FOR WIZARD KIN - 6-8 PAGE PAPER HOBBES AND LOCKE

Running head: OUTLINE AND ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 0

Outline and Annotated Bibliography

Amanda McCauley

Rasmussen College

Outline

Thesis statement

In history, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were famous philosophers and political theorists. Both Locke and Hobbes developed some philosophical ideas that has shaped the role of authority and government I society and the individual life. Hobbes wondered how a society could operate without an establishment of rules and regulations thus can cause contemporary problems. On the other hand, Locke expressed that a government should work to serve the interests of its people. This paper analyzes the Hobbes and Locke’s political philosophical views and social arrangements that can help address common problems in society. This is based on their philosophies on of human nature, the state of nature and social contract.

Outline

Introduction
Ideologies on human nature.

Hobbes believed that human beings are complex organism and sophisticate machined.
Hobbes also said that men are constantly seeking power and personal passion controls them
Locke viewed human nature as controlled by tolerance and reason
Man is also a social being in nature

Ideologies on the state of nature

Hobbes believed that any human being has a right to do according to their ability to protect their freedom and security.
In order for man to solve the nagging feeling of fear, they constant they aim to escape from the state of nature and war
Locke proposes that in the state of nature even without the establishment of civil societies people lived in peace and there was equality.
Locke believes that humans can differentiate between right and wrong and two wrongs cannot make a right.

Philosophies on social contract

Hobbes believed in the suppression of death fears in order to restrain out passion
He also said that political authority is not legitimate
Locke suggested that people would live in fear of each other
A person in authority cannot serve to be the judge and participant since it will cause conflict of interest

Conclusion

Hobbes and Locke had different views on their philosophical viewpoints on human nature, social contract, and state of nature. Their philosophical views have shaped the social arrangements.

Annotated bibliography

Nadon, C. (2014). The Secular Basis of the Separation of Church and State: Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Tocqueville. Perspectives On Political Science, 43(1), 21-30. doi:10.1080/10457097.2013.852045

This article presents an argument that Locke’s ideas and philosophies assist in the proper understanding of ecclesiastical liberty. This has enable him to separate various institutions such as religion from politics and state from church. Hobbes was trying to draw a difference between temporal powers and spiritual powers. Hobbes’ work was targeted at protestant audience and blames the temporal powers for some of the social problems and disorders. This article is relevant to the research topic since it provides grounded information concerning the foundation of Locke’s work and Hobbes’ philosophical views on contemporary issues. It is also related with the other source because it discusses on philosophical views of Locke and Hobbes.

Vinnicombe, T., & Staveley, R. (2002). John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and the development of political economy. International Journal of Social Economics, 29(9), 690-705.

This article acknowledges that Locke and Hobbes were associated with the foundations of political economy. However, their pholosiphical works and ideas differ is several ways when analyzed critically. For example, in his natural law teaching, Hobbes proposed that a monarchy is a deficiency. On the other hand, Locke made a detailed explanation of the natural law teaching than had been presented by Hobbes. In addition, Locke’s teachings were more relevant hence widely accepted. This article is applicable and relevant to my research topic as it discusses Locke and Hobbes’ views on political economy. It also presents their divergent views on other contemporary issues. The article presents vital information that will help in literature review.

Macpherson, C. B. (2010). The political theory of possessive individualism: Hobbes to Locke.

This article discusses the importance of the liberal-democratic theory from Hobbes to Locke. The author states that the greatest difficulty in the contemporary society is the notion of individuality. This is the basis of classical liberalism which creates possessive politics. Such backgrounds have established an individual as the one who does not owe anything to the society. It also argues that is through the political society that lead to the protection of property since the economic systems are based on the property. The article is related to the other sources by presenting the different views in political economy based on the works of Locke and Hobbes. It is relevant to the topic of study due to the philosophical basis of political economy.

Elahi, M. (n.d.). Summary of Social Contract Theory by Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2410525

This article discusses the social contract theory from the original views of Locke, Hobbes and Rousseau. In addition, it discusses what is meant by the social contract theory and its background. It goes ahead to discuss in detail the state of nature according to the three philosophers that is Locke, Hobbes and Rousseau. In the paper also, the difference in opinions of these philosophers connecting the social contract with state of nature is presented. There is critical appraisal of the social contract theory and application in the contemporary society. This article is relevant to the research topic since it discusses the social contract theory. It relates to the other sources in that it present the different views of Hobbes and Locke in relation to the social contract theory.

Bond, N. (2011). Rational Natural Law and German Sociology: Hobbes, Locke and Tönnies. British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 19(6), 1175-1200.

In this article the author presents Tonnies basis for the social theory on the work of Hobbes and Locke. The author proposes to establish the rationalist foundations through which Tonnies establish his social theory. These are grounded on the work that Hobbes and Locke although he wanted viewed that there are some shortcomings in the work. Through this analysis and rationalization we are able to get the distinct philosophies of Locke and Hobbies as applied in the German philosophy. This article addresses the social constructs of our society and the common problems we encounter hence its relevance. In addition, it is also related with the above sources by presenting the work of Locke and Hobbes through the eyes of another theorist and philosopher.

References

Bond, N. (2011). Rational Natural Law and German Sociology: Hobbes, Locke and Tönnies. British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 19(6), 1175-1200.

Elahi, M. (n.d.). Summary of Social Contract Theory by Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2410525

Macpherson, C. B. (2010). The political theory of possessive individualism: Hobbes to Locke.

Vinnicombe, T., & Staveley, R. (2002). John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and the development of political economy. International Journal of Social Economics, 29(9), 690-705.