https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/diseases-conditions/routine-practices-precautions-healthcare-associated-infections/part-c.html#tb5
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Transmission of Infectious Agents (Canada Public Health Agency) 2014
| Microorganism | Precautions | Route of transmission |
| Actinomyces species | Routine | (normal flora, 2o to trauma) |
| Adenovirus Respiratory strains | Droplet and contact | Large droplets; direct and indirect contact |
| Adenovirus Conjunctivitis | Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| Adenovirus GI strains | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Amebiasis (E. histolytica) | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Anthrax (B. anthracis) | Routine | Contact with infected animals and animal products, inhalation from occupational exposure or bioterrorism |
| Antibiotic resistant organisms (AROs) (includes MRSA, VRE, resistant Gram negatives) | Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| Arthropod borne viruses | Routine | Vector-borne |
| Ascariasis | Routine | Fecal-oral (ova must hatch in soil) |
| Aspergillosis | Routine | Spores in dust; immunocompromised |
| Astrovirus | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| Babesiosis | Routine | Tick borne |
| Bacillus cereus | Routine | Foodborne |
| Bed Bugs | Routine | Not known to transmit disease |
| Blastomycosis | Routine | Acquired from spores in soil |
| Bocavirus Resp Tract | Droplet and contact | Droplet and contact (may cohort if infected with same virus) |
| Botulism (C. botulinum) | Routine | Foodborne |
| Brucellosis (Undulant, Malta or Mediterranean Fever) | Routine | Acquired from contact with infected animals or contaminated food |
| Burkholderia cepacia | Contact | Usually only infects Cystic Fibrosis patients |
| Campylobacter | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and Indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Candidiasis | Routine | Normal flora |
| Cat scratch disease (Bartonella hensalae) | Routine | Acquired from animals |
| Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) | Routine | Direct contact (sexual transmission) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | Routine | Trachoma: direct/indirect STI: sexual transmission (direct) |
| Chlamydia pneumoniae | Routine | Unknown, likely droplet, direct and indirect |
| Chlamydia psittaci | Routine | Inhalation of dessicated droppings from birds |
| Cholera (Vibrio cholerae) | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal oral) |
| Clostridium difficile | Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Clostridium perfringens | Routine | Foodborne or in normal gut flora, in soil with trauma |
| Coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis) | Routine | Acquired from spores in soil, dust in endemic areas |
| Coronavirus (CoV other than SARS-CoV) | Droplet and contact | Direct and indirect contact, possible large droplet |
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | Routine | Acquired from infected donors (separate guidelines for precautions at www.phac- aspc.gc.ca/noissinp/guide/pubs- eng.php |
| Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans) | Routine | Unknown, but inhaled from environment, bird droppings |
| Cryptosporidiosis (Cryptosporidium parvum) | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Cysticercosis (Taenia solium larvae) | Routine | Direct contact (fecal-oral) |
| Cytomegalovirus | Routine | Direct, sexual transmission, mother to child, transfusion, transplantation |
| Dengue virus | Routine | Vector |
| Dermatophytosis | Contact | Direct or indirect contact |
| Diphtheria cutaneous Diphtheria-pharyngeal (Corynebacterium diphtheriae) | Contact Droplet | Direct or indirect contact Large droplets |
| Echinococcosis | Routine | Acquired from contact with infected animals |
| Enteroviral infections (Echovirus, Coxsackie A & B, Enterovirus, Poliovirus | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Epstein-Barr Virus | Routine | Direct via saliva, transplantation |
| Erythema infectiosum (Parvovirus B19) | Routine (5th disease) Droplet (TAC or chronic infection in immunocompromised) | Large droplets, direct contact, vertical mother - baby |
| Giardia lamblia | Adult: routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect (fecal-oral) |
| Granuloma inguinale (Calymmatobacterium granulomatis) | Routine | Direct - sexual transmission |
| Haemophilus influenzae type b invasive infection | Adult: Routine Children: Droplet | Large droplets, direct contact |
| Hand foot and mouth disease | Adult: Routine Children: Droplet | Direct and indirect contact |
| Hantavirus (Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome) | Routine | Rodent excreta |
| Helicobacter pylori | Routine | Probable ingestion of organisms, presumed fecal- oral,oral-oral |
| Hepatitis A, E | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Hepatitis B,C,D,G | Routine | Mucosal or percutaneous exposure to infective body fluids, sexual transmission, vertical mother to child |
| Herpes simplex encephalitis Herpes simplex neonatal Herpes simplex mucocutaneous, disseminated or primary and extensive | Adult: Routine Children: Contact Contact, also contact for infants delivered vaginally to women with active genital HSV Contact | Direct contact Direct contact |
| Histoplasmosis (Histoplasma capsulatum) | Routine | Acquired from spores in soil |
| Hookworm | Routine | Larvae must hatch in soil to become infectious |
| HHV-6 (Roseola) | Routine | Direct contact |
| HIV | Routine | Mucosal or percutaneous exposure to infective body fluids. Sexual transmission, vertical mother to child |
| Human metapneumovirus | Droplet and contact | Large droplets, direct and indirect contact |
| Human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV 1, HTLV II) | Routine | Vertical mother to child, mucosal or percutaneous exposure by infective body fluids |
| Influenza seasonal | Droplet and contact | Large droplets, direct and indirect contact |
| Pandemic novel Influenza viruses | Pandemic influenza precautions | Large droplets, direct and indirect contact |
| Avian Influenza | Droplet and contact | ?Excreta of sick birds, possibly sometimes human respiratory secretions |
