A presentation due soon.

12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 1/12 P D F A pplying cognitive adjustm ent theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual team s 13 Pages AUTHORS Julia Brandl + 1 FILES 1 of 2 A p p ly in g c o g n itiv e a d ju s tm e n t th e o ry to c ro s s -c u ltu ra l tra in in g fo r g lo b a l v irtu a l te a m s   CONNECT TO DOW NLOAD G ET  P D F     A P P L Y I N G C O G N I T I V E A D J U S T M E N T T H E O R Y T O C R O S S - C U L T U R A L T R A I N I N G F O R G L O B A L V I R T U A L T E A M S J U L I A B R A N D L A N D A N N E - K A T R I N N E Y E R G l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s a r e f a c e d w i t h t h e c h a l l e n g e o f d e v e l o p i n g t r u s t i n a t e c h n o l o g y - m e d i a t e d c o n t e x t t o o v e r c o m e a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y i n t h e i r READ PAPER A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 2/12 H u m a n R e s o u r c e M a n a g e m e n t H u m a n R e s o u r c e M a n a g e m e n t , M a y – J u n e 2 0 0 9 , V o l . 4 8 , N o . 3 , P p . 3 4 1 – 3 5 3 © 2 0 0 9 W i l e y P e r i o d i c a l s , I n c . P u b l i s h e d o n l i n e i n W i l e y I n t e r S c i e n c e ( w w w . i n t e r s c i e n c e . w i l e y . c o m ) . D O I : 1 0 . 1 0 0 2 / h r m . 2 0 2 8 4 t e c h n o l o g y - m e d i a t e d c o n t e x t t o o v e r c o m e a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y i n t h e i r i n t e r a c t i o n s . R e s e a r c h s h o w s t h a t a d j u s t m e n t i s a f u n c t i o n o f a n i n d i v i d u a l ’ s a b i l i t y t o m a n a g e h i s o r h e r a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y i n a n u n k n o w n c o n t e x t ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 5 ) . W e p r o p o s e t h a t t h e t y p e o f c r o s s - c u l t u r a l t r a i n i n g ( C C T ) r e c e i v e d c a n i n fl u e n c e c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t i n g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s . B u i l d i n g o n p h e n o m e n o l o g y a n d s e n s e - m a k i n g t h e o r y , w e a r g u e t h a t t r a i n i n g n e e d s t o d e v e l o p g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m m e m b e r s ’ c a p a b i l i t i e s i n d e a l i n g w i t h t h e u n -   k n o w n r a t h e r t h a n p r o v i d i n g r e a d y - m a d e c o n c e p t s o f c u l t u r e s . M a n a g e r i a l i m p l i c a t i o n s o f o u r t h e o r e t i c a l d i s c u s s i o n o f c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t a n d h o w C C T i n fl u e n c e s i t a r e d i s c u s s e d , a s a r e d i r e c t i o n s f o r f u t u r e r e s e a r c h . © 2 0 0 9 W i l e y P e r i o d i c a l s , I n c .   K e y w o r d s :   c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t , c r o s s - c u l t u r a l t r a i n i n g , g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s   C h a n g i n g t h e w a y p e o p l e t h i n k a b o u t s i t u a t i o n s i s , i n f a c t , t h e m o s t p o w - e r f u l a n d u s e f u l w a y t o u l t i m a t e l y c h a n g e b e h a v i o r a n d t h e r e b y a f - f e c t o r g a n i z a t i o n a l r e s u l t s ( P f e f f e r , 2 0 0 5 , p . 