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Hughs

Kari Hughs

Nikki Williams

English 101

26 May 2020

Enhancing natural judgments

Introduction: Every wonder how you are able to “vibe” a situation? Thin slicing is what that is , and it has nothing to do with pizza. Thin slicing is the brains way of deciphering information and filtering out all the information that is insignificant while processing the information that will help you make the best conclusion.

Attention Getter: We are basically robots
Presentation of the problem:
Background of the problem: Thin-Slicing is relevant to many social matters, and it is producing positive effects on social life. On the other hand, it is not favorable in some conditions as our first decision about any person in the first meeting changed in the second meeting.
Definitions of relevant terms: Thin-slicing is a term that is the precise judgments observing the behavior and actions in less than five minutes. The information that is gathered in this period of time is sometimes accurate, and often it can be wrong too.

Chunking relates to the mind's ability to assimilate large amounts of information into a cluster that is bound together by certain patterns or principles particular to a given discipline....in a nutshell, chunking relates to the mind's ability to take lots of information, find a harmonizing/logical consistent strain, and put it together into one mental file that can be accessed as if it were a single piece of information."

Flow Josh - flow Josh refers to above is where action takes place with little conscious thought where most of the time one simply trusts unconscious processes to perform actions from cues in the environment. This is a high state of concentration and focus that produces the most optimal moves.

Thesis: Using rapid judgment to access a person or scene could mean the difference of life or death

Topic Sentence #1- Claim 1: Rapid cognition could save you from danger as well as make certain situations work to your advantage

Explain your topic sentence (reason): People that use rapid cognition on a daily basis are experts at dealing with emergency situations
Introduce evidence 1: Real experts are truly highly skilled and can usually rely on their rapid cognition, but they are still likely to fail on occasion. This is because, as good and useful as rapid cognition is

State the evidence-quote: Rapid cognition is capable, not only of making good choices where people have real expert knowledge but sometimes it is the only system that can be used

Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #1: Being able to access a situation could help save a life and the more and more its done you could get better
Introduce evidence 2: The more a skill is used the better one will become better at putting it into play
State the evidence-quote: “By opportunities to learn through prolonged practice, they mean situations where learners can perform and get fairly instant feedback
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #1: By prolonged practice of such a skill you are able to differentiate useful information vs the non-useful information
Introduce evidence 3: As your practice improves you are able to process important information faster and more effectively
State the evidence-quote: What is important about rapid cognition is that it requires knowledge, experience and skill and that a lot of this is used to exclude distracting incoming data. This is because such data is unnecessary, confusing and unimportant to predicting, solving or whatever they need to know (Blink )
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #1: As you are able to process relevant information more effectively you are able to act quickly
Introduce evidence 4: Its not a new skill but its an enhancement of what we already have going on with our minds so that’s a plus
State the evidence-quote: Rapid Cognition or thin slicing confirms a lot that is already known about learning. Namely that the contents of our minds alter, distort or refine our perception
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #1: It’s a way of processing information in a more effective way
Concluding/transition sentence: This practice not only good for First responders and emergency personnel but extents into everything including sports

Topic Sentence #2: Claim 2 Athletes don’t just rely on their speed or physical training but mental training also

Explain your topic sentence (reason): In order to be effective in your craft your body and brain have to be in sync with each other making you a formidable opponent
State the evidence-quote: “There’s evidence to suggest that complex information can be processed in as little as two seconds, although it is obvious (but unfortunately immeasurable) that things work significantly faster than that, potentially in the region of 25 to 35 milliseconds (UltiWorld)”
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #2: Making these quick decisions allow players to move and adjust to create a good offense or defense
Introduce evidence 2: By “sizing up “ the competition a player is able to judge a few key factors about the other player.
State the evidence-quote: “However, the more you watch that player your brain picks up a huge amount of information about them which is filtered by your subconscious to allow you to make a better decision (Ultiworld)”
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #2: When the player is able to see the other player actually play they can begin to organize the information on whats important and whats irrelevant
Introduce evidence 3: Watching your opponent move can better allow you to make a counter move or defense to benefit your team and your scoring.
State the evidence-quote: “Additionally, cutters and defenders can gain immense amounts of useful information which is also employed by their subconscious during a cut or chase situation. (Ultiworld)”
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #2: Just by looking our minds can determine a solution to a particular problem even if it means we have to run.
Introduce evidence 4: Understanding how the mind processes information allows to be more aware of the process
State the evidence-quote: “there is solid psychological evidence that it does focus the brain and result in better decision making. Although it requires time and self-discipline to plan, refine, and adopt the check down for given situations (Ultiworld)

Concluding/transition sentence: Thin slicing is used by detectives and law enforcement

Topic Sentence #3: Claim 3 Law Enforcement are thought to thin slice as soon as they get to a scene to scan for danger or distress

Explain your topic sentence (reason): Police are trained to protect the public and the public interest

Introduce evidence 1: People are using Thin-Slicing in their social relations, and it is performed without any sense about the terminology of quick decision making.

