Part 6: Evaluation Plan
LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature Review
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Literature Review
The paper is an analysis of articles reviewing the efficiency of Electronic Health Records (EHR) in the medical practice. The paper studies several related articles from various authors who established issues affecting the use of EHRs in the medical field. The information gained from these articles gives insight into the PICO question that indicates whether the implementation of the new unified acute and the Ambulatory EHR (Electronic Health Record) system in the hospital improves the healthcare quality regarding the patients via documentation when compared to when the system is not in use. The purpose of the paper is to explain and explore issues that affect the adoption of Electronic health records in the medical practice. Additionally, the paper is describing, summarizing, and synthesizing the findings in the literature relating to the stated PICO question.
Review of Literature
The first peer-reviewed article titled Advanced Practice Nurses’ Meaningful Use of Electronic Health Records focuses on the increasing role of EHRs in the US healthcare system. It analyses the processes and mechanisms in place to assess the use of EHRs in modern healthcare procedures (Narcisse, Kippenbrock, Odell, & Buron, 2013). It includes systematic analysis reviewing the effectiveness of procedures using Electronic Health Records (Rozas, & Klein, 2010). The article concludes by recognizing the fact that the implementation of Electronic Health Records is an important step in ensuring that disease management occurs.
Penoyer et al., (2014), looked at the use of EHR systems in the hospital system, as well as issues that may affect its adoption in healthcare institutions. The article concludes that it is necessary for organizations to review EHR processes and ensure that structures are put in place for better functioning in healthcare processes. It furthermore interprets a survey carried out by healthcare professionals to assess the effectiveness of the study.
Dolezel and Moczygemba (2015), analyzed the implementation of EHR systems in physician practices. It incorporates analytical data to assess the efficiency of the adaptation of these systems. The article concludes by explaining the fact that though the transition to EHR may be challenging, it is a necessary process in the current healthcare setting.
McAlearney, Hefner, Sieck, Rizer and Huerta (2014), assessed the implementation of Electronic Health Record with interviews carried out on several participants. It includes research into the successful management of ambulatory EHR implementation. It uses evidence from surveys carried out, and it gives more insight into practices that can improve the use of these systems in healthcare centers.
Hessels et al., (2015) through their article, analyzed the relationship between the adoption of Electronic Health Records and the rate of satisfied patients. Their analysis highlights the success of the implementation of this technology on improving healthcare practices. It concludes that the adoption of Electronic Health Records in hospitals was associated with a shortened length of stay in the various hospitals.
Kirkendall, Goldenhar, Simon, Wheeler and Andrew Spooner (2013), analyzed the effectiveness of the transformation from traditional data recording methods to the use of EHR in medical practices, through detailed research. The study revealed the importance of a smooth transition to the use of modern technology, especially through practices such as training. It reveals that though many healthcare professionals embrace the use of EHR, not many are knowledgeable concerning its application in healthcare.
How the Literature Demonstrates the Significance of the PICO Question Topic.
The research clearly shows that adopting the new system within the hospital will help in improving the healthcare quality as compared to using the old paperwork system of documentation. According to McAlearney et al., (2014), It’s much more important to implement while facilitating the successful ambulatory EHR. It should apply the QI (Quality Improvement) model that work towards the success of the system. The patients manage to receive the results instantly upon being well-documented from the point of admission to the point of discharge. According to Hessels et al., (2012), there are several sources of data when it comes to the changeover in technology within the hospital setup. For instance, nurses are asked to provide technical skills and challenges being encountered while introduced to the new ambulatory system and any adjustments are made accordingly. The patients also have their contributions to the unified system in ensuring there is the integration of the documentation process. The administration of the information systems including the experiences and expectations survey became much critical in the hospital evaluation. It contributed to the adoption of the new system with positive expectations and hence provided perceptions relating to the handling of the new system within the hospital. It helped in realizing improved quality of health care (Kirkendall et al., 2013).
Describing Original Conclusions Derived from the Evidence Gathered.
There was evidence as by Hessels et al. (2012) that EHR adoption level has a statistical relationship with the patient satisfaction. It is mostly in the acute care clinics when analysis regarding the patient satisfaction results is done. The hospitals with the new ambulatory system have demonstrated positive feedback when it comes to medical documentation as compared to those using the paperwork system. The system helps in recording much information at the same time hence serving many customers per day. It has helped improved the level of health care within the hospital since there is also a module regarding patients’ critiques. However, the research by Penoyer et al. (2014), is seen to focus on more than one purpose of medical documentation. More so, the nurses are viewed to have the perception of time-consuming of the new system hence the need for further research to realize the overall effectiveness and the purposes of the system.
Summary
The literature review answers the PICO question concerning the efficiency of Electronic Health Record systems as compared to manual methods of recording health information of patients. The articles’ review findings as well as data that proves the efficiency of modern technology in managing health records in health facilities. The articles further reveal the advantages of Electronic Health Records in health institutions by explaining how they have influenced modern medical practices in the healthcare setting. It gives a well-detailed analysis of these efficiencies and exposes new information concerning the changing medical technologies. These articles conclusively agree to the fact that EHRs improve outcomes in healthcare institutions and furthermore improve the quality of care that patients receive (Scutt, 2008). It is also mentioned that it is important to improve ambulatory EHR, to ensure efficient practices. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure proactive implementation in healthcare facilities for improved healthcare processes.
References
Dolezel, D. & Moczygemba, J. (2015). Implementing EHRs: An Exploratory Study to Examine Current Practices in Migrating Physician Practice. Perspectives in Health Information Management. Retrieved from: http://perspectives.ahima.org/implementing-ehrs-an-exploratory-study-to-examine-current-practices-in-migrating-physician-practice/
Hessels, A., Flynn, L., Cimiotti, J. P., Bakken, S., & Gershon, R. (2015). Impact of Heath Information Technology on the Quality of Patient Care. On-line journal of nursing informatics, 19. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5001503/
Kirkendall, E., Goldenhar, L., Simon, J., Wheeler, D., & Andrew Spooner, S. (2013). Transitioning from a computerized provider order entry and paper documentation system to an electronic health record: Expectations and experiences of hospital staff. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 82(11), 1037-1045. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2013.08.005
McAlearney, A., Hefner, J., Sieck, C., Rizer, M., & Huerta, T. (2014). Evidence-based management of ambulatory electronic health record system implementation: An assessment of conceptual support and qualitative evidence. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 83(7), 484-494. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2014.04.002
Narcisse, M., Kippenbrock, T., Odell, E., & Buron, B. (2013). Advanced Practice Nurses' Meaningful use of electronic health records. Applied Nursing Research, 26(3), 127-132. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2013.02.003
Penoyer, D., Cortelyou-Ward, K., Noblin, A., Bullard, T., Talbert, S., & Wilson, J. et al. (2014). Use of Electronic Health Record Documentation by Healthcare Workers in an Acute Care Hospital System. Journal of Healthcare Management, 59(2), 130-144. Retrieved from: http://web.b.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=157cf576-cbb4-4db3-926d-30a76f07b39c%40sessionmgr104&vid=1&hid=128
Rozas, L. W., & Klein, W. C. (2010). The value and purpose of the traditional qualitative literature review. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 7(5), 387–399. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15433710903344116
Scutt, D. (2008). How to review literature. Radiologic Technology, 79(4), 306–308. Retrieved from: http://web.b.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=e19434f1-fcaa-48e1-b856-5cf6bb14cdd1%40sessionmgr104&vid=1&hid=130.
