| | 1. Define and contrast the three ethical perspectives Relativism: is the idea that one's beliefs and values are understood in terms of one's society, culture, or even one's own individual values. You may disagree with someone and believe your view is superior, relative to you as an individual; more often, relativism is described in terms of the values of the community in which one lives.
Emotivism: is a noncognitive theory of ethics because it denies, among other things, that moral claims can appeal to "facts." Rather, emotivism, as the name indicates, simply says that moral claims express an emotional response, or an attitude, we may have toward a given kind of behavior.
Ethical egoism: The literal meaning of "ego" comes from the Greek word for "self," or "I," and that notion is at the center of egoism: I do what I want to do in order to increase my own happiness, my own pleasure. Simply put, I know what I want, and something is good, or right, if it helps me to obtain that desire (and bad, or wrong, if it interferes with my doing so). If doing something promotes my own happiness or helps me reach my desired goals, I should do it.
2. How do the perspectives differ from the ethical theories? Ethical egoism is very distinct that all of the Ethical Theories, this one seem to defies them all. Instead of acting for the greater good, or building a good character egoism is all about it self. As seem in last weeks discussion these ethical perspective are all base on the individual and how the propose claims effect his beliefs, what will he gain, and how can he gain them with little to no actions. As with the Ethical Theories they are more base on how we can promote a better society. 3. What does each ethical perspective tell us about morality and virtue? - Morality: Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior (google search, 2017) - Virtue: a trait or quality that is deemed to be morally good and thus is valued as a foundation of principles and good moral being. (google search, 2017) After understanding the meaning of morality and virtue we can fully understand that these Ethical perspectives are not in line with those values stated in the definitions. The only Ethical perspective that could be inline with morality and virtue is the Relativism perspective, only because it's based of that individuals culture or society. |