State the evidence-quote: Perhaps the most common – and the most important – forms of rapid cognition are the judgments we make and the impressions we form of other people (Gladwell, 2006).
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #3: Rapid cognition should be used once the proper information is gathered the scene is only a part of the evidence needed

Introduce evidence 2: Gladwell’s theory is based on the reaction of people about Thin-Slicing terminology, and it is favored in special circumstances. In this matter, the murdered action of police officers is not liked because it was claimed as injustice in the community.

State the evidence-quote: Likewise, this case was relevant to the black man that was victimized without any criminal activity. This kind of decision-making is creating a disturbance in society and making people troubled about their social status (Sterrett, 2017).

Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #3: Being able to take your time and look at the whole situation instead of whats happening could save a life
Introduce evidence 3: There is more then thinking quickly that goes into thin slicing .
State the evidence-quote: Five decision-making styles have been empirically identified
including: rational (thorough search and logical evaluation); intuitive (reliance on hunches); dependent (seeking advice); avoidant (tendency to delay); and spontaneous (immediacy) -(sciencedirect)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #3: Rapid cognition has many facets to its use, there are a number of things that fall under the umbrella of rapid cognition
Introduce evidence 4: Rapid cognition doesn’t provide the same time as rational cognition. Rational cognition is that “should I or is this right” Rapid is just the process of responding
State the evidence-quote: Rational decision-making refers to the process of making logical evaluations of alternatives, engaging in thorough search strategies, and is negatively correlated with a spontaneous approach to decision-making (Sciencedirect)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #3: This particular thought process can be used to better student’s education and their success in class
Concluding/transition sentence: Not only a helpful tools by police , by teachers to.

Topic Sentence #4: Claim 4 How Law Enforcement using accurate rapid cognition is a matter of public safety

Explain your topic sentence (reason): Being able to make rapid important decisions could be able to defuse a situation and provide helpful assistance

Introduce evidence 1: Various people are judged with their physical appearances, and it is a more effective decision in the comparison of taking any judgment after being around that person for an extended period

State the evidence-quote: Sometimes, we aren’t looking to divine someone’s overall personality or intelligence based on a first impression; we simply want to know how good they will be at a particular skill or set of skills, like teaching (Weinerman, 2016)

Introduce evidence 2: Rapid cognition better response time by persons that use it
State the evidence-quote: Practically, this is useful for the nature of police work and especially so in crisis situations demanding immediate response (sciencedirect)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #4: Officers that are able to “thin slice” a situation act quicker and aren’t slowed in response time enabling them to decipher what is what quicker
Introduce evidence 3: During a study of a 100 officers they showed that the 1st group that used rapid cognition supported by their hunches were able to decode faster
State the evidence-quote: “The 1000 officers of the first group rely on their hunches and are fast thinking. The other 1000 officers carefully weigh the various alternatives and are slower thinking (sciencedirect)”

Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #4: Slower thinking officers are shown to have a negative effect. By the time they are enough of the pieces together more would have happened in the time it took to make a decision
Introduce evidence 4: The effects when there is a lack of rapid thinking
State the evidence-quote: rational decision-making style will have the opposite effect on decisions in comparison to the intuitive style. Specifically, rather than responding impulsively by acting, officers will be more likely to avoid issuing a ticket or discharging their weapon when high on rational decision-making style. (sciencedirect)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #4: Using every experience to enable rapid cognition strengthens the skill
Concluding/transition sentence: Rapid cognition is big when it comes to the minds of the future

Topic Sentence #5: Claim 5 Rapid Cognition isn’t lost on our youth .

