Module Discussion 1.Explain the main causes of expatriate failure and describe a training program for expatriates. 2. Why is it recommended that the family of the expatriate also receive training? 3
+ 5 , 6 D Q G , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O + 5 00 L F K D H O - . D Y D Q D J K
0 L J X H O 5 2 O L Y D V / X M Q
- R K Q : 0 L F K H O
( G L W R U V 1 R W H
7 R G D \ P R V W R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V R I D Q \ V F R S H K D Y H V R P H I R U P R I L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O
S U H V H Q F H ) R U R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V J R L Q J J O R E D O L V D Q H F H V V D U \ S D U W R I F R P S H W L Q J
E X W L W F D Q E U L Q J Z L W K L W V R P H R I W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W L V V X H V I R U + 5 0 ) U H T X H Q W
F R Q I O L F W V F D Q D U L V H Z K H Q W K H U H L V D G L I I H U H Q F H E H W Z H H Q W K H F X O W X U H R I W K H
F R X Q W U \ D Q G W K H F X O W X U H R I E R W K W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V D Q G + 5 V H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W V
7 K H F X O W X U D O G L I I H U H Q F H V E H W Z H H Q F R X Q W U L H V Z L O O L Q I O X H Q F H + 5 S U R J U D P V D Q G
S U D F W L F H V , Q W K L V F K D S W H U V R P H R I W K H V L J Q L I L F D Q W G L I I H U H Q F H V E H W Z H H Q
G R P H V W L F + 5 0 D Q G L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O K X P D Q U H V R X U F H P D Q D J H P H Q W , + 5 0
L Q P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O H Q W H U S U L V H V 0 1 ( V D U H F R Y H U H G , Q D G G L W L R Q W K H D X W K R U V
G L V F X V V V R P H R I W K H N H \ + 5 0 L V V X H V L Q Y R O Y H G L Q D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O
R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q ) X U W K H U J O R E D O R S H U D W L R Q V S R V H D Q X P E H U R I D G G L W L R Q D O
F R P S O H [ L W L H V D Q G F K D O O H Q J H V I R U G D W D F R O O H F W L R Q P D Q D J H P H Q W D Q G X V H D V
Z H O O D V I R U W K H G H V L J Q G H Y H O R S P H Q W L P S O H P H Q W D W L R Q D Q G X V H R I D Q + 5 , 6
7 K H V H F K D O O H Q J H V D U H G L V F X V V H G E \ W K H D X W K R U V W K U R X J K R X W W K H F K D S W H U & K D S W H U 2 E M H F W L Y H V
$ I W H U F R P S O H W L Q J W K L V F K D S W H U \ R X V K R X O G E H D E O H W R
8 Q G H U V W D Q G W K H G L I I H U H Q F H V E H W Z H H Q G R P H V W L F + 5 0 D Q G L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O
+ 5 0
, G H Q W L I \ W K H W \ S H V R I R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O I R U P V X V H G E \ I L U P V F R P S H W L Q J
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O O \
8 Q G H U V W D Q G W K H G L I I H U H Q W W \ S H V R I H P S O R \ H H V Z K R Z R U N L Q 0 1 ( V
' L V F X V V W K H V W D I I L Q J S U R F H V V I R U L Q G L Y L G X D O V Z R U N L Q J L Q 0 1 ( V
8 Q G H U V W D Q G W K H S U R E O H P V W K D W K D Q G O L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V S R V H V I R U W K H , + 5 0
