W9A4
THE FOUNDATION – ASSIGNMENT 2
Introduction
There is an apparent interest in how campus residential settings affect a student’s welfare, growth and performance. The research on this topic varies from the journals to unpublished evaluation done by residential life and student welfare professionals. The outcomes of previous studies majored on academic success, social participation believes, and cognitive outputs which, however, did not cover the scope entirely since the effects of students living on campus or off campus remain elusive. This was because of the hard time researchers go through to determine the causal effects from data (de Araujo, & Murray, 2010). The focus on the comparison of two variables, i.e., of those who choose to live on campus versus off campus is biased due to the omission of variables. The students’ on-campus ride on the advantage of participating in academic as well as social activities and maximize on the school's resources hence resulting those exhibiting partially better results. Living on campus is contributed on due to the need of access to studying support performance relying on previous poor performance. The financial aspect may be a great contributor since the cost of halls of residential and general upkeep is much more reduced than that of off-campus housing.
Academic Outcomes
There is a mixed-up literature on the effect that college living arrangements have on one's academic performance. Research by Turley & Wodtke, (2010), using quantitative data established findings that it is the African American students living the halls of residence that had a higher GPA score as compared to those in living off campus. However, the same research did establish that there was no major differential based on the entire sample. The students who were living on campus had sentiments on being less prevalent to dropping out of school and would complete their college degree within the stipulated four years whereas those off campus had a greater possibility of taking a longer time to finish their degree course. According to Cutright, (2010), living on-campus enables the students to concentrate fully on their studies since they have complete access to college amenities and they can manage their time well hence making it convenient. The students can manage their coursework schedule very easily. This conclusion is based on on-campus students having a higher persistence as compared to the on-campus. A percentage of those interviewed created a variation on the reason for living on campus, which is that they had the academic impairment and needed an inclusive environment to enrich their educational experiences (de Araujo, & Murray, 2010).
Social and Educational Connectedness
Research has shown that students living on campus have easier access to school amenities and programs and hence are more involved in social activities as compared to the ones living off campus. The interactions they engage in while living in school create foundations of meaningful relationships the people living campus experience new social interactions every day and the mixed research method shows that they made greater friendships in the first year than their counterparts in the first year. This friendship significantly contributed to their faster integration to the university systems. In addition, research by NSSE collaborates the findings that on-campus students have better engagement activities in comparison to the commuter students. (Kuh et al., 2001). On the other hand, living off campus will allow the student all the privacy required making it more comfortable. Students can interact and network with non-students since their neighbours are working class individuals. It allows students to become responsible, as they are independent adults.
Health
The focus on literature regarding health has been on alcohol and drug use. There are no clear-cut lines on how each category due to the element of bias. The scope on this is limited to social interactions since the habit would only increase with an association of peers using the drugs and social activities the students engage on (Snider, 2017. The schools have tried to have competent, supportive staff and programs to decrease the use of drugs and designing of activities, which do not involve drugs. The upcoming gap not addressed in previous studies would be on mental illness that has become prevalent due to excessive drug use as well as a lack of proper psychological support to students living on campus Turley & Wodtke, (2010).
Campus Location
A study that focused on the differences and advantages between residing in campus hostels as compared to off campus established the following. In most cases, colleges and universities are located in cities and town centres (Pike, 1999). It makes it difficult for students from rural areas to commute or attend college while living with their parents. Therefore, the only option available is either living in campus hostels or leaving the college. Students attending colleges in the traditional four-year system are presented with the opportunity to live away from home as they enter into adulthood. It will allow them to learn issues relating to responsibilities and manage their resources efficiently (Marquit. (2017). It enables them to become responsible adults’ in future after college as they get jobs and become responsible citizens. The study shows that the reason for living on campus was highly advantageous to the students.
Although the researchers have focussed on the living arrangements on students in college, gaps have been established on even with decades of research. The selection bias has been the fundamental limitation in the studies reviewed which based on the methodology employed in carrying out research. It can be noted that majority of the research had a greater focus on the issue of living arrangements other than the correlation on the issues presented. The detailed review on the particular school resources that students exploit while living on campus is also lacking and how the counterparts living arrangements affect their utilization of living arrangements.
References
Cutright, P. (2010). Students' Decision to Attend College. Journal of Educational Sociology, 33(6), 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/226618
De Araujo, P., & Murray, J. (2010). Estimating the effects of dormitory living on student performance.
Kuh, G. D., Gonyea, R. M., & Palmer, M. (2001). The Disengaged Commuter Student: Fact or Fiction? Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research and Planning.
Marquit. (2017). How to Afford College Living Expenses - College Expenses. Student Loan. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://www.studentloan.com/plan/college-living-expenses/
Pike, G. R. (1999). The effects of residential learning communities and traditional residential living arrangements on educational gains during the first year of college. Journal of college student development, 40(3), 269.
