quit was measured by TTM and nicotine dependence was measured by the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) questionnaire in diabetic adult smokers aged 18 years and older, (n=16) were compared at baseline, two weeks, and four weeks post-implementation of the Five A's model. A paired t-test showed that there was a statistical and clinically significant improvement in patient's motivation to quit smoking (M=-2.86; SD=1.29; p=0.003), a substantial decrease in nicotine dependence (M= -1.86; SD=1.41; p=0.001), and 100% of the healthcare providers (n=6) were compliant in assessing tobacco use p=0.000). WRAP IT UP – Now you want to state how the results impacted the practice at the site and recommendations for what should be done in the future based on the project findings (Based on the results, the Five A's model may result in increased patient motivation to quit smoking as well as a decrease in nicotine dependence. Recommendations include continuation of the program and possible repetition of the project at another clinical site over an extended monitoring period as well as with a larger sample size.) or maybe if there was no significance (Even though statistical significance was not found STATS, the INTERVENTION provided needed areas for reinforcement measurement and enhanced nursing staff awareness. Therefore, the findings suggest that continuous utilization of INTERVENTION may DO WHAT to IMPROVE WHAT. Replication of the project is needed in larger settings and over a longer period of time.) The simplest way to state recommendations for both statistical and clinical significance are: Recommendations include continuing the project at the site and dissemination of the results.

Keywords: Five A’s model, brief counseling, health promotion, motivational counseling, James Prochaska’s transtheoretical model (TTM), and Type 2 Diabetes (DMT2) Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) questionnaire, Dorothea Orem self-care deficit theory.

Abstract Example I

Smoking is known to place patients at high risk for or exacerbate chronic health conditions. The project site noted a gap in the use of an evidence-based practice protocol to encourage tobacco abstinence. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental quality improvement project was to determine if the translation of Martinez et al.’s research on a targeted smoking cessation program using the If You Vape: Guide to Quitting Smoking Program and the “My Story” pamphlets would improve the rate of smoking abstinence among adult users of combustible and electronic cigarettes. The project was piloted over 12 weeks in an urban Ohio primary care practice. Dorothea Orem’s self-care deficit theory and the Iowa model’s revised evidence-based practice to promote excellence in health care were the scientific underpinnings of the project. Data on smoking abstinence were measured using the Smoking Abstinence Questionnaire (SAQ) among a total sample size of 16 participants compared at baseline and every two weeks for 12 weeks. A paired t-test showed that there was a statistically and clinically significant improvement in smoking abstinence (M = -2.86; SD = 1.29; p = 0.003). Based on the results, the targeted smoking cessation using the If You Vape: Guide to Quitting Smoking booklets and the “My Story” pamphlets may improve smoking abstinence rates in this population and setting. Therefore, recommendations include continuation of the program, dissemination of results, and that researchers develop tools that reflect exclusive use of vaping pens.

Keywords: Targeted smoking cessation, If You Vape: Guide to Quitting Smoking Program, “My Story” pamphlet, evidence-based practice, health promotion, Smoking Abstinence Questionnaire (SAQ), Dorothea Orem’s self-care deficit theory, Iowa model’s revised: evidence-based practice to promote excellence in health care.

Abstract Example II

Reducing pneumonia among older adult residents of skilled nursing facilities (SNF) may be mitigated with proper oral hygiene. The project site noted there was no standardized practice for oral hygiene which increased the risk of pneumonia for their patients. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental quality improvement project was to determine if the translation of Sutter’s research on the use of Sutter’s oral hygiene protocol would impact pneumonia rates and nursing compliance to the protocol among adult residents. The project was piloted over an eight-week period in a rural New Jersey SNF. The theoretical foundations of the project utilized Kathrine Kolcaba’s comfort theory and John Kotter’s 8-step model of change. The total sample size was 112, n = 55 in the comparative group and n = 57 in the implementation group. Data were extrapolated from the facility’s electronic health record. To analyze the comparison and implementation group data, a chi-square test was used. The results indicated there was no statistically significant improvement in reducing pneumonia X2 (1, N = 112) = 0.007, p =. 932. An independent t-test was run to analyze the compliance rates which revealed a clinical and statistically significant improvement in compliance with the protocol t (110) = -17.101, p =.0001. Despite the lack of statistical significance in reducing rates of pneumonia, there is clinical significance in reducing pneumonia from n = 6; 10.9% in the comparative to n = 0; 0% occurrences in the implementation group. Therefore, the implementation of Sutter’s oral hygiene protocol may reduce pneumonia rates and improve nursing compliance in this setting. Recommendations include sustaining the project at the project site and further analysis of data due to the small sample size and short implementation period.

Keywords: Sutter’s oral hygiene, aspiration pneumonia prevention, pneumonia, evidence-based practice, skilled nursing, older adults, oral care, comfort theory, 8-step model of change.

Abstract Example III

An essential, routine procedure performed by nurses in the emergency room (ER) is obtaining peripheral intravascular access (PIVA). The project site noted that this routine procedure had become increasingly challenging so an evidence-based approach was sought. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental quality improvement project was to determine if the implementation of the Emergency Nurse Association’s (ENA) clinical practice guidelines on Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Venous Access (UGPVA) would improve the nurses’ self-efficacy (SE) and reduce the number of PIVA attempts for adult ER patients. The project was piloted over 12 weeks at a Northeastern United States Veterans Affairs Hospital. Albert Bandura’s self-efficacy theory and Kurt Lewin’s 8-step change theory were the project’s theoretical underpinnings. Data on nursing SE (N = 33) were analyzed using a paired t-test resulting in a clinical and statistically significant increase from pre (M = 67.81, SD = 14.84) to post (M = 95.85, SD = 3.48), p = .001. The total sample size of PIVA attempts was 398, n = 175 in the comparative group and n = 223 in the implementation group. Data were acquired through the electronic medical record. A chi-square test was used and results revealed that X2 (1, N = 398) = 0.007, p = .000, showing a statistical and clinically significant improvement in reducing the PIVA attempts. The results affirm that the implementation of the ENA’s clinical practice guidelines on UGPIVA may improve nursing SE and reduce the number of PIVA attempts in the respective populations. Therefore, the project remains in full implementation in the ER with recommendations to expand UGPIVA to the critical care units.

Keywords: Intravenous access, difficult IV access, Emergency Nurse Association CPG on ultrasound-guided peripheral venous access, Bandura, nursing self-efficacy, Lewin’s change theory, evidence-based practice, reducing needle sticks, vascular access, ER procedure.