1 2 5 ) . I n t r o d u c t i o n I n r e c e n t y e a r s , a g l o b a l i z e d b u s i n e s s e n v i - r o n m e n t h a s i m p a c t e d t h e w a y s i n w h i c h o r g a n i z a t i o n s a r e s e t u p t o m a n a g e t h e i r a c - t i v i t i e s . T e a m s a r e i n c r e a s i n g l y f o r m e d i n v i r t u a l s e t t i n g s c o n s i s t i n g o f m e m b e r s f r o m v a r i o u s c o u n t r i e s a n d c u l t u r a l b a c k g r o u n d s ( G i b s o n & C o h e n , 2 0 0 3 ; H i n d s & K i e s l e r , 2 0 0 2 ) . G l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s a r e c u l t u r a l l y d i - v e r s e , i n v o l v e t w o o r m o r e n a t i o n s , w o r k a c r o s s t e m p o r a l a n d p h y s i c a l d i s t a n c e , a r e i n t e r d e p e n d e n t , a n d r e l y o n t e c h n o l o g y - m e d i a t e d c o m m u n i c a t i o n ( B a b a , G l u e s i n g , R a t n e r , & W a g n e r , 2 0 0 4 ) . G i v e n t h e i r v i r t u a l - i t y , i t i s d i f f i c u l t f o r t h o s e t e a m s t o e s t a b l i s h t r u s t ( J a r v e n p a a & L e i d n e r , 1 9 9 9 ) . G l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s a r e c h a l l e n g e d t o o v e r c o m e a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y t h a t i n f l u e n c e t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f t h e i r c o m m u n i c a t i o n ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 5 ) . A l s o , i n g l o b a l v i r t u a l C o r r e s p o n d e n c e t o : J u l i a B r a n d l , I n s t i t u t e o f O r g a n i z a t i o n S t u d i e s a n d O r g a n i z a t i o n a l B e h a v i o r , D e p a r t m e n t o f M a n a g e m e n t , V i e n n a U n i v e r s i t y o f E c o n o m i c s a n d B u s i n e s s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n , A l t h a n s t r a s s e 5 1 , 1 0 9 0 V i e n n a , A u s t r i a , p h o n e : + 4 3 / ( 0 ) 1 3 1 3 3 6 5 0 4 4 , F a x : + 4 3 / ( 0 ) 1 3 1 3 3 6 7 2 4 , E - m a i l : J u l i a . B r a n d l @ w u - w i e n . a c . a t   3 4 2 H  U M A N    R  E S O U R C E    M  A N A G E M E N T  , M  A Y  – J  U N E    2 0 0 9   t e a m s , m a n a g e r s f r o m d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s w o r k t o g e t h e r w i t h o u t e v e r s p e n d i n g t i m e i n e a c h o t h e r ’ s c o u n t r i e s ( H i n d s & K i e s l e r , 2 0 0 2 ; K o z l o w s k i & B e l l , 2 0 0 3 ) . T h i s m a k e s c o u n t r y - s p e c i f i c k n o w l e d g e l e s s r e l e v a n t . T h e m o v e t o w a r d g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s i n c r e a s e s t h e c h a l l e n g e o f c r o s s - c u l t u r a l t r a i n - i n g ( C C T ) . E a r l e y a n d P e t e r s o n ( 2 0 0 4 ) a r g u e t h a t “ c o n v e n t i o n a l m e t h o d s t h a t r e l y o n c o u n t r y - s p e c i f i c k n o w l e d g e o f t e n p r o v e i n a d - e q u a t e — m e t h o d s t h a t o r i e n t m a n a g e r s t o d y a d i c i n t e r a c t i o n s i n n e w c o u n t r i e s f a i l t o p r e p a r e t h e m f o r t h e c o m p l e x i t y o f e n c o u n - t e r e d i n t e r a c t i o n s i n m u l t i n a t i o n a l t e a m a n d w o r k s e t t i n g s ” ( p . 1 0 0 ) . T o a d d r e s s t h e s e l i m i t a t i o n s o f C C T i n t h e f a c e o f i n c r e a s e d u s e o f g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s , w e d i s c u s s t h e c o n c e p t o f c o g n i - t i v e a d j u s t m e n t ( S c h ü t z , 1 9 4 4 ) . T h i s m e a n s t h a t t e a m m e m b e r s a r e p r a c t i c a l l y a b l e t o “ u n d e r - s t a n d ” e a c h o t h e r b e c a u s e t h e y a r e a b l e t o t a k e a n o t h e r ’ s p e r s p e c - t i v e a n d t o m a k e w o r k a b l e p r e d i c - t i o n s a b o u t w h a t o t h e r s d o . C o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t i s i m p o r - t a n t b e c a u s e i t i s t h e p r e r e