Essay writing: Discuss how personal journeys through narratives challenge negative stereotypes. (I choose to write the novel called The Outsiders wrote by S.E. Hinton.)

P la n nin g y o ur e ssa y: - de velop a thesis, tha t is, your main ar gument or over arching poin t/idea - this should be e xplained in your Introduction, ie in y our opening par agraph - y ou should ha ve 3 supporting par agraphs t o develop y our discussion in y our Body - y ou should sum up y our discussion and main poin ts in your Conclusion, ie in y our final paragraph - use short c oncise paragraphs s tructur ed around a t opic sentence, support each poin t with e xamples, quot es and analysis from y our texts T h e ‘D O N O TS ’ o f e ssay w rit in g: ● D O N O T r e fe r d ir e ctly to th e q uestio n o r s ta te m ent, ie “ th e to pic is in co rre ct … ” o r “ T he s ta te m ent is tr u e … ” ● D O N O T s ta te y o ur o pin io n d ir e ctly , ie “ In m y o pin io n … ” o r “ I t h in k … ” o r “ I b elie ve … ” ● D O N O T r e fe r d ir e ctly to y o ur e ssa y o r a rg um ent o r p ara gra phs, ie “ M y e ssa y w ill d is cu ss … ” o r “ In t h is p ara gra ph … ” ● D O N O T w rit e in fir s t p ers o n, ie “ I” o r “ w e” ● D O N O T u se a ll o f th ese ‘d o n ots ’ to geth er, ie “ In th is e ssa y I w ill s h ow t h at I b elie ve th at th is s ta te m ent is tr u e” ● D O N O T u se th e w ord “ q uote ” ● M ake s u re th at y o u e it h er u nderlin e o r i t a lic is e t h e tit le o f th e te xts e ve ry tim e y o u m entio n t h en in y o ur e ssa y ● R efe r to te xt fo rm s in g enera l te rm s e .g ‘b oo k’ b ut in ste ad b e m ore s p ecif ic ie ‘n ove l’ o r ‘f ilm ’, N O T ‘m ovie ’ ● U se fo rm al a nd s o phis tic a te d la nguage. D o n ot u se in fo rm al a nd c o llo quia l e xp re ssio ns ● W rit e in th e p re se nt te nse e g P onyb oy b elie ves a ll p eople s h ould b e tr e ate d e qually . _ __________________________ __________________________________________ _ ______________________ W rit in g y o ur I N TR O DU CTIO N: 1 ) S ta rt w it h a t o pic S e n te n ce : C le arly r e sta te t h e q uestio n m akin g s u re y o u h ave i n clu ded a n y ‘ k e y t e rm s’ b y r e p la cin g t h em w it h a s y n o nym . Y o u s h o uld a ls o o utlin e t h e m ain p o in ts y o u w ill w rit e a b o ut i n t h e b o dy o f t h e e ssa y. F o r t h is e ssa y y o u c h o ose w hic h t e xt y o u w ill d is c u ss . E it h er, T h e O uts id ers o r W ha le R id er E xa m ple :

T h e t e xt, T h e O uts id ers b y S E H in to n c h alle n ge s n ega tiv e s te re o ty p es w it h in t h e d ep ic tio n o f t h e p ro ta go nis t’s j o urn ey. o r T h e t e xt, W hale R id er d ir e cte d b y N ik i C aro c h alle n ge s n ega tiv e s te re o ty p es w it h in t h e d ep ic tio n o f t h e p ro ta go nis t’s j o urn ey. 2 ) T h en i n clu de a t h esis S ta te m en t: Y o u s h o uld h ave a s e n te n ce w hic h c o nnects t h e t o pic t o t h e t e xt. E xa m ple :

T h e i d ea o f c la ss d iv id e i s c h alle n ge d t h ro ugh P o nyb oy’s m usin gs a s h e l e arn s t o b e o pen -m in d ed a n d u nders ta n d t h e h um an it y i n t h e r iv a l g a n gs.

o r T h e p ro ta go nis t, P aik e a, c h alle n ge s p atr ia rc h al v a lu es b y i n sis tin g t h at s h e i s c a p ab le o f l e ad in g h er c o m munit y d esp it e b ein g r e je cte d b y h er g ra n dfa th er f o r b ein g f e m ale .

