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HOMEWORK

• what the differences are between neurons and glia

• what the parts of a neuron are and what they do

• WHATS the difference between an ion and neurotransmitter

• what an agonist, antagonist, and ligand are, how they differ, and when one should be

used over another (e.g. rescuing a person from an overdose)

• what neurotransmitters (in bold) are excitatory, inhibitory, and mixed, and what those

categories mean

• what type of ions enter and leave the neuron when an excitatory or inhibitory

neurotransmitter binds to its ligand-gated ion channel receptors

• what hyperpolarization, depolarization, and repolarization means (especially in terms of

membrane voltage)

• the (underlined/bolded) parts of the brain and what they do

• the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

• anatomical positions and what they mean such as anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral,

medial, and lateral (i.e. know where a brain region is in relation to some other region - - for

example: the frontal lobes in relation to the occipital lobes)

• the different anatomical ways to view the brain (superior, inferior, sagittal, coronal,

horizontal)

• what anatomical landmark is important for dividing up the front-half of the brain from the

posterior-half

• what a genetic mutation is and how it impacts animal traits

• what molecules lead to what (DNA, RNA, Protein)

• why the scala naturae model of the brain is likely to be a wrong way of viewing the

evolution of the human brain

• Why is form important and how does it relate to function?

• what a small-world network is and why its important with respect to the brain

• the stages of neurulation

• what layers form from gastrulation and what those layers become (i.e. what part does the

nervous system primarily develop out from?)

• what accommodation and assimilation are and how they are different from one another

• Piaget's stages of cognitive development

• what embryonic brain structure the cerebral cortex develops from

• why our frontal lobes are so large and how this benefits humans

• what dopamine is responsible for directly encoding and where it is produced

• how dopamine activity would change under different circumstances (i.e. if reality is better,

worse, or just as expected)

• what contributes to drug addicts "Chasing the Dragon" from a cellular level

• what psychological phenomenon keeps drug addicts coming back to a drug and relapsing

• what drug withdrawal is and how it impacts people

• which brain structure is associated with both feelings of pleasure and pain

• what the placebo effect is and how it impacts people

• how the receptive field of retinal ganglion cells respond to different types of stimulation

• the information flow of visual input

• what would cause maximum excitation and inhibition in orientation-selective neurons

• the difference between the ventral and dorsal streams of the visual pathway and what

they are responsible for processing (i.e. what would happen if you damaged one, but not the

other)

• why its important, in terms of evolution by natural selection, for the visual system that a

light source usually comes from above