Rough Draft Qualitative Research
Running Head: PICOT STATEMENT
Title: Picot Statement and Literature Search
Name: Idalmis Espinosa
Course: NRS-433V Introduction to Nursing Research
Date:04/24/17
Nursing problem
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition that affects the joint. The immune systems try to destroy healthy body tissues for unknown reasons. With RA it affects the lining of the joints making them painful, swollen and painful. It is associated with old age, but this is not the case a research by the Arthritis foundation it can affect ages between 30- 60 years (Carteron, 2016). The study is necessary has it help man adults prevent this condition at early and old age.
RA is chronic has it progress over time with increased activity, called flames and period of remissions. The symptoms of RA vary from one individual to the other depending on the severity of the condition. The non- joint symptoms of RA include fatigue, loss of appetite and low- grade fever. The symptoms precede the painful commonly associated with RA. These signs continue with over the months before the condition grows out of proportions.
According to, (Belleza, 2017)morning stiffness is among the major symptoms of RA. The joint stiffen for about 2 t0 3 hours and sometimes longer. They can be prolonged for longer period especially during napping and watching television. Continued stiffness can lead to difficulties in simple tasks such as unbuttoning a shirt or opening a jar very hard. This especially occurs in the later stages of RA.
(Masters, 2015)Describes joint swelling and the pain as the other major symptom of RA. The joints tend to be painful, red in color and feel when touched. The article also states that smaller joints tend to be affected during the early stages which include the wrists, hands and feet. Over time. Longer joints tend to be affected such as the knees, the shoulder hips, and elbows. What differentiates RA from other arthritis it attacks symmetrically? It is likely to affect two parts of the body an example the right and the left wrist.
The exact cause of RA is not exactly known, but different factors are associated with the condition. We know the condition attacks the joints but triggers the attack is not known. According several factors are attributed to different aspects which include autoimmune, genetic susceptibility, hormones, and syvioum. Autoimmune is one of the major cause of RA, where the body attacks its healthy tissues. Antibodies found of the joint in RA case attack the tissues instead of protecting them against viruses and infection. Hormones can have also being attributed to RA, has being found that it’s twice common in women than men. This is due to the female hormone oestrogen which associated to development and progression of the condition.
The condition according to (Johm M. Davis, 2012) the study by morbidity and mortality weekly report, the center for disease and prevention control found that 52.2 million of adults in the U.S are affected by arthritis resulting to total of 23% of the population. Another study by the National Arthritis data work group showed that rheumatoid arthritis is the primary form of arthritis affecting the citizen of the United States with 1.3 million people suffering from it.
A study (Paulu, 2011) linked that women are likely to be affected by the condition, with about two- thirds of women being affected compared to one-third of men. Hormonal factors have being attributed to this, and also the different occupational women and men stated to be the possible cause of the condition occurring more in women than in men. Men tend to engage more in activities that involve a lot of physical strength compared to women.
RA conditions can be treated and managed through the various methods which include medical management, surgical management and pharmacological management (Venables, 2017). The method selected depends on the phase of RA in the body. Medical management involves rest and exercises, therapy, nutrition and biological modifiers. On the other end, pharmacological management involves use of drugs at the different stages of RA. Finally, the patient can progress through treatment to correct the condition which reconstructive surgery.
PICOT STATEMENT
For Adult patients aged between the ages of 30- 60 years, with rheumatoid arthritis RA, treatment through the use pharmacologic therapy which involves the use of drugs. These drugs are known as nonsteroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or disease- modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) at every stage of RA or surgical treatment which involves either reconstructive surgery, arthroplasty, tenorraphy. Patient who through the surgical treatment when RA is critical have likely hood of doing better than those who go through both pharmacological or the medical treatment. For patients in the early phases of RA, medical management is recommended as the patient is not at risk of permanent or unacceptable side effects that come with both the surgical and the pharmacological treatment.
References
Belleza, M. (2017, Feburary 23). Nurse labs. Retrieved from Rheumatiod Arthtisis: https://nurseslabs.com/rheumatoid-arthritis
Carteron, N. (2016, decemeber 22). Heathline. Retrieved april 24, 2017, from Know your body: Rheumatiod Arthtisis Sysmptoms in Women: http://www.healthline.com/health-slideshow/rheumatoid-arthritis-symptoms-women#2
Johm M. Davis, E. L. (2012). My Treament Approach Towards Rheumatiod Arthtisis. NCBI Resources, 7.
Masters, K. (2015). Nursing theories: A Framewok Proffesional PracticeS. United State: Jones and Bartlet Publishers.
Paulu, M. (2011, July 6). a Survey of Rheumatiod Arthtisis Patients for Self Efficacy. Retrieved from Internet Scientific Publication: ub.com/IJANP/9/2/1145
Venables, P. (2017, April 19). Patient Education :Rheumatoids Arthritis Treament ( Beyond the Basis). Retrieved from UpToDate: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/rheumatoid-arthritis-treatment-beyond-the-basics