G H S D U W P H Q W
' H V F U L E H W K H W U D L Q L Q J Q H H G V R I D Q G S U R J U D P V I R U L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O D V V L J Q H H V
5 H F R Q F L O H W K H G L I I L F X O W L H V R I K R P H F R X Q W U \ D Q G K R V W F R X Q W U \
S H U I R U P D Q F H D S S U D L V D O V
, G H Q W L I \ W K H F K D U D F W H U L V W L F V R I D F R P S H W L W L Y H L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q
S O D Q
8 Q G H U V W D Q G W K H P R G L I L F D W L R Q V Q H F H V V D U \ I R U X V L Q J + 5 , 6 D S S O L F D W L R Q V L Q
D Q , + 5 0
+ 5 , 6 , Q $ F W L R Q
6 N \ O R U ( O H F W U R Q L F V D Q 0 1 ( Z L W K K H D G T X D U W H U V L Q 6 H D W W O H : D V K L Q J W R Q
O H D U Q H G W K D W W K H ( X U R S H D Q 8 Q L R Q ( 8 D Q G W K H 8 6 ' H S D U W P H Q W R I & R P P H U F H
K D G M X V W S X E O L V K H G D 3 U L Y D F \ 6 K L H O G ) U D P H Z R U N 3 6 ) W R H Q D E O H G D W D W U D Q V I H U V
E H W Z H H Q V X E V L G L D U L H V X Q G H U ( 8 L Q I R U P D W L R Q S U R W H F W L R Q O D Z V 7 K H Y L F H
S U H V L G H Q W I R U + 5 5 R V D 0 D U W L Q V E H F D P H F R Q F H U Q H G D E R X W W K H F R V W V R I
L Q W H U Q D O L ] L Q J L W V L P S O H P H Q W D W L R Q $ Q D O W H U Q D W L Y H Z D V W R K L U H D Y H Q G R U Z K L F K
P L J K W R I I H U V R P H D G Y D Q W D J H V E X W D W D S U L F H
7 K H F R P S D Q \ D Q G L Q G L Y L G X D O Q D P H V X V H G D U H I L F W L W L R X V
5 R V D Z D V O R R N L Q J I R U W K H E H V W D Q V Z H U W R W K L V S U R E O H P V K H F D O O H G D P H H W L Q J
Z L W K ' L U H F W R U R I 2 Y H U V H D V 2 S H U D W L R Q V ( O D L Q H 3 H W H U V R Q D Q G ' L U H F W R U R I & D U H H U
' H Y H O R S P H Q W % L O O 6 H D P R Q % L O O Z D V T X L W H K D S S \ D E R X W W K H Q H Z
G H Y H O R S P H Q W V D V W K H S U H Y L R X V D U U D Q J H P H Q W W K H 8 6 ( 8 6 D I H + D U E R U ) U D P H Z R U N K D G V K R Z Q D Q X P E H U R I V K R U W F R P L Q J V ( O D L Q H G L G Q R W X Q G H U V W D Q G
Z K \ W K H U H Z D V D S U R E O H P V L Q F H V K H D O R Q J Z L W K ' L U H F W R U R I ' R P H V W L F
2 S H U D W L R Q V ' D Z Q ) L V K H U K D G V X F F H V V I X O O \ P D Q D J H G W K H D X W R P D W L R Q R I D
K X P D Q U H V R X U F H L Q I R U P D W L R Q V \ V W H P + 5 , 6 I R U 6 N \ O R U L Q D F R X S O H R I
F R X Q W U L H V E X W Q R Q H R I W K H P K D G W K H F R P S O H [ L W \ W K D W F R P S O \ L Q J Z L W K ( 8
U H J X O D W L R Q V Z R X O G V X U H O \ K D Y H
5 R V D L Q G L F D W H G W K D W V K H K D G V S R N H Q G L U H F W O \ W R D I H Z I H O O R Z 9 3 V R I + 5 D W D
O R F D O 6 R F L H W \ I R U + X P D Q 5 H V R X U F H 0 D Q D J H P H Q W 6 + 5 0 P H H W L Q J D Q G V R P H
R I W K H P Z H U H Y H U \ X Q F R P I R U W D E O H Z L W K P D Q \ R I W K H Q X D Q F H V R I W K H Q H Z 3 6 )
5 R V D G L U H F W H G % L O O D Q G ' D Z Q W R L Q Y H V W L J D W H W K L V S U R E O H P D Q G W R S U R Y L G H D
U H S R U W L Q W Z R Z H H N V ( O D L Q H L Q G L F D W H G W K D W V K H Z R X O G S U R Y L G H D P H P E H U R I K H U
