MN504 Unit 5 Assignment

Running head: EFFECTIVE OBESITY MANAGEMENT 0

Effective Obesity Management

Kaplan University

Topic Selection 42/42

EBP Overview 48/48

Length 6/6

Format/Style 20/24

Total 116/120 Outstanding paper with APA errors.

Introduction

With this paper, I will share my research topic question, after much consideration, I came across the best way to address the question and yield evidence based practice results. My question is: is bariatric surgery effective in yielding long term success when compared to lifestyle changes, in the obese population? I will also include the use of reputable reliable search resources such as Cochrane Database. There are significant healthcare issues that can be addressed within my area of specialty, and the focus in healthcare should be to create a better environment where best healthcare decisions can be made. The understanding of these healthcare issues provides a better environment where better practices can be developed and implemented. The focus, in this case is on better considerations in dealing with obesity. The growing prevalence of obesity amongst adults and children is a major public health challenge both nationally and internationally. Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of developing a range of other health problems such as coronary heart disease (CHD), type 2 diabetes, some cancers, and stroke and reduce life expectancy. The concerns of obesity are not limited to the direct impact on health. In the view of the dynamic changes in lifestyles, there has been a paradigm shift in statistics from how it used to be in late 20th century and early 21st century. Statistically, 24% of men and 25% of women are obese. Therefore, there are two critical ways that obesity can be controlled and this include through lifestyle change or bariatric surgery (Vartanian and Fardouly, 2014).

Picot Question

The research question, in this case, will follow the etiology format since we are comparing the effectiveness of these two obesity control measures. Therefore, the research question will be as follows:

Is bariatric surgery effective in yielding long term success when compared to lifestyle changes, in the obese population?

Cochrane Database

Conducting this research with a database that is evidence based is very important because it will provide valid information. Cochrane Database searches for evidence based topics, has free website access, and, according to our text book this database is comprised of six Cochrane databases, the Cochran’s gold standard database is the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews better known as the CDSR (Melnick & Fineout-Overholt, 2015). I also used Kaplan library, as I find it as a valuable tool with multiple peer-reviewed articles that are reliable. According to our text book, systematic reviews are important to the researcher since it will yield the most evidence based practice with minimum potential for bias, it is also known for having a strong approach to the summary of the research, there are other types of research methods that can be used which are: meta-analysis, integrative review, and narrative review (Melnick & Fineout-Overholt, 2015).

The focus of the problem

Obesity has been a major thorn in the health sector for a very long time even though the rate of increases has not been like the one being witnessed currently. In the last five years, two in ten children in the developed countries were obese that rate has highly increased with the current statistics indicating that four in ten children are obese . This is a very alarming rate hence it has attracted various stakeholders to consider the issue. The number of adult obese is also skyrocketing given the fact that there is a high chance that obese children will be obese adults. There was a study conducted on obese adults where there were implementations of diet, and exercise followed for a year, conclusion was that there was not sufficient reporting outcomes to measure results, and the reporting methods used were inappropriate . (Mastellos, Gunn, Felix, Car, & Majeed, 2014). Researchers should consider conducting this study again, results from the study will be beneficial.

According to Coen and Goodpaster (2016), various treatment mechanisms can be used to treat obese patients especially when the prevalence in the body is still low. Treatment of obese individuals can be categorized into two categories, obesity treatment in adults and children since they are not subjected to the same type of treatment because of different body compositions. Any particular therapeutic interventions in a child with obesity must be able to achieve control of both the weight gain and reduction in body mass index. Loss of about 20% of the body weight can lead to a reduction of the various health risks related to obesity (Coen and Goodpaster, 2016).

B ariatric surgery, therefore, has been significantly considered as a key focus is in controlling obesity. This method has been significantly engaged because it is highly successful however the challenge that arises is that it does not focus on preventive measures but it seeks to engage the already obese which means that it is difficult to control obesity significantly. A significant focus has been on the change of lifestyle and overall wellbeing of individuals. This is considered the most important method that can be considered in creating a healthy society.

According to Chan, and Woo, (2017) despite the various solutions that can reduce the obesity amongst the patients, a population-based strategy is the surest means of reducing obesity amongst patients whose benefits cannot get unnoticed. Proposal and implementation of obesity prevention methodologies focus on the causative elements resulting in obesity. The prevention strategy focuses on lifestyle change barriers from community, personal, socioeconomic and environmental levels. The strategy would involve different stakeholders, organizations, and different medical institutions.

Developing preventive measures in handling obesity is a clear, effective strategy when considering that all stakeholders will be very much corporative efforts. However, it important to understand the need or the total cost that is likely to be engaged in creating a clear plan. The focus has been significantly on the underlying causes of obesity since it is much easier to deal with the risk factors rather than obesity-related complications.

Rabkin and Campbell (2015) asserts that despite the common knowledge among individuals that fast foods are largely risky to human health, fast foods eateries and restaurants have been significantly embraced by vast population, which makes it a booming business. This shows that controlling the risk factors to obesity may be a clever idea, but it is very difficult to implement such consideration, which is significantly embraced despite, is detrimental nature of human health. However, it is important to understand these two techniques the important intervention that creates a significant environment where the long-term success can be determined (Rabkin and Campbell, 2015).

Summary

To conduct this research, I used databases that produce reliable evidence based research. Cochrane Database, has free website access, but according to our text book there are six Cochrane databases and the Cochrane’s gold standard database is the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews better known as the CDSR (Melnick & Fineout-Overholt, 2015). I also used as reference Kaplan library, as I find it as a valuable tool. Conducting systematic reviews are important to the researcher since it will yield the most evidence based practice with minimum potential for bias, according to our text book, there are other types of research methods that can be used which are: meta-analysis, integrative review, and narrative review (Melnick & Fineout-Overholt, 2015).

Determining the best intervention where obesity can prevent is an important thing to help the increasingly high population of obese people not only in the United States but also across the globe. Thus, determining the long-term success is key in choosing between bariatric surgery and lifestyle changes in dealing with obesity. Considering that obesity is a lifestyle disease the better engagement must be developed putting into focus this aspect.

References

Chan, R., & Woo, J. (2017). Prevention of Overweight and Obesity: How Effective is the Current Public Health Approach. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2872299/

Coen, P. M., & Goodpaster, B. H. (2016). A role for exercise after bariatric surgery? Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 18 (1), 16-23.

Mastellos, N., Gunn, L. H., Felix, L. M., Car, J., & Majeed, A. (2014). Transtheoretical model

stages of change for dietary and physical exercise modification in weight loss management for overweight and obese adults. The Cochrane Database Of Systematic Reviews, (2), CD008066. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008066.pub3

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2015). Evidence-Based Practice in nursing and

healthcare: A guide to best practice (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health

Rabkin, S. W., & Campbell, H. (2015). Comparison of reducing epicardial fat by exercise, diet or bariatric surgery weight loss strategies: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Obesity Reviews, 16 (5), 406-415.

Vartanian, L. R., & Fardouly, J. (2014). Reducing the stigma of bariatric surgery: benefits of providing information about necessary lifestyle changes. Obesity, 22(5), 1233-1237.