q u i s i t e f o r f e e l i n g c o m f o r t a b l e , f o r d e v e l - o p i n g s o c i a l c o n t a c t s , a n d f o r b e i n g a b l e t o c o n t r i b u t e t o t h e t e a m . B u i l d i n g o n t h i s u n d e r s t a n d - a r e t r a n s f e r r e d t o a c o n t e x t o f w o r k i n g w i t h p e o p l e f r o m d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s . T h u s , w e b u i l d o n t h i s s t r e a m o f r e s e a r c h t o d e v e l o p a f r a m e w o r k o f m e n t a l m a p c h a n g e s t o d e a l w i t h a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y . T h i s a l l o w s u s t o i n v e s t i g a t e h o w C C T a f f e c t s c o g n i t i v e a d - j u s t m e n t i n g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s . I n p a r t i c u - l a r , w e a d d r e s s t h e f o l l o w i n g t w o q u e s t i o n s : W h a t a r e t h e c h a l l e n g e s o f c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t w h e n w o r k i n g i n a g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m ?   H o w d o e s C C T i n fl u e n c e t h e c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t - m e n t p r o c e s s t o m a n a g e a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r - t a i n t y i n g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s ? W e b e g i n b y b r i e f l y d i s c u s s i n g t h e a n x i - e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y m a n a g e m e n t ( A U M ) t h e o r y ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 5 ) i n t h e c o n t e x t o f g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s . W e t h e n p r o v i d e a t h e o - r e t i c a l f r a m e w o r k o n c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t t o a s s e s s h o w C C T a f f e c t s c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t i n g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s . F i n a l l y , w e c o m p a r e t h e i n f l u e n c e o f t w o C C T a p p r o a c h e s o n c o g - n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t a n d d i s c u s s h o w t h e y c a n s u p p o r t g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s ’ h a n d l i n g o f a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y . A n x i e t y a n d U n c e r t a i n t y M a n a g e - m e n t T h e o r y i n t h e C o n t e x t o f G l o b a l V i r t u a l T e a m s C o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t i s i m p o r t a n t b e c a u s e i t i s t h e p r e r e q u i s i t e f o r f e e l i n g c o m f o r t a b l e , f o r d e v e l o p i n g s o c i a l c o n t a c t s , a n d f o r b e i n g a b l e A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 3/12   H u m a n R e s o u r c e M a n a g e m e n t    D O I : 1 0 . 1 0 0 2 / h r m B u i l d i n g o n t h i s u n d e r s t a n d - i n g , w e w i l l f i r s t i d e n t i f y t h e c h a l - l e n g e s f o r m a n a g e r s t o a d j u s t q u i c k l y t o m u l t i p l e c u l t u r e s i n a t e c h n o l o g y - m e d i a t e d c o n t e x t . S e c o n d , w e w i l l a n a l y z e h o w e f f e c t i v e C C T f o r g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s s h o u l d b e d e s i g n e d . I n s p i r e d b y p h e n o m e n o l o g i c a l r e s e a r c h a n d s e n s e - m a k i n g t h e o r y , a s m a l l b u t g r o w - i n g a m o u n t o f r e s e a r c h o n l e a r n i n g a n d i d e n t i t y t r a n s f o r m a t i o n f o c u s e s o n n e w c o m - e r s ’ a d j u s t m e n t ( e . g . , G l a n z , W i l l i a m s , & H o e k s e m a , 2 0 0 1 ; K o h o n e n , 2 0 