history question essay ( only who is good in history make shake hand )

Asan Qaighy: Oh, Khan, if I Did Not Tell You, Y ou Would Not K now . . . Introduction: Asan Qaighy was the pseudonym used by singer Kha san Sabituly, was born in the Volga River b asin in the 1360s or the 1370s. He was among the n otable biis of Ulug Mohammad, khan of the Golden Horde from 1419 to 1421 . When Ulug Mo hmmmad was defeated by political rivals and driven out of the Golden Hord e capital of Sarai in the 1422 by Bara q, Asan went with him. Ulug Mo hammad became khan once again in 1428, but was defeated again in the 1433 , and moved east to found the Kazan Khanate on the confluence of the Volga and the Kama rivers in what is now central Russia. At that time, Asan served as Ulug Mo hammad’s bard and advisor. After Ulug Mo hammad’s death, Asan re turned to the Dash t-i Kipchak (in what its now northern Kazakhstan) , where he took up service under Janibek, son of Baraq Khan in the Kipchak Steppe . The following song, attributed to Asan, is addressed to Janibek. Asan’s account of Janibek’s repeated re -location of his people evokes the unstable political and demographic situation of the steppe after Timur’s defeat of Golden Horde khan Tok tamysh in 1395 and Timur’s death in 1405, a situation in which a new political order emerged out of the ruins of the old and some pastoral groups abandoned or were driven from their old pasturelands and sought new ones. The song is offers glimpses into the internal political culture of steppe pas toralist society, including the powers of the khan and the limits of those powers. Text: ….In the steppe, saigak 1 roamed free, The fish sported in the rivers, The small stands of bushes grew in the steppe, All of these fed the people. You did not hold cou ncil on the Zhem River 2, And you led the people away from the Zhem, Your thoughts of the Oiyl River 3 were as follows: If a new land caug ht your eye, you would go there. The Oiyl brought its own grief, And, again, without holding council on the Oiyl, You l ed your people away from there. And such a land was the Edil 4: Men galloping about to no end, Being satisfied with very little, They hunted only two fat game animals And they were satisfied with that. You came to that narrow land like a subject, And here a gain, you did not hold council, And because of this, you have come to grief. ……………………………………………… 1 A species of deer that lives in the Eurasian Steppe 2 The Emba River, which is located in what is now wester n Kazakhstan . It flows into the Caspian Sea 3 The Uil River, located in what is now western Kazakhstan. 4 The Volga River Basin. Our wanderings have made us weary, The Edil River and the Zhaik 5 Along one, you pasture in summer, Along the other , you pass the winter, And you submerge your ha nds In gold and silver! [. . .] Oh, Khan, if I did not tell you, you would not know, And you would not listen to me. Your people are scattered over a great distance, And you do not know for certain where they now lie, You drink kumis and grow flushed, And you grow drunk and sweat, As if there were no other khan but you. Why do you speak without thinking? You built a fortress with your own hard labor And now your laborers are fit for naught but drink and idleness. Why do you not know this? You broke with the traditions of the khans, By taking a wife from among the lowest folk. She will not bear you a son worthy of ruling your people And the legacy of your ancestors will be lost. Why do you not know this? Once there was a sparrow with clipped wings, And the rats fell upon him and plucked his feathers. The swan, queen of birds, Swam freely in the lake, The enemies gathered and lay in wait, And fell upon the people. The fate of that sparrow, May soon be your fate as well, You have many slaves who would kill you, And I know this. Why do you not know it? …If your will listen to me, seek a new dwelling for yourself, If I mount my horse, Jelmaya, and look for another land, Move your people to the land I find. Why do you not know this? …Oh, Janibek, think on this, Hard times are coming, When the mighty pike that swam in the river, May find himself out of water. 5 The Ural River, which flows through the Republic of Bashkortostan and Orenburg Oblast’ in modern day Russia and into western Kazakhstan. Why do you not know this? Forgive me, Janibek, You will not see me anymore!