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EMERGENCY RESPONSE 6

Emergency Response Plan

Nicholas Montgomery

Instructor: Donald Walker

08 February, 2017

Emergency Response Plan for a Chemical Attack

Thesis

Chemical attacks of whatsoever kind carried out at a large gathering such as the Super Bowl can have extreme negative impacts on both the fans and the economic situation of a state, however, such impacts can be dealt with through emergency responses from those tasked with the responsibility including the local, the state, and the federal government. This study, therefore, aims to find out the various ways that the local and federal government can immediately respond to the chemical attack at Super Bowl stadium and the procedures of communicating the same to the public to eliminate fear of those at risk of losing loved ones.

About of Hydrogen Cyanide

Hydrogen cyanide is categorized as asphyxiate (Thiermann, et al. 2014). When the temperatures go beyond seventy-eight degree Celsius, it turns colorless. It is one of the chemicals that terrorist and use as a chemical agent in war, the effects can be extremely dangerous and is likely to rapidly damage the organ systems that are sensitive to low oxygen levels, especially the systems that supply blood to various parts of the body. These organ systems include; the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, and pulmonary system. Brain is one of the body parts that easily dies as a result of low oxygen supply. Symptoms of hydrogen cyanide are numerous and can sometimes be confused with other signs but some of them include; migraine headache, throwing up, rapid breathing, feeling of dizziness, loss of consciousness and confusion or loss of memory among the victims (Thiermann, et al. 2014).

Local, state, federal government response and communication procedure

Local response

Police force is part of the local response system. The first thing that the police should do once they get to the scene is setting up a boundary around the stadium beyond which not unauthorized personnel is allowed to pass (Maniscalco, & Christen, 2011). The United State public health surveillance should avail themselves along the police officers so as to help respond to the needs of the fans and players affected by the situation as well as their loved ones who might be distressed because of the attack. Nearby surroundings of the stadium should also be secured and if possible evacuated so that the gas does not affect more people in case it spreads beyond the stadium.

State and federal government response

One of the crucial roles of the state is to ensure that the surveillance teams well as the public health emergency response team are available and have the necessary resources to help fight the attack. In as much as the chemical weapon is said to be hydrogen cyanide, those responsible of dealing with the situation should ascertain to confirm the nature and amount that has been released. The health surveillance team and the emergency response personnel should wear the necessary protection while contaminated area.

The federal government should authorize the usage of any necessary neutralization materials required in counterattacking the effects of hydrogen cyanide. The state and federal should also avail emergency transport system to take the injured persons to the hospital or necessary healthcare centers for emergency treatment to deal with the effects of hydrogen cyanide in their system.

The Federal Bureau of Investigation, Secret Service, Military units, Department of Alcohol and Specialized Medical units should aid in the investigation process to find out the root cause of the attack and those who might have released the chemicals (Maniscalco, & Christen, 2011). The investigation process should include checking the admission register of the fans and players into the stadium and comparing the names with the identity cards and confirming whether the identity cards and the owners match.

The investigating team would also need to look at the security camera footage to see the movements in and out of the stadium as it happened until the chemical was discovered. Lastly, the team can involve the fans, stadium managers and players in the investigation through questioning them of any suspicious actions they might have notices. The questioning process would involve showing the witnesses the photos of the suspects for them to help identifying the people they think might have taken part in the attack.

Sources

Federal Emergency Management Agency. Federal response plan. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1999. Available at <http://www.fema.gov/r-n-r/frp>

Local government partner guide. Retrieved from http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/PartnerGuideLocal.pdf

Maniscalco, P.M., & Christen, H.T. (2011). Homeland security principles and practice of terrorism response. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Thiermann, H., Kehe, K., Riehm, J., & Zöller, L. (2014). Chemical and Biological Weapons and Their Regulation. In Regulatory Toxicology (pp. 855-868). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. (1998, October). Chemical/Biological/Radiological incident handbook. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/cbr_handbook/cbrbook.htm