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Urinary System: Processing of Salt and Water in the Nephron

1. a. Aldosterone is stimulated by an increase or decrease in what ions?

1. _________________________ 2. _________________________

b. What does aldosterone increase in the basolateral membrane?

2. What does antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increase in the luminal membrane?

3. Describe what move(s) out of the tubule and what the osmolarity would be in the following nephron segments:

a. Proximal tubule ______ move(s) out ______ mOsm

b. Descending limb ______ move(s)out ______ mOsm

c. Ascending limb ______ move(s)out ______ mOsm

d. Late distal tubule ______ move(s)out ______ mOsm

4. Under the following conditions, report the levels of ADH and subsequent urine osmolarity and flow rate: