3-1 Module Three Milestone

Theories of Personal Change

• Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985; Ryan & Deci, 2000)

  1. Key concept: autonomy

○ Character attributes: freedom, initiative, resourcefulness

○ Self-statement: “I am the agent of my outcomes.”

• Self-Efficacy Theory (Bandura, 1977, 1982, 1997)

  1. Key concept: competence

○ Character attributes: challenge-oriented, confident, masterful

○ Self-statement: “I possess the skills that I need to accomplish my mission.”

• Self-Regulation Theory (Leventhal, Nerenz, & Steele, 1984)

  1. Key concept: control

○ Character attributes: rational, objective, emotionally balanced

○ Self-statement: “I am in control of my thoughts, feelings, and actions.”

• Self-Affirmation Theory (Steele, 1988)

  1. Key concept: integrity

○ Character attributes: assertive, certain, self-assured

○ Self-statement: “I am resilient and can adapt to change, as necessary.”

• Self-Concordance Theory (Sheldon & Elliot, 1999)

  1. Key concept: coherence

○ Character attributes: authentic, consistent, truth-seeking

○ Self-statement: “I rely on my values to guide my actions.”

• Self-Actualization Theory (Maslow, 1968, 1970)

  1. Key concept: potentiality

○ Character attributes: reflective, introspective, self-fulfilled ○ Self-statement: “I seek authentic meaning and purpose.”

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