Snider, S. (2017). Weigh the Pros; Cons to Living at Home in College. Usnews.com. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/paying-for-college/articles/2015/08/05/weigh-the-benefits-drawbacks-to-living-at-home-during-college
Turley, R. N. L., & Wodtke, G. (2010). College Residence and Academic Performance: Who Benefits from Living on Campus? Urban Education, 45, 506-532
THE LITERATURE REVIEW – ASSIGNMENT 3
Introduction
There is an apparent interest in how campus residential settings affect a student’s welfare, growth and performance. The research on this topic varies from the journals to unpublished evaluation done by residential life and student welfare professionals. The outcomes of previous studies majored on academic success, social participation believes, and cognitive outputs which, however, did not cover the scope entirely since the effects of students living on campus or off campus remain elusive. This was because of the hard time researchers go through to determine the causal effects from data (de Araujo, & Murray, 2010). The focus on the comparison of two variables, i.e., of those who choose to live on campus versus off campus is biased due to the omission of variables. The students’ on-campus ride on the advantage of participating in academic as well as social activities and maximize on the school's resources hence resulting those exhibiting partially better results. Living on campus is contributed on due to the need of access to studying support performance relying on previous poor performance. The financial aspect may be a great contributor since the cost of halls of residential and general upkeep is much more reduced than that of off-campus housing.
Academic Outcomes
There is a mixed-up literature on the effect that college living arrangements have on one's academic performance. Research by Turley & Wodtke, (2010), using quantitative data established findings that it is the African American students living the halls of residence that had a higher GPA score as compared to those in living off campus. However, the same research did establish that there was no major differential based on the entire sample. The students who were living on campus had sentiments on being less prevalent to dropping out of school and would complete their college degree within the stipulated four years whereas those off campus had a greater possibility of taking a longer time to finish their degree course. According to Cutright, (2010), living on-campus enables the students to concentrate fully on their studies since they have complete access to college amenities and they can manage their time well hence making it convenient. The students can manage their coursework schedule very easily. This conclusion is based on on-campus students having a higher persistence as compared to the on-campus. A percentage of those interviewed created a variation on the reason for living on campus, which is that they had the academic impairment and needed an inclusive environment to enrich their educational experiences (de Araujo, & Murray, 2010).
Social and Educational Connectedness
Research has shown that students living on campus have easier access to school amenities and programs and hence are more involved in social activities as compared to the ones living off campus. The interactions they engage in while living in school create foundations of meaningful relationships the people living campus experience new social interactions every day and the mixed research method shows that they made greater friendships in the first year than their counterparts in the first year. This friendship significantly contributed to their faster integration to the university systems. In addition, research by NSSE collaborates the findings that on-campus students have better engagement activities in comparison to the commuter students. (Kuh et al., 2001). On the other hand, living off campus will allow the student all the privacy required making it more comfortable. Students can interact and network with non-students since their neighbours are working class individuals. It allows students to become responsible, as they are independent adults.
Health
The focus on literature regarding health has been on alcohol and drug use. There are no clear-cut lines on how each category due to the element of bias. The scope on this is limited to social interactions since the habit would only increase with an association of peers using the drugs and social activities the students engage on (Snider, 2017. The schools have tried to have competent, supportive staff and programs to decrease the use of drugs and designing of activities, which do not involve drugs. The upcoming gap not addressed in previous studies would be on mental illness that has become prevalent due to excessive drug use as well as a lack of proper psychological support to students living on campus Turley & Wodtke, (2010).
Campus Location
A study that focused on the differences and advantages between residing in campus hostels as compared to off campus established the following. In most cases, colleges and universities are located in cities and town centres (Pike, 1999). It makes it difficult for students from rural areas to commute or attend college while living with their parents. Therefore, the only option available is either living in campus hostels or leaving the college. Students attending colleges in the traditional four-year system are presented with the opportunity to live away from home as they enter into adulthood. It will allow them to learn issues relating to responsibilities and manage their resources efficiently (Marquit. (2017). It enables them to become responsible adults’ in future after college as they get jobs and become responsible citizens. The study shows that the reason for living on campus was highly advantageous to the students.
Although the researchers have focussed on the living arrangements on students in college, gaps have been established on even with decades of research. The selection bias has been the fundamental limitation in the studies reviewed which based on the methodology employed in carrying out research. It can be noted that majority of the research had a greater focus on the issue of living arrangements other than the correlation on the issues presented. The detailed review on the particular school resources that students exploit while living on campus is also lacking and how the counterparts living arrangements affect their utilization of living arrangements.
References
Cutright, P. (2010). Students' Decision to Attend College. Journal of Educational Sociology, 33(6), 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/226618
De Araujo, P., & Murray, J. (2010). Estimating the effects of dormitory living on student performance.
Kuh, G. D., Gonyea, R. M., & Palmer, M. (2001). The Disengaged Commuter Student: Fact or Fiction? Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research and Planning.
Marquit. (2017). How to Afford College Living Expenses - College Expenses. Student Loan. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://www.studentloan.com/plan/college-living-expenses/
Pike, G. R. (1999). The effects of residential learning communities and traditional residential living arrangements on educational gains during the first year of college. Journal of college student development, 40(3), 269.
Snider, S. (2017). Weigh the Pros; Cons to Living at Home in College. Usnews.com. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/paying-for-college/articles/2015/08/05/weigh-the-benefits-drawbacks-to-living-at-home-during-college
Turley, R. N. L., & Wodtke, G. (2010). College Residence and Academic Performance: Who Benefits from Living on Campus? Urban Education, 45, 506-532
