Assignment 2: Introduction and Revised PICOT QuestionRevise your PICOT question on the basis of the feedback you received on Week 3 Assignment 2. Submit your introduction and revised PICOT question as

First Author

(Year)

Conceptual Framework

Design/Method

Sample and Setting

Major Variables Studied (and Their Definitions)

Measurement

Data Analysis

Findings

Appraisal: Worth to Practice

Kobayashi, et al., 2012

none

3 year Retrospective cohort study

21,469 healthy adults > 20 yrs with BMI > 25 and weight gain who presented for health checkups; Tokyo, Japan

BMI, sleep duration, weight gain

Self reported average nightly sleep duration

Regression analysis

< 5 hrs sleep per night may facilitate weight gain; optimal duration to mitigate weight gain is 7 hrs

Strengths: size, length of study

Weaknesses: Japanese population only; no qualitative data (sleep habits, quality), potential confounder: OSA; 7,649 not included in analysis due to loss data

Alfaris, et al., 2015

none

2 year

RCT

390 obese (BMI 30-50) men & women divided in 3 weight loss intervention programs (differed in consultation intensity); University of Pennsylvania

Sleep duration and quality, mood, BMI, weight

PSQI survey; Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) mood assessment; administered at baseline, 6 and 24 months

P value

losing 5% of initial

weight is associated with short-term improvement in sleep duration

and quality & favorable short- and long-term changes

in mood

Favorable results in all 3 intervention groups; 1/3 to 1/5 of all 3 groups lost 5% of initial weight

Strengths: 86% retention rate

Weaknesses: absence of larger mean weight losses

Knox, 2015

none

Systematic review

67 studies narrowed to 2 (RCT and cohort)

Sleep duration and quality, BMI, weight

PSQI survey, BMI, weight

P value,

RR

Inconclusive;

whether

PCPs should emphasize sleep in the treatment of obese

patients remains unanswered

Strengths:

Higher level data

Weakness:

Only two studies

Coughlin & Smith, 2014

none

Thematic review of four 2008 systematic review

4 systematic reviews

Sleep duration, BMI, weight

Self- reports, PSQI

Pooled analysis, OR

Support for an association between short sleep duration & weight gain

There is good experimental &

substantive longitudinal data linking short sleep to

increased weight gain & obesity as well as to behaviors

implicated in weight gain

Filitrault, et al., 2014

none

RCT, dietary intervention of 12-16 weeks

n = 150 with avg BMI 33.3

BMI,

anthropometric measurements, eating behavior traits (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire), PSQI score & sleep duration @ baseline & post intervention

Self reports, PSQI

P value

changes in

strategic dieting behavior were constantly negatively associated with changes in body weight and fat mass (P<0.05) for recommended duration sleepers

Eating behavior traits & sleep may act together to

influence the outcome of weight-loss programs