V W D I I W R K H O S Z L W K W K L V L Q Y H V W L J D W L R Q
7 Z R Z H H N V O D W H U % L O O D Q G ' D Z Q S U H V H Q W H G W K H L U U H S R U W W R 5 R V D D Q G ( O D L Q H
7 K H J L V W R I W K H U H S R U W Z D V W K D W W K H \ F R X O G Q R W P D N H D V W U R Q J F D V H I R U R Q H R I
W K H W Z R V F H Q D U L R V K L U L Q J D Q H [ W H U Q D O F R Q V X O W D Q W R U M R L Q L Q J W K H 3 6 ) Z L W K R X W
H [ W H U Q D O K H O S 7 K H U H Z H U H S U R V D Q G F R Q V I R U H D F K V F H Q D U L R E X W W K H L U D Q D O \ V L V
G L G Q R W V H H P W R L G H Q W L I \ W K D W R Q H Z D V F O H D U O \ P R U H D G Y D Q W D J H R X V W K D Q W K H
R W K H U I R U D F R P S D Q \ Z L W K D Q Q X D O U H Y H Q X H V R I D E R X W P L O O L R Q O L N H 6 N \ O R U
% L O O D Q G ' D Z Q V X J J H V W H G W K D W U D W K H U W K D Q D F R V W F R Q V L G H U D W L R Q W K L V Z R X O G E H
D P D Q D J H U L D O S U H I H U H Q F H : K H Q 5 R V D P H Q W L R Q H G W K D W R W K H U F R P S D Q L H V L Q W K H
D U H D Z H U H V H U L R X V O \ F R Q V L G H U L Q J K L U L Q J D Y H Q G R U % L O O D Q G ' D Z Q V K R Z H G W K H L U
F R V W E H Q H I L W D Q D O \ V L V & % $ D V G H V F U L E H G L Q & K D S W H U L Q Z K L F K W K H F R V W V
V D Y H G E \ K L U L Q J D Y H Q G R U P L Q L P D O O \ H [ F H H G H G W K H D S S D U H Q W F R V W V R I D V N L Q J
F X U U H Q W H P S O R \ H H V W R W D N H F D U H R I W K L V P D W W H U
, Q W U R G X F W L R Q
* O R E D O L ] D W L R Q K D V F K D Q J H G X V L Q W R D F R P S D Q \ W K D W V H D U F K H U V W K H Z R U O G
Q R W M X V W W R V H O O R U W R V R X U F H E X W W R I L Q G L Q W H O O H F W X D O F D S L W D O W K H Z R U O G V
E H V W W D O H Q W V D Q G J U H D W H V W L G H D V
- D F N : H O F K $ V Q R W H G L Q & K D S W H U W K H J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q R I E X V L Q H V V L V R Q H R I W K H P D M R U
F K D Q J H V L Q W K H Z R U O G R I Z R U N ' D W D I U R P W K H : R U O G 7 U D G H 2 U J D Q L ] D W L R Q
V K R Z W K D W P H U F K D Q G L V H H [ S R U W V D U R X Q G W K H Z R U O G K D Y H D O P R V W
T X D G U X S O H G I U R P E L O O L R Q L Q W R E L O O L R Q L Q : L W K
U H V S H F W W R F R P P H U F L D O V H U Y L F H V J U R Z W K K D V D O V R J R Q H I U R P E L O O L R Q L Q
W R E L O O L R Q L Q ( Y H Q W K R X J K W K H J U H D W U H F H V V L R Q R I
V O R Z H G G R Z Q Z R U O G W U D G H W K H S D V W \ H D U V V K R Z W K D W F R P S D Q L H V W K D W U H P D L Q
G R P H V W L F L Q W K H L U J H R J U D S K L F V F R S H K D Y H D O R W W R O R V H , Q V L P S O H W H U P V W K H
Z R U O G V * ' 3 J U R V V G R P H V W L F S U R G X F W L V H V W L P D W H G W R K D Y H U H D F K H G
8 6 W U L O O L R Q L Q H Y H Q W K R X J K W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V W K H O D U J H V W
Q D W L R Q D O H F R Q R P \ H [ F H H G H G 8 6 W U L O O L R Q L Q W K H V D P H \ H D U P R U H W K D Q
R I W K H Z R U O G V H F R Q R P L F D F W L Y L W \ W D N H V S O D F H H O V H Z K H U H : R U O G % D Q N
