engineering

INST1000 F2020 1/4 LAB 6 – Manual INTRODUCTION In a circuit, it is important to visualize the transient and steady state mode s. By e xample , capacitor s and inductors connected in a DC circuit will get charged /discharged when the circuit is powered on /off . For this reason , the currents and voltage will not be constant when power is turned on . T here will be , at first , a transit ory period ( called transient state) then , after a very short period of time, the voltages and current will be constant (steady - state mode ). In this lab, we will look at the inductor and capacitor as components who can store energy. We will be using light bulbs to visualize the charge and discharge of these components and also oscilloscope s to visualize the voltages across these components. Oscilloscope s will be the subject of next lectures, but we will start using them in this lab in a basic way. Oscilloscope s are voltmeters that shows the voltage waveform in real -time. They are connected in parallel (same as voltmeters) Figure 1 - Transient and Steady -State Modes https://people.revoledu.com/kardi/tutorial/Queuing/Steady -State.html INST1000 F2020 2/4 PROCEDURES 1- In tinkercad , produce the circui t below (you can have your two circuits on a breadboard or on two separate breadboards, your choice .). Add multimete rs to measure the current s and voltages of the capacitor and the inductor . Als o, a dd oscilloscopes to show the voltage s across the capacitor and the inductor . To help you build the circuit in tinkercad , some components have been added to the circuit diagram: • A slideswitch (tinkercad) used for the switch. • Light bulbs (tinkercad) represent ed as resistors R1 and R2 • A diode is used in the circuit with the inductor. The purpose of the diode is to allow the current to flow in only one direction (direction of the arrows) and block the current in the other direction. The bar on the diode represents the bar on the diode symbol ( beginning of the arrow ) The purpose of using a diode in this lab is to discharge the inductor when the switch is opened (it will avoid a spark across the switch) • A polarized capacitor (tinkercad) is used. • The value of the inductor has been set to a very large valu e (50H) in order to visualize its charge/discharge behavior. Usually inductors are in the range of uF or mF. • Oscilloscope (not shown on the circuit below ) in tinkercad: Please follow these directives: • Set both oscilloscopes to 1 000m s per division (double click on them to access the menu). • Multimeters: all the positive leads are red and negative leads are black (-1% per wrong color) . • You can rearrange the circuit to connect the multimeters properly • Each hole can only contain one connection ( -2.5% pe r hole with more than one connection) • Enter your name in the circuit . INST1000 F2020 3/4 Figure 2 - Circuit Lab 6 (R1 & R2 repres ent the light bulbs) Ind uctor a. In tinkercad, start the simulation and t urn on the switch of the circuit of the inductor and observe the behavior of the light bulb. When the circuit is at steady state (current /voltage not changing anymore), turn off the switch and observe again the behavior of the light bulb. In the lab report explain the behavior of the light bulb that you have just observed . Example: As the switch is turned on, the light bulb…. b. Measu re the c urrent an d voltage acro ss the inductor at steady -state mode . In your lab repor t insert a snapshot showing these measure ments . c. We will create again transients (by turning on and off the power) and visualize them on the oscilloscope . Turn off the circuit and wait that the inductor is discha rged . When it is dischar ged turn on the circuit and when it has reached its steady state mode (current /voltage not changing anymore), turn it off right away . Observe the oscilloscope and when you see the transien ts take a snapshot and insert it in to your lab repor t. Capacitor d. Now, turn on the switch of the circuit of the capacitor and observe the behavior of the light bulb. When the circuit is at steady state (current/voltage not changing anymore), turn off the switch and observe again the behavior of the light bulb. In the lab report explain the behavior of the light bulb that you have just observed. Example: As the switch is turned on, the light bulb…. e. Measu re the c urrent an d voltage acro ss the capacitor at steady -state mode . In your lab repor t insert a snapshot showing these measure ments . INST1000 F2020 4/4 f. W e will create again transients (by turning on and off the power) and visualize them on the oscilloscope. Turn off the circuit and wait that the capacitor is discha rged . When it is dischar ged turn on the circuit and when it has reached its steady state mode (current /voltage not changing anymore), turn it off right away . Observe the oscilloscope and when you see the transients take a snapshot and insert it in your lab report. Light Bulb g. In tinkercad, measure the resistance of the light bulb and insert in your lab report a snapshot showing your measuremen t. Save your lab report file and submit it into the dropbox on Conestoga>INST1000 >Assignments by Nov 22 th, 2020 11:59AM