0 4 , 2 0 0 5 ; O s l a n d , 2 0 0 0 ; O s l a n d & O s l a n d , 2 0 0 5 ) . I t a n a l y z e s w h a t a d j u s t m e n t m e a n s i n t e r m s o f h o w p e o p l e c h a n g e t h e i r m i n d s e t s w h e n t h e y a r e t r a n s f e r r e d i n t o i n t e r a c t i o n s w i t h d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s . W h e n g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m m e m b e r s a p p r o a c h e a c h o t h e r f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e ( i . e . , w h e n t h e y a r e n e w c o m e r s ) , t h e y G l o b a l V i r t u a l T e a m s G u d y k u n s t ’ s ( 1 9 9 5 , 1 9 9 8 , 2 0 0 5 ) A U M t h e o r y p r o p o s e s t h a t a n x i e t y a n d u n c e r t a i n t y a r e c e n t r a l e l e m e n t s i n f l u e n c i n g t h e e f f e c t i v e - n e s s o f i n t e r g r o u p c o m m u n i c a t i o n . T h e i n - t e r a c t i o n o f p e o p l e f r o m d i f f e r e n t g r o u p s i s o f t e n c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y t w o k e y c o n c e r n s : W i l l I b e h a v e a p p r o p r i a t e l y ? C a n I t r u s t t h e o t h e r g r o u p m e m b e r s ? U n c e r t a i n t y i s a c o g n i t i v e p h e n o m e n o n t h a t h i g h l y i n f l u e n c e s t h e w a y p e o p l e t h i n k a b o u t o t h e r s ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . B e r g e r ( 1 9 7 9 ) d i s t i n g u i s h e s b e t w e e n c o g n i - t i v e a n d b e h a v i o r a l u n c e r t a i n t y . W h e r e a s c o g n i t i v e u n c e r t a i n t y i n c l u d e s k n o w l e d g e a b o u t o t h e r s , t h e b e h a v i o r a l u n c e r t a i n t y d i m e n s i o n i s d e f i n e d b y t h e e x t e n t t o w h i c h p e o p l e a r e r e l a t i v e l y c e r t a i n t h a t t h e i r c o u n t e r p a r t s w i l l b e h a v e i n a n e x - p e c t e d w a y . a n d f o r b e i n g a b l e t o c o n t r i b u t e t o t h e t e a m .     C  R O S S  - C  U L T U R A L  T  R A I N I N G    F O R    G  L O B A L   V  I R T U A L  T  E A M S    3 4 3   A n x i e t y e x p r e s s e s a p e r s o n ’ s u n e a s i n e s s a n d i s t h e a f f e c t i v e ( e m o t i o n a l ) e q u i v a l e n t o f u n c e r t a i n t y ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . G u d y k u n s t ( 1 9 9 8 ) a r g u e s t h a t p e o p l e e x p e r i e n c e a c e r - t a i n l e v e l o f a n x i e t y a t a n y t i m e o f c o m m u n i - c a t i o n . H o w e v e r , r e s e a r c h s h o w s t h a t w h e n p e o p l e g e t t o k n o w o n e a n o t h e r , a n x i e t y d e - c r e a s e s i n p r i n c i p l e ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 5 ) . N e v - e r t h e l e s s , t h e d e g r e e o f a n x i e t y c a n i n c r e a s e o r d e c r e a s e a t a n y p o i n t i n t h e i n t e r a c t i o n p r o c e s s , d e p e n d i n g o n e v e n t s i n t h e r e l a t i o n - s h i p a n d h o w p e o p l e i n t e r p r e t t h e m ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . I n c r o s s - c u l t u r a l i n t e r a c t i o n s , a c c o r d i n g t o A U M t h e o r y , t h e a b i l i t y t o m a n a g e u n c e r - t a i n t y a n d a n x i e t y a r e c e n t r a l e l e m e n t s o f s t r a n g e r s ’ e f f e c t i v e c o m m u n i c a t i o n w i t h e a c h o t h e r ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . I f u n c e r t a i n t y a n d a n x i e t y a r e t o o h i g h , i t i s d i f f i c u l t f o r i n d i - v i d u a l s t o c o m m u n i c a t e w i t h e a c h o t h e r ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) : A