) X U W K H U L O O X V W U D W L Q J W K H J U R Z L Q J L P S R U W D Q F H I R U + 5 0 W K H V W U D W H J L F
L P S O L F D W L R Q V R I J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q I R U F K L H I K X P D Q U H V R X U F H V P D Q D J H P H Q W R I I L F H U V
L V W K H W R S L F R I U H F H Q W U H S R U W V I U R P W K H & R Q I H U H Q F H % R D U G $ U N 2 ] \ L O G L U L P
/ H Y D Q R Q 7 K H V H U H S R U W V Z K L F K G H D O Z L W K + 5 V U R O H L Q P H U J H U V
D F T X L V L W L R Q V D Q G G L Y H V W L W X U H V Z L W K O D E R U P D U N H W W U H Q G V D Q G Z L W K W K H
S U H V V X U H V I H O W I R U + 5 W U D Q V I R U P D W L R Q D P R Q J R W K H U W K H P H V R I I H U H Y L G H Q F H
W K D W J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q L V V W U R Q J O \ D I I H F W L Q J W K H + 5 0 I L H O G
3 H U K D S V R Q H R I W K H P D M R U F K D Q J H V L Q W K H Z R U O G V E X V L Q H V V H F R Q R P \ K D V E H H Q
W K H I R U P D W L R Q R I U H J L R Q D O I U H H W U D G H ] R Q H V 7 K H S D V V D J H R I W K H 1 R U W K
$ P H U L F D Q ) U H H 7 U D G H $ J U H H P H Q W 1 $ ) 7 $ L Q H V W D E O L V K H G W K H Z R U O G V
O D U J H V W I U H H P D U N H W L Q F U H D V L Q J W U D G H E H W Z H H Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V 0 H [ L F R D Q G
& D Q D G D H Y H Q L I W K H H O H F W L R Q R I L W V R X W V S R N H Q F U L W L F ' R Q D O G 7 U X P S D V W K H
W K S U H V L G H Q W R I W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V V X J J H V W V W K D W F K D Q J H V D U H L P P L Q H Q W
6 X E V H T X H Q W O \ W K H ( X U R S H D Q 8 Q L R Q Z D V I R U P H G D Q G Q R Z L Q F O X G H V P R U H W K D Q
P H P E H U F R X Q W U L H V H Q J D J H G L Q I U H H W U D G H W K L V P H P E H U V K L S K D V N H S W
J U R Z L Q J G H V S L W H W K H 8 . V % U H [ L W Y R W H L Q P L G 2 W K H U W U D G H
D J U H H P H Q W V V X F K D V W K H $ V V R F L D W L R Q R I 6 R X W K H D V W $ V L D Q 1 D W L R Q V $ 6 ( $ 1
W K H ( D V W $ V L D ( F R Q R P L F & D X F X V ( $ ( & W K H $ V L D 3 D F L I L F ( F R Q R P L F
& R R S H U D W L R Q $ 3 ( & D Q G W K H 6 R X W K $ V L D Q $ V V R F L D W L R Q I R U 5 H J L R Q D O
& R R S H U D W L R Q 6 $ $ 5 & K D Y H L P S U R Y H G W U D G L Q J U H O D W L R Q V K L S V L Q $ V L D 2 Q H F D Q
H D V L O \ I R U H V H H W K D W W K H U H P L J K W E H D Q $ I U L F D Q D Q G S H U K D S V D 0 L G G O H ( D V W H U Q
I U H H W U D G H ] R Q H L Q W K H I X W X U H ( Y H Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V S X O O L Q J R X W R I W K H 7 U D Q V 3 D F L I L F 3 D U W Q H U V K L S R U 7 U D Q V 3 D F L I L F 3 D U W Q H U V K L S $ J U H H P H Q W Z L O O
O L N H O \ E U L Q J D E R X W D Q R W K H U F R X Q W U \ F R D O L W L R Q W K D W Z L O O E H U D W L I L H G L Q W K H Q H D U
I X W X U H
7 K H U H D U H D Y D U L H W \ R I I D F W R U V W K D W K D Y H O H G W R W K H L Q F U H D V H G J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q R I