Explain your topic sentence (reason): Usually learning habits and how we figure things out and problem solving come at schooling age
Introduce evidence 1: From a early age we learn to turn certain things out and focus on whats in front of us to hyper focus
State the evidence-quote: What is important about rapid cognition is that it requires knowledge, experience and skill and that a lot of this is used to exclude distracting incoming data (blink)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #5: This is the act of mental filtering and being able to see the picture of a puzzle without the end the pieces needed
Introduce evidence 2: The accuracy of guess rates increase as we become more and more skilled and how we use rapid cognition
State the evidence-quote: The experts can make highly accurate and informed guesses, because they are able to exclude unimportant and distracting information and process a very small amount of data, which just happens to be the important data (blink)

Introduce evidence 3: Some things sink into our brains without even knowing it or attempting to store the information. An example would be if you broke your leg you are able to remember what color socks you had one

State the evidence-quote: “it can sink to an unconscious level where it no longer needs attention and does not need to be thought about any more. It becomes what Piaget has called a schema but is now usually called chunking.(blink)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #5: Not needing to take every single piece of the puzzle to be able to see a picture as it develops and only putting important things together
Introduce evidence 4: Flow Josh- Refers using ques to make rapid , informed and correct actions and accurate decisions
State the evidence-quote: The state of flow Josh refers to above is where action takes place with little conscious thought where most of the time one simply trusts unconscious processes to perform actions from cues in the environment. This is a high state of concentration and focus that produces the most optimal moves. (blink)

Concluding/transition sentence: When can you trust your instinct and rapid cognition ?

Topic Sentence #6: Claim 6 When and when not to trust your rapid cognition

Explain your topic sentence (reason): Thin slicing shouldn’t be relied on 100 % of the time due to negative consequences
Introduce evidence 1: There a times where a persons prejudice will override their decision making and impair it for the worst. This is not the case all the time
State the evidence-quote: “Real experts are truly highly skilled and can usually rely on their rapid cognition, but they are still likely to fail on occasion. This is because, as good and useful as rapid cognition is, it is not a perfect system and has many flaws. (blink)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #6: Not having all the information to solve a problem you will not be successful even with rapid cognition .
Introduce evidence 2
State the evidence-quote: Problem solving usually involves rapid cognition making novel connections that are then made conscious and worked on consciously, but sometimes what rises up from the unconscious is a complete or nearly complete solving of the problem.. (blink)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #6:
Introduce evidence 3:
State the evidence-quote: rapid cognition was central in how the mind made decisions, choices and solved problems in everyday experience, and that its ability to do this well was a matter of expertise.(blink)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #6: By a regular predictable environment they mean an environment where certain features repeat the same way each time
Introduce evidence 4: Be aware that rapid cognition becomes more difficult when there are more variables in the problem. The simpler the problem or the more we have experienced something it makes it easier to make informed responses
State the evidence-quote: Rapid cognition is capable, not only of making good choices where people have real expert knowledge but sometimes it is the only system that can be used. In such situations rapid cognition can really prove invaluable. (blink)
Explain/relate the evidence back to proving claim #6: : when choosing among options are too complicated, it will overwhelm the conscious logical part of the brain. So the conscious choices we make, when using the rational conscious part of our brain, should be simple ones.
Concluding/transition sentence: Rapid cognition allows us to process information and find an answer or solution to a simple or mildly complex issue.

Counterargument: Give one example of an argument against your claim: Thin slicing should NOT be used just as the basis of action in every situation it is only a tool to help you access and make sound, safe, decisions.

Explain the counterargument: rapid cognition is not always reliable because it is not a rational process, can be corrupted or distorted by our desires and prejudices
Evidence Supporting Counterargument: Everyone has a prejudice about something or someone which can take over the rapid cognition and effect an outcome based on personal views negatively . Essentially, we not only all judge a book by its cover, but we color all of our analysis of the book by the decisions we made when we saw the cover of the book.
Explain evidence supporting counterargument: Such people were not only subject to biases but any study of their predictions showed results that were usually worse than random chance. In other words their so called expert advice was actually worse than useless, and better advice would usually be to do the opposite of what they had suggested. (Daniel Kahneman)
Refute the counterargument (Give your point again): Thin slicing is something that everyone has, can be improved with everyday use allowing us to better access a situation and or person allowing for a better outcome with certain things. Sound decision making

Conclusion

Restate your hypothesis: Thin Slicing can be used in every situation to yield positive outcomes and results

Develop and state your thesis: Using rapid judgment to access a person or scene could mean the difference of life or death

Restate claims: Thin Slicing is used be everyone and gets better with practice much as everything else does.
Solution to the problem: Thin slicing should be used with caution and keep in mind that it’s a useful tool , however know that your personal prejudice can influence a possible negative outcome