h i g h l e v e l o f u n c e r - t a i n t y r e d u c e s o n e ’ s a b i l i t y t o i n t e r p r e t t h e c o u n t e r p a r t ’ s m e s s a g e o r t o p r e d i c t t h e o t h e r p e r s o n ’ s b e h a v i o r a c c u r a t e l y . I f a n x i e t y i s t o o h i g h , p e o p l e c o m m u n i c a t e b y i n t e r p r e t i n g o t h e r s ’ b e h a v i o r s u s i n g t h e i r o w n f r a m e o f r e f e r e n c e a n d b y s t e r e o t y p e s . O n t h e o t h e r h a n d , i f u n c e r t a i n t y a n d a n x i e t y i n c r o s s - c u l t u r a l i n t e r a c t i o n s a r e t o o l o w , e f f e c t i v e c o m m u n i c a t i o n s u f f e r s f r o m p e o p l e ’ s a t t r i b u t i o n a l o v e r c o n f i d e n c e . A l o w l e v e l o f u n c e r t a i n t y m e a n s t h a t i n d i v i d u a l s d o n o t q u e s t i o n t h e i r i n t e r p r e t a t i o n s ( i . e . , t h e y i g n o r e c u l t u r a l d i f f e r e n c e s ) . I f a n x i e t y i s t o o l o w , t h e i r m o t i v a t i o n t o c o m m u n i c a t e d e c r e a s e s ( i . e . , t h e y f e e l t h a t t h e y n e e d n o n e w k n o w l e d g e ) . I n o r d e r t o c o m m u n i c a t e e f f e c t i v e l y i n c r o s s - c u l t u r a l s e t t i n g s , p e o p l e n e e d t o b e o p e n t o n e w i n f o r m a t i o n a n d a w a r e o f a l t e r n a t i v e p e r s p e c t i v e s s o t h e y c a n m a k e m o r e a c c u r a t e p r e d i c t i o n s a b o u t o t h e r s ’ b e h a v i o r ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . T e c h n o l o g y - m e d i a t e d i n t e r a c t i o n i n g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s m a k e s e s t a b l i s h i n g t r u s t d i f f i c u l t ( J a r v e n p a a & L e i d n e r , 1 9 9 9 ) . I n t e r - g r o u p i n t e r a c t i o n s a r e c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y a h i g h d e g r e e o f u n c e r t a i n t y a n d a n x i e t y t h a t n e e d s t o b e o v e r c o m e . R e s e a r c h s h o w s t h a t t e c h n o l o g y - m e d i a t e d c o m m u n i c a t i o n i n - g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m m e m b e r s n e e d t o b e a b l e t o a d j u s t q u i c k l y t o u n k n o w n s i t u a t i o n s t o c o m m u n i c a t e e f f e c t i v e l y . I n d i v i d u a l s w h o a r e a w a r e o f a l t e r n a t i v e p e r s p e c t i v e s o f o t h e r t e a m m e m b e r s a n d w h o e n g a g e i n g a t h e r i n g n e w i n f o r m a t i o n w i l l b e m o r e a b l e t o i n t e r - p r e t a n d m a k e a c c u r a t e p r e d i c t i o n s a b o u t o t h e r s ’ b e h a v i o r , t h u s c o n t r i b u t i n g t o e f f e c - t i v e c o m m u n i c a t i o n ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . T h i s l e a d s t o o u r f i r s t r e s e a r c h q u e s t i o n : W h a t a r e t h e c h a l l e n g e s o f c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t w h e n w o r k i n g i n a g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m ? C o g n i t i v e A d j u s t m e n t i n G l o b a l V i r t u a l T e a m s : D e v e l o p i n g E f f e c t i v e C o m m u n i c a t i o n b y C h a n g i n g M e n t a l M a p s O n e c h a l l e n g e g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s f a c e i s i n t e r a c t i n g w i t h p e o p l e f r o m v a r i o u s c u l t u r a l b a c k g r o u n d s ( B a b a e t a l . , 2 0 0 4 ) . G l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s , i n w h i c h t e a m m e m b e r s ( i n m o s t o f t h e c a s e s ) d o n