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Digestive System: Anatomy Review 1. List two main divisions of the digestive system.

1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 2. The four main layers of the digestive tract wall are:

1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________ 3. Label the diagram below with the four main layers you listed in question 2. 4. The mucosa includes a type of columnar ____________________that forms the inner lining of the lumen.

5. Blood and lymph vessels of the mucosa are found in its __________________ _______________ connective tissue layer.

6. The smooth muscle layer of the mucosa is called the __________________ _________________. Page 1 of 5 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab \251 2013 South University 7. The function of epithelial goblet cells is to secrete _______________________________.

8. _________________________ cells of the mucosa secrete hormones into the blood.

9. Absorption of nutrients occurs through the mucosal epithelium and into either _____________ or ________________________ vessels.

10. Label the vessels you listed in question nine in the diagram below. 11. The muscularis mucosa has both ______________________ and _______________________ fibers that function in moving the villi to aid in digestion and absorption.

12. The built-in (intrinsic) network of nerve cells in the submucosa is the ________________ ______________.

13. The two types of movements produced by contractions of the muscularis externa are ___________________________ and _____________________________. Page 2 of 5 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab \251 2013 South University 14. The network of neurons in between the two muscle layers of the muscularis externa is the __________________________ ____________________________.

15. The mouth, with its ________________ ______________ epithelium, is involved in both chemical and _____________________ digestion.

16. List the four regions of the stomach:

1. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________________________________ 4. _____________________________________________________________________ 17. List the three sheets of muscle in the stomach’s muscularis externa: 1. ____________________________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________________________ 3. ____________________________________________________________________ 18. Label the three sheets of muscle in the stomach’s muscularis externa in the diagram below. Page 3 of 5 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab \251 2013 South University 19. List, in order from the pylorus to the colon , the three regions of the small intestine: 1.

_________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________ 20. From largest to smallest , list the three modifications of the small intestine’s inner wall that function to increase surface area:

1.

____________________________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________________________ 3. ____________________________________________________________________ 21. Label two of the modifications of the intestine to increase surface area in the following diagram. 22. The microvilli of the small intestine’s epithelial cells form the ______ ___________ border.

23. The large intestine absorbs __________________, __________________, and ___________ ___. 24. Starting from the ileocecal valve , trace the path of undigested material through the large intestine (on the diagram below). Page 4 of 5 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab \251 2013 South University 25. The anus is lined with ______________________ ___________________________ epithelium.

26. List the six sphincters of the digestive tract:

1. _________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________ 5. _________________________________________________________________________ 6. _________________________________________________________________________ 27. The single digestive function of the liver is to produce ____________________________.

28. The main digestive enzyme –producing organ in the body is the _______________________.

29. Three pairs of __________________ ________________ function to moisten food in the mouth.

Page 5 of 5 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab \251 2013 South University