| Legionella | Routine | Acquired from contaminated water sources (inhalation not ingestion) |
| Leprosy | Routine | Direct contact |
| Leptospirosis | Routine | Acquired from contact with animals or animal urine |
| Lice Head & Body, Pubic | Routine, plus gloves for direct patient contact | Head and body: direct and indirect contact. Pubic: sexual |
| Listeriosis (Listeria monocytogenes) | Routine | Foodborne; vertical mother to child |
| Lyme disease (Borrelia bergdorferi) | Routine | Vector, tickborne |
| Lymphocytic choriomeningitis | Routine | Acquired from contact with rodents |
| Lymphogranuloma venereum | Routine | Direct – sexually transmitted |
| Malaria (Plasmodium species) | Routine | Vector (mosquito), rarely vertical mother to child, blood transfusion |
| Measles | Airborne | Airborne |
| Melloidosis (Pseudomonas pseudomallei) | Routine | Acquired from soil in SE Asia |
| Neisseria meningitidis | Droplet | Large droplet, direct contact |
| Molluscum contagiosum | Routine | Direct contact |
| Monkeypox | Contact, droplet and airborne | Contact with infected animals; possible airborne transmission from animals to humans |
| Mucormycosis | Routine | Inhalation or ingestion of fungal spores from soil, dust. Infections in immunocompromised |
| Mumps | Droplet | Large droplets, direct contact |
| Mycobacterium (non-TB) Atypical | Routine | Acquired from soil, water, animal reservoirs |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis including M. bovis, M. africanum, M. caprae, M. microti and M. pinnipedii | Airborne Nonpulmonary infections in bone or joint with no draining routine precautions; PPD skin test positive with no evidence of disease routine | Airborne |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Droplet | Large droplets |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Routine | Direct – sexual; mother to child |
| Neisseria meningitidis | See meningococcus | |
| Nocardiosis | Routine | Acquired from organisms in soil, dust |
| Noroviruses | Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Orf | Routine | Acquired from infected animals |
| Parainfluenza virus | Droplet and contact | Large droplets, direct and indirect contact |
| Pertussis (Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis) | Droplet | Large droplets |
| Plague bubonic (Yersinia pestis) Plague pneumonic | Routine Droplet | Acquired from contact with fleas and rats Large droplets |
| Pneumocystis jiroveci | Routine | ? normal flora? |
| Poliomyelitis | Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| Q Fever (Coxiella burnetii) | Routine | Acquired from contact with infected animals or ingestion of raw milk |
| Rabies | Routine | Mucosal or percutaneous exposure to saliva; corneal tissue and organ transplantation |
| Rat Bite Fever (Streptobacillus moniliformis, Spirillum minus) | Routine | Rodent bite, ingestion of contaminated milk |
| Relapsing fever (Borrelia recurrentis, other Borrelia sp) | Routine | Vector (ticks, lice) |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | Droplet and contact | Large droplets, direct and indirect contact |
| Rhinovirus | Contact and droplet | Direct and indirect contact, possibly large droplets |
| Rickettsialpox | Routine | Vector (mites) |
| Rocky Moutain spotted fever | Routine | Vector (tick borne) |
| Rotavirus | Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Rubella, acquired Rubella, congenital | Droplet Droplet and contact | Large droplets, direct contact |
| Salmonella (including typhi) | Adult: Routine Children: Contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| Scabies | Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| Schistosomiasis | Routine | Contact with larvae in water |
| Shigella | Adult: Routine Children: contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral) |
| SARS | Contact and droplet | Droplet, direct and indirect contact, aerosols |
| Smallpox | Droplet, contact and airborne | Airborne, direct and indirect contact |
| Sporotrichosis | Routine | Acquired from spores in soil, on vegetation |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Minor (contained): Routine Major (draining): Contact Pneumonia: droplet if child Routine Toxic shock: routine | Direct and indirect contact Large droplets Foodborne |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Routine | Normal flora or droplet |
| Streptococcus group A: skin Pharyngitis, Scarlet Fever Toxic shock | Minor: routine Major: contact Adult: Routine Children: Contact and droplet Droplet and contact | Direct and indirect contact Large droplets Large droplets, direct or indirect |
| Streptococcus Grp B | Routine | Mother to child at birth |
| Strongyloides | Routine | Infective larvae in soil, may cause disseminated disease in immunocompromised |
| Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) | Routine gloves for direct contact with skin lesions | Direct contact with infectious exudates or lesions; sexual transmission, intrauterine or intrapartum from mother to child |
| Tapeworm | Routine | Consumption of larvae in undercooked meat |
| Tetanus (Clostridium tetani) | Routine | Acquired from soil, trauma |
| Toxocariasis | Routine | Intrauterine transmission mother to child; transplantation of stem cells; contact with infected felines or products |
| Trench Fever (Bartonella Quintana) | Routine | Louse borne |
| Trichinosis (Trichinella spiralis) | Routine | Foodborne, acquired from meat |
| Trichomoniasis | Routine | Sexually transmitted |
| Trichuriasis (Trichuria trichuria) | Routine | Ova must hatch in soil |
| Tularemia (Francisella tularensis) | Routine | Acquired from contact with infected animals, also vector |
| Typhus Fever (Rickettsia typhi) | Routine | Flea borne |
| Vaccinia | Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| VRE | Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| VRSA | Contact | Direct and indirect contact |
| Varicella zoster: varicella and zoster | Airborne and contact More stringent for immunocompromised | Airborne, direct and indirect contact |
| Vibrio parahemolyticus enteritis | Routine | Foodborne |
| Viral hemorrhagic fevers | Contact and droplet | Direct and indirect contact Lassa: sexual contact |
| Yersinia enterocolitica | Adult: Routine Children: contact | Direct and indirect contact (fecal-oral), foodborne |