3 ) F u rth er e la b o ra tio n: Y o u n eed t o d ed ic a te o ne s e n te n ce t o e ach o f y o ur t e xts , e n su rin g t h at t h e c o nte xt o f e ach i s a d dre sse d , c le arly i n dic a tin g i t s r e le va n ce f o r i n clu sio n i n y o ur d is c u ss io n. E xa m ple f o r T h e O uts id ers :

S .E H in to n u se s P o nyb oy’s n arra tio n t o c h alle n ge t h e c rit ic is m a n d j u dge m en t o f l o w er c la ss e s b y s h ow in g h ow v u ln era b le a n d c o ura ge o us t h ey a re a s w ell.

E xa m ple f o r W hale R id er:

N ik i C aro c h alle n ge s g e n der s te re o ty p es t h ro ugh P aik e a’s s tre n gth a n d r e silie n ce t o p ro ve t o h er g ra n dfa th er a n d h er c o m munit y t h at s h e i n deed i s a c a p ab le a n d w orth y l e ad er.

R ew rit e y o ur f u ll i n tro ductio n :

T h e O uts id ers :

T h e t e xt, T h e O uts id ers b y S E H in to n c h alle n ge s n ega tiv e s te re o ty p es w it h in t h e d ep ic tio n o f t h e p ro ta go nis t’s j o urn ey. T h e i d ea o f c la ss d iv id e i s c h alle n ge d t h ro ugh P o nyb oy’s m usin gs a s h e l e arn s t o b e o pen -m in ded a n d u nders ta n d t h e h um an it y i n t h e r iv a l g a n gs. S .E H in to n u se s P o nyb oy’s n arra tio n t o c h alle n ge t h e c rit ic is m a n d j u dge m en t o f l o w er c la sse s b y s h ow in g h ow v u ln era b le a n d c o ura ge o us t h ey a re a s w ell.

W hale R id er:

T h e t e xt, W hale R id er d ir e cte d b y N ik i C aro c h alle n ge s n ega tiv e s te re o ty p es w it h in t h e d ep ic tio n o f t h e p ro ta go nis t’s j o urn ey. T h e p ro ta go nis t, P aik e a, c h alle n ge s p atr ia rc h al v a lu es b y i n sis tin g t h at s h e i s c a p ab le o f l e ad in g h er c o m munit y d esp it e b ein g r e je cte d b y h er g ra n dfa th er f o r b ein g f e m ale . N ik i C aro c h alle n ge s g e n der s te re o ty p es t h ro ugh P aik e a’s s tre n gth a n d r e silie n ce t o p ro ve t o h er g ra n dfa th er a n d h er c o m munit y t h at s h e i n deed i s a c a p ab le a n d w orth y l e ad er.

_ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________ Y o ur B O DY P A RA G RA PH S s h o uld f o llo w t h e P ETA L p ara gra p h s tr u ctu re : P ara gra p h 1 f o r T H E O UTSID ER S: 1 ) P o in t E g C h alle n gin g n ega tiv e s te re o ty p es i s s h ow n b o th i m plic it ly a n d e xp lic it ly t h ro ugh o ut P o nyb oy’s n arra tiv e . 2 ) E xa m ple E g T h e f ir s t h in t t h e r e ad er h as o f P o nyb oy’s o bje ctiv e p o in t o f v ie w a b o ut t h e r iv a l g a n gs i s w hen h e d esc rib es t h e f a ct t h at b o th h e a n d C h err y c a n s e e “ th e s a m e s u nse t” d esp it e l iv in g o n o ppo sit e s id es o f t o w n. 3 ) T e ch niq ue/s E g T h e “ su nse t” h ere i s a n e xa m ple o f s y m bo lis m w hic h s h ow s t h at P o nyb oy r e co gn is e s t h e h um an it y i n b o th t h e G re ase rs a n d t h e S o cs. 4 ) A naly sis E g T h e s u nse t r e p re se n ts t h eir c o nnectio n a s i n div id uals a n d t h e c o nnectio n b etw ee n a ll p eo ple w hic h s u gge sts t h ere i s a c o m monalit y a n d k in dness t h at a ll p eo ple s h are d esp it e t h e n ega tiv e s te re o ty p e o f G re ase rs b ein g t o ugh j u ve n ile d elin quen ts . 5 ) L in k b ack t o q uestio n E g T h ro ugh t h e s y m bo lis m a n d P o nyb oy’s n arra tio n, n ega tiv e s te re o ty p es a b o ut c la ss is m a re c h alle n ge d s o t h at e ach i n div id ual i s v a lu ed w it h in t h e c o m munit y a n d n o t j u dge d f o r b ein g p art o f a c o lle ctiv e t h at i s s e en a s i n fe rio r b y t h e d o m in an t u pper c la ss.