o t k n o w e a c h o t h e r i n p e r s o n , a r e l i k e l y t o e x p e r i e n c e a h i g h l e v e l o f u n c e r t a i n t y a n d a n x i e t y ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . T h e c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t p r o c e s s h a p p e n s i n a m u l t i c u l t u r a l c o n t e x t , e m p h a s i z - i n g i n d i v i d u a l s ’ n e e d f o r a b i l i t y t o a d j u s t t o d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s a t t h e s a m e t i m e . A l s o , t h e r e i s t h e p o s - s i b i l i t y t h a t t e a m m e m b e r s m u s t i n t e r a c t w i t h o t h e r s f r o m c u l t u r e s w i t h w h i c h t h e y h a v e n e v e r w o r k e d . C o n s e q u e n t l y , t e a m m e m - b e r s f i n d t h e m s e l v e s n e w c o m e r s i n a p a r t i c u l a r c r o s s - c u l t u r a l i n t e r - a c t i o n a n d n e e d t o a d j u s t t o t h i s u n k n o w n c o n t e x t . T h e a d j u s t m e n t p r o c e s s h a p p e n s u n d e r c o n d i t i o n s o f h i g h u n c e r - t a i n t y a n d a n x i e t y ( G u d y k u n s t , 1 9 9 8 ) . T o g a i n a d e e p e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h i s c o m p l e x p r o c e s s i n g l o b a l v i r t u a l t e a m s , w e a p p l y S c h ü t z ’ s ( 1 9 4 4 ) c o n c e p t o f c o g n i t i v e a d j u s t m e n t . S c h ü t z ( 1 9 4 4 ) p r o v i d e s “ a g e n - e r a l t h e o r y o f i n t e r p r e t a t i o n t h e t y p i c a l s i t u a - t i o n i n w h i c h a s t r a n g e r f i n d s h i m s e l f i n h i s a t t e m p t t o i n t e r p r e t t h e c u l t u r a l p a t t e r n o f a T h e i n t e r a c t i o n o f p e o p l e f r o m d i f f e r e n t g r o u p s i s o f t e n c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y t w o k e y c o n c e r n s : W i l l I b e h a v e a p p r o p r i a t e l y ? C a n I t r u s t t h e o t h e r g r o u p m e m b e r s ?   A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 4/12   H u m a n R e s o u r c e M a n a g e m e n t D O I : 1 0 . 1 0 0 2 / h r m t e c h n o l o g y - m e d i a t e d c o m m u n i c a t i o n i n - c r e a s e s t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f m i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g s ( G i b s o n & C o h e n , 2 0 0 3 ) . T h u s , w e a r g u e t h a t a t t e m p t t o i n t e r p r e t t h e c u l t u r a l p a t t e r n o f a s o c i a l g r o u p , w h i c h h e a p p r o a c h e s , a n d t o o r i e n t h i m s e l f w i t h i n i t ” ( p . 4 9 9 ) . S c h ü t z A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 5/12 A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 6/12 A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 7/12 A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 8/12 A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 9/12 A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 10/12 A p p lyin g cogn itive ad ju stm en t th eory to cross-cu ltu ral train in g for glob al virtu al team s DOW NLOAD y 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 11/12 Job Board About Press Blog People Papers Term s Privacy Copyright  W e're Hiring!  Help Center Find new research papers in: Physics Chem istry Biology Health Sciences Ecology Earth Sciences Cognitive Science M athem atics Com puter Science Academia © 2017 p 12/02/2017 Applying cognitive adjustment theory to cross-cultural training for global virtual teams | Julia Brandl - Academia.edu http://www.academia.edu/21701566/Applying_cognitive_adjustment_theory_to_cross-cultural_training_for_global_virtual_teams 12/12