Read the short story "Mother Sauvage" by Guy de Maupassant before answering this three-part request: 1. Identify THREE of these literary elements in the story, and explain how you recognize them: o Pl

What are keywords? Within a piece of writing, k eywords provide a way for y ou to locate k ey or main ideas in a piece of writing, whether informativ e, literary, or scholarly .

Writers will purposefully use and repeat words throughout their writing to add unit y and cohesion to the over all structure and organization. R epetition of a keyword may occur through a synon ym (a single word or a phr ase), such as using “sightless” or “loss of vision” for “blind.” How can keywords help us to understand the theme or other literary element of a short story, such as plot, character, setting, or diction? Writers will frequently repeat words or use synon yms to underscore an important idea or concept. First off , if you come across a word, and y ou are unsure of its meaning, then mak e sure you highlight or flag it so y ou can look up its definition. Next, when reading for a theme or other literary element, locate repeated k eywords that signal the literary elements of the short story. You should read closely and carefully , noting words or synonyms that repeatedly draw the reader's attention to features such as theme, plot, char acterization or character, and a t ype of diction. In identif ying keywords in a print book, y ou may have underlined or highlighted them. Y ou may also ha ve written notes to y ourself in the margins. For a demonstr ation on annotating a liter ary passage, view this YouTube video:

https://www .youtube.com/w atch?v=EJ8nhlzYx9o Why should I annotate a text? The first time y ou read one of the short stories for this class, you will be doing what is considered passiv e reading. In order to understand and connect with the story more fully, you ha ve to k eep tr ack of what y ou are reading, and you will w ant to mark things that stood out to y ou, or that you need to come back to later because y ou have questions. In short, b y reading the story more than once and annotating it, you are engaging in active reading , which will impro ve y our experience as a reader . You will comprehend more, remember more, react more, and possibly visualiz e more. Therefore, the reason to annotate is to become an activ e reader.

How can I annotate a digital text ? If the text is in PDF format, y ou can utilize the highlight feature and the sticky note feature to add y our comments. If you save a PDF to your local hard driv e, then you can use Microsoft Edge (Windows) or Preview (Mac) to annotate the PDF . For Windows, right -click on the PDF file in y our file explorer, and select Open with > Microsoft Edge. Highlight a portion of the text, and y ou will see the annotation menu and options. 5/21/2020 Week 1, Section 2. Keywords and Annotation - ENGL 102 6388 Composition and Literature (2205) https://learn.umgc.edu/d2l/le/content/538751/viewContent/18808259/V iew 2/3 For Mac, use the Preview app's markup menu. Go to View > Show Markup T oolbar To annotate an e-book, y ou can take advantage of the multiple features and tools available in y our e-book reader , whether Kindle, iBooks, or Google Pla y Books.

How do I develop a strategy for annotation? Regardless of whether y ou’re reading in digital or print format, y ou will find it helpful to dev elop a strategy for annotations.

With some pr actice, you can become proficient in organizing y our notes in ways that not only help y ou understand the text but also in using evidence from the text in y our own writing about literature, as we will do in this class. Here is a suggested format to help you locate k eywords within a digital text: Once you have identified a particular k eyword, you can use the search feature to locate all the areas where that word is used. Y ou can then make further annotations, such as highlighting or making a comment. In Adobe reader and in most browsers, you can use the CTRL -F command to find words.

As you locate k eywords, you can then annotate as needed. Highlighting pro vides a quick visual for you to locate keywords if you are scanning the text later to locate pertinent information. Y ou will also want to record y our own ideas and reactions to the text, which y ou can do by making comments in the margin. T o help you organiz e your comments, y ou could use the str ategy of designating the left and right side margins for different purposes. F or example: Left side comments: Just the facts; present the summary . Chunk when necessary, i.e., summariz e two to three par agraphs that seem to belong together .

This strategy is particularly helpful to break down or unpack dense information.

Right side comments: Look back at y our chunks that y ou noted on the left side. What is happening in those chunks? Use an action v erb to describe what is happening. If you are reading for a purpose, such as answering a question based on the text, you can also use sticky notes to add those comments. Use the right - side comments for any additional questions or reactions to the text. You could also devise a str ategy that is color-coded, shape-oriented (circles, squares around text), or the lik e -- whichever makes the most sense to y ou and helps you visually return to k eywords and sections of the text. How do I develop written material from my annotations and comments? When you are reading critically , you will usually ha ve a goal in mind, such as a response to a question or the dev elopment of a larger piece of writing, lik e the paper assignment for this class. You may find it helpful to summariz e your comments so that y ou can transfer those main ideas to y our own writing.

You will also w ant to document y our source material, so k eep track of page numbers. W e will be looking at more formal MLA st yle documentation shortly, but for our purposes now, you will be required only to note the page number(s) of the material y ou’re bringing into your writing.

You can now mo ve into using these skills to help y ou locate the keywords in a digital or print document, annotate it, and summariz e what you have done. 5/21/2020 Week 1, Section 2. Keywords and Annotation - ENGL 102 6388 Composition and Literature (2205) https://learn.umgc.edu/d2l/le/content/538751/viewContent/18808259/V iew 3/3