P ara gra p h 1 f o r W HALE R ID ER : 1 ) P o in t E g C h alle n gin g n ega tiv e s te re o ty p es i s s h ow n b o th i m plic it ly a n d e xp lic it ly t h ro ugh o ut P aik e a’s p ers o nal j o urn ey. 2 ) E xa m ple E g P aik e a c h alle n ge s g e n der s te re o ty p es e arly i n t h e f ilm w hen s h e b re aks t h e r o pe o n K o ro ’s b o at a n d t h en f ix e s t h e r o pe a ga in s o t h at t h e b o at e n gin e w ork s. 3 ) T e ch niq ue / s E g T h e s y m bo lis m o f t h e r o pe s p lit t in g s u gge sts t h at t h e t ra d it io nal t ie s w it h t h e a n ce sto rs a re b ro ke n a n d w hen s h e r e tie s t h e r o pe i t f o re sh ad ow s t h at s h e c o uld b e t h e n ew l e ad er w ho w ill r e co nnect h er c o m munit y a n d p eo ple . 4 ) A naly sis E g K o ro i s u nsu cce ssfu l a t f ix in g h is b o at s o t o h ave h is f e m ale g ra n ddau gh te r s u cc e ed i n h elp in g h im c h alle n ge s t h e i d ea t h at o nly m en c a n f ix p ro ble m s a n d b e n atu ra l l e ad ers . 5 ) L in k b ack t o q uestio n E g P aik e a’s d ete rm in atio n a n d h elp fu l n atu re c h alle n ge t h e p atr ia rc h al v ie w t h at o nly m en a re s k ilf u l c h ie fs . P ai p ro ve s s h e i s b o th s k ilf u l a n d w ill c h an ge o utd ate d t ra d it io nal v ie w s o f g e n der r o le s. W rit e 2 m ore b o dy p ara gra p hs f o llo w in g t h e P ETA L P A RA G RA PH S T R U CTU RE A BO VE W rit in g a C o nclu sio n: ● Y o ur c o nclu sio n i s s im ila r t o y o ur i n tro ductio n i n t h at i t i s p ure ly e n ga gin g w it h y o ur e ssa y q uestio n. ● Y o u j u st n eed t o r e sta te t h e p o in ts y o u h ave m ad e w it h o ut i n clu din g a n y a n aly sis . ● N o q uo te s o r a n aly sis i n t h e c o nclu sio n ● N o n ew i n fo rm atio n S e n te n ce s ta rte rs t h at y o u m ay w an t t o u se ??

T h e t e xt s u gge sts … T h e t e xt p ro vid es o ppo rtu nit ie s … T h e t e xt c h alle n ge s … T h e t e xt h ig h lig h ts … T h e t e xt p ro vo ke s … T h e t e xt i n dic a te s … T h e t e xt e d uca te s … T e ch niq ues s u ch a s … . h ave b een u se d t o ( e xp o se , h ig h li g h t, p ro vo ke , s u gge st, i n it ia te d is c u ssio n, p ro vid e o ppo rtu nit ie s, i n fo rm , e d uca te , d eve lo p a n u nders ta n din g o f) … T h e t h em e o f … .. i s d eve lo ped t h ro ugh t h e i s s u e o f … T h e t h em e o f … ..is h ig h lig h te d … T h e t h em e o f … .. i s e xp o se d … C lo se r e ad in g o f t h e t e xt p ro vid es i n sig h t i n to … T h e r e sp o nder/ a u die n ce u nders ta n ds … T h e r e sp o nder/ a u die n ce i m pre ssio n i s … T h e r e sp o nder/ a u die n ce i s p ers u ad ed t o …