Final Draft.

● Opportunity for conversa tio n ○ Opportunity in th e te xt : H ow to re co gnize … a sp eci fic pla ce in th e te xt (word/phrase/lin e) th at w e ca n d o so me th in g w it h ■ Places we ca n a rg ue ■ Argume nts th at a re h appenin g ■ Quota tio ns ○ Conversation ■ The d iscu ssion b etw een th e a uth or and th e a udie nce ■ Listenin g a nd re sp ondin g ■ Betw een yo u a nd th e a uth or ■ Betw een th e a uth or and th eir audie nce ■ Betw een yo u a nd yo ur audie nce ● Audie nce s: W ho a re th ey?

○ Topic, la nguage, st yle, to ne ○ Cult u ra lly neutra l p re -w ritin g q uest io ns ○ Fascinate ■ Amazing/a st onish in g ■ Intere stin g ● Expla in w hat fa sci nate d yo u a nd w hy ● Learn mo re a bout th e to pic, a nd th en te ll u s what yo u le arn ed o r what p osi tio n yo u n ow h old n ow th at yo u h ave m ore kn ow le dge ● How mi ght o th er people vi ew th is th in g? H ow d o w e m ake it fa sci natin g to th em?

○ Shock ■ Surprise !

■ Either good o r bad, b ut e it h er w ay stro ng.

■ Amazed, o r offe nded, o r disg ust ed, d eva state d ● Try to re sp ond- ta lk about th e e mo tio ns yo u fe lt w hile p ro ce ssi ng th is sh ock ● Why did it sh ock you?

● Comp are it to n orma l b ehavi or/ opin io ns/ fe elin gs ● Look back and se e if it ’s tru e o r not ● Look at yo ur ow n o pin io ns and va lu es- - d o yo u n eed to r e th in k th em? W hat ca n yo u le arn fro m th is?

○ Perplex ■ Confu si ng o r dif ficu lt to u nderst and ● Rest ate a nd cl arify th e th in g yo u fo und co nfu si ng ● Example s to cl arify-- stay fo cu sed o n th e te xt th ough ● Don’t ski p it . Be a ggre ssi vely cu rio us.

● Ask quest io ns! !

○ Gap ■ Space b etw een th in gs ■ A gap in u nderst andin g b etw een w hat th e a uth or m eans and th e a udie nce gets fro m th eir w ritin g ● Fill th e g ap w it h e xp la natio n ■ Missing in fo rma tio n ■ Cultu ra l id eals/ va lu es/ exp erie nce s/re lig io n ● Learn mo re so th at yo u d o u nderst and ● Tra nsl ate so th at yo ur re ader ca n u nderst and b eca use yo u a re fa mi lia r w it h b oth cu lt u re s ● Don’t ig nore it !

● Try to a vo id th e sa me mi su nderst andin gs in yo ur o w n w rit in g ● Id entif y yo ur pre co nce ptio ns/ pre ju dgm ents ● Try to b e o pen to n ew id eas ● Be re sp ect fu l ○ Tension ■ Stresse d, e mo tio nal, o ve rworke d, tig ht.

■ Fears, e ve nts, o ve rly se nsi tive to cri tici sm or o th er p oin ts of vi ew ■ The te nsi on th at co me s fro m disru ptio n o f yo ur w orld vi ew ■ Offensi ve (n ot to le ra nt), d isre spect fu l ■ Too h onest o r dire ct fo r th e cu lt u re ● Try to re la x th e id eas/ write r/ poin ts of vi ew a nd a llo w fo r o th ers ● Try to smo oth th e si tu atio n ● Help fo st er re sp ect fo r oth er id eas ● Try to h elp p eople u nderst and e ach o th er ● Read w it h a n o pen mi nd u ntil th e e nd ( re ad g enero usl y) ○ Contradiction ■ When so me one sa ys tw o o pposi te th in gs th at d isa gre e w it h e ach o th er ● Maybe it ’s in te ntio nal, a nd it ’s up to yo u to fig ure o ut w hat th e auth or is tryi ng to d o a nd e xp la in it .

● Maybe th e a uth or is tryi ng to h ig hlig ht th is co ntr a dict io n to m ake people d eal w it h it .

● Maybe th ey’ re d oin g it a cci denta lly: yo u co rre ct th em , o r ca ll th em out o n it .

○ Ambiguity ■ Unclear ■ Undeci ded ● Try to fig ure it o ut a nd ma ke it cl ear ● Rese arch a b it ● Try to fig ure o ut w hy th e a uth or is bein g a m big uous and w hat th ey’ re tryi ng to te ach u s.

○ Difficulty ■ Do some re se arch , fig ure it o ut!

■ Look at th e d if ficu lt y- is it b eca use th e a uth or ca n’t w rit e , o r is it b eca use they’re ta lki ng a bout so me th in g fo r w hich th ere is no e st ablish ed language?