I need help writing a literature review. I have the 4 articles that need to be reviewed. The one I wrote is included in the attached files Two of the articles are written as PDF's in the uploads and t

Literature Review

Lara Nelson

South University

Dr. McGonigal

December 5, 2017

Abstract

The purpose of this research study is look at the interventions for obesity. Patients have several options to obtain weight loss and maintain a healthier lifestyle. This study will look at conventional weight loss verses weight loss surgery. Which weight loss intervention is better for the patient and which one has better weight loss results?

In the United States obesity, has been a significant health risk for many people. According to the Center of Disease Control, from the 2011-2014 over 39% of the population over the age of 20 were considered obese (Carroll, Fryar, Hales, & & Ogden, 2017). Obesity can be the cause of many other chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, just as a few examples (Jarolimova, Stern, & Tagoni, 2013). With these significant numbers, it is very hard for Americans to lose the weight. Many people are moving to weight loss surgery.

Literature Review

Conventional weight loss has been the gold standard up until the 1950’s when the first weight loss surgery occurred. In an article written by N. Kliemann, V. Vickerstaff, H. Croker, F. Johnson, I. Nazareth, and R. Beeken, they state that there are 10 tips that will help obese patients loss weight and maintain it. In this study it gives the participants a pamphlet and they are supposed to keep a journal of their progress. The study calls this self-regulating their progress. In this study it showed that the participants that did follow the 10 tips and kept a journal, had a better weight loss outcome. These participants were able to maintain their weight loss.

In another article written by D. Rogerson, H. Soltani, and R. Copeland, describes the struggles of conventional weight loss surergy. In this study, the participants feel like the weight loss journey is, “difficult and enduring journey, with physical, cognitive, behavioral, social and environmental dimensions” (Rogerson, Soltani, & Copeland, 2016). This study shows the emotions of a person going through their weight loss journey. By understanding these emotions and their struggles, it will helps educate and support the patient on their weight loss journey.

In the 1950’s, the first doctor performed weight loss surgery. These first surgeries were not successful and had many complications. In 1960 they started performing the Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass surgery. This is the gold standard for weight loss surgery. In this surgery they turn a patient’s stomach into a smaller pouch. They then reroute the patient’s intestines to create a malabsorption of nutrients that can cause weight gain (Adeyeri, 2016). Since the creation of the Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass surgery, there has been other surgeries that they now use for weight loss, including, gastric banding and the gastric sleeve.

In an article written by A. Hollywood, J. Ogden, and M. Hashemi, they say that even though weight loss surgery is a more successful way to lose weight, the patient does not always meet their weight loss goals. This study asserts that if a patient invests more, such as time and money, that the weight loss surgery will be more successful. This study shows a positive correlation between investing time and energy in weight loss to the positive outcome of weight loss.

The last article has been written by T. I. Karlsen, R. S. Lund, S. Tonstad, G. K. Natvig, R. Sandbu, and J. Hjelmesæth, it compares conventional weight loss to weight loss surgery. This article finds that weight loss surgery is better for initial weight loss. It finds that weight loss surgery significantly improves the health-related quality of life as opposed to just the intense lifestyle change.

Reference

Adeyeri, A. (2016). 12 Things You Should Know About RNY Gastric Bypass. Retrieved from Obesity Help: http://www.obesityhelp.com/articles/12-things-you-should-know-about-rny-gastric-bypass

Carroll, M., Fryar, C., Hales, C., & & Ogden, C. (2017, October). Prevalance of Obesity Among Adults and Youth: United States, 2015-2016. NCHS Data Brief, 288. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db288.htm

Hollywood, A., Ogden, J., & Hashemi, M. (2015). A randomised control trial assessing the impact of an investment based intervention on weight-loss, beliefs and behaviour after bariatric surgery: study protocol. BMC Obesity, 2(1), 1-5. doi:10.1186/s40608-015-0048-8

Jarolimova, J., Stern, T., & Tagoni, J. (2013). Obesity: Its Epidemiology, Comorbidities, and Management. The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders, 15(5). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907314/

Karlsen, T. I., Lund, R. S., Tonstad, S., Natvig, G. K., Sandbu, R., & & Hjelmesæth, J. (2013). Health related quality of life after gastric bypass or intensive lifestyle intervention: a controlled clinical study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 1-10. Retrieved from http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=5&sid=d7b9e6e6-1856-4104-beb9-e1f1226584d8%40sessionmgr4007

Kliemann, N., Vickerstaff, V., Croker, H., Johnson, F., Nazareth, I., & Beeken, R. (2017). The role of self-regulatory skills and automaticity on the effectiveness of a brief weight loss habit-based intervention: secondary analysis of the 10 top tips randomised trial. International Journal Of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity, 14(1), 1-11. doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0578-8

Rogerson, D., Soltani, H., & Copeland, R. (2016). he weight-loss experience: a qualitative exploration. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1-12. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3045-6