PSY 322 Literature Review Guidelines and RubricOverview Writing the Literature Review When writing a critical literature review, you will need to summarize, evaluate, and offer critical comments on th

SYSTEMS THINKING

SYSTEMS THINKING

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Integration of systems thinking.

People’s actions are controlled by how they organize themselves, their purpose in life and how they interact with each other. Due to questions that arise from systems thinking, short-term and long-term planning in community development has a direct impact. Systems thinking human actions have consequences. An example is a case of a saying: don’t put all your eggs in one basket (Francis & Catano). This helps determine short-term goals and how they can negatively or positively impact long-term goals. From the saying, investing all the capital in one building a single community facility might lead to long-term losses if anything happens to the facility. Community planners can apply systems thinking to plan for a resource that has a long-term benefit to the community instead of what will benefit them for a short period of time. An example is using funds to build a learning facility instead of sharing the funds with all community members.

Attribution of error can occur when one only uses one factor, such as individual characteristics, to make conclusions about an individual. Through systems thinking, one assesses other factors, such as the environment, that might lead to the development of a certain behavior, therefore correcting the error. Through panarchy theory, policymakers can adopt policies which positively impact the whole institution instead of just a single department. This is because it mainly focuses on the impact of systems in large scale (World Watch 2009). It emphasizes flexibility, meaning that if adopted, policymakers can make policy changes, enabling an institution to adapt to change. As the world evolves, the policies can adjust based on immediate needs therefore encouraging growth.

References:

World Watch. (2009, April). Our panarchic future: a theory that explains the evolution of ecosystems may apply to civilizations as well and it says we’re approaching a critical phase. Worldwatch institute.

Francis. N. & Catano. A Closer Look at Systems Theory and Community Psychology.