E X V L Q H V V D Q G W K H L Q F U H D V H G L P S R U W D Q F H R I W K H , + 5 0 I X Q F W L R Q L Q
R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V 7 K H V H I D F W R U V L Q F O X G H W K H I R O O R Z L Q J D G U D P D W L F L Q F U H D V H L Q
J O R E D O F R P S H W L W L R Q G H U H J X O D W L R Q L Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V * H U P D Q \ D Q G R W K H U
L Q G X V W U L D O L ] H G F R X Q W U L H V Z K L F K K D V O L E H U D O L ] H G W K H G R P H V W L F E X V L Q H V V
H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W D Q G H Q F R X U D J H G W U D Q V Q D W L R Q D O L Q Y H V W P H Q W V D Q L Q F U H D V H L Q
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O P H U J H U V D Q G D F T X L V L W L R Q V D Q G D Q L Q F U H D V H G D Z D U H Q H V V R I W K H
H [ L V W H Q F H R I W D O H Q W H G K X P D Q F D S L W D O W K U R X J K R X W W K H Z R U O G , + 5 0 U H T X L U H V
P D Q D J L Q J K X P D Q U H V R X U F H V Z R U O G Z L G H R U D W D P L Q L P X P L Q P R U H W K D Q R Q H
F R X Q W U \
2 Q H R I W K H P D M R U I D F W R U V U H O D W H G W R D I L U P V F K R R V L Q J W R K D Y H D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O
S U H V H Q F H L V W K H D Y D L O D E L O L W \ D Q G F R V W H I I H F W L Y H Q H V V R I L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G
F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q V W H F K Q R O R J \ , Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q W H F K Q R O R J L H V
K D Y H K D G D P D M R U L Q I O X H Q F H R Q W K H D F T X L V L W L R Q D Q G X V H R I S K \ V L F D O D Q G
I L Q D Q F L D O U H V R X U F H V D V Z H O O D V J U H D W O \ H Q K D Q F L Q J W K H P D U N H W L Q J F D S D E L O L W L H V R I
0 1 ( V + R Z H Y H U D P R V W L P S R U W D Q W L P S D F W R I F R P S X W H U W H F K Q R O R J \ K D V E H H Q
L Q + 5 0 , P S U R Y H G F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q V Z R U O G Z L G H U H F U X L W L Q J D Q G V H O H F W L Q J D Q G
E H W W H U W D O H Q W D Q G S H U I R U P D Q F H P D Q D J H P H Q W S U R J U D P V W L H G W R F D U H H U S O D Q Q L Q J
D U H R Q O \ D I H Z R I W K H + 5 S U R J U D P V L Q 0 1 ( V W K D W K D Y H E H H Q L P S U R Y H G E \ W K H
X V H R I F R P S X W H U W H F K Q R O R J \ 6 W L O O W K H L Q F U H D V H G X V H D Q G L Q W H J U D W L R Q R I G D W D
Z L W K L Q W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q I D F H V V H Y H U D O F K D O O H Q J H V D Q G S U H V V X U H V E H F D X V H W K H
O D Z V Z L W K Z K L F K W K H V H V \ V W H P V P X V W F R P S O \ R I W H Q G L I I H U I U R P F R X Q W U \ W R
F R X Q W U \ , Q W K L V F K D S W H U Z H H [ D P L Q H W K H F K D U D F W H U L V W L F V R I 0 1 ( V D Q G W K H
P D Q D J H P H Q W R I S H R S O H Z L W K L Q W K H V H H Q W H U S U L V H V , Q D G G L W L R Q Z H F R Y H U W K H
Y D U L R X V Z D \ V L Q Z K L F K F R P S X W H U W H F K Q R O R J \ D Q G D Z H O O G H Y H O R S H G + 5 , 6
D I I H F W W K H I L H O G R I , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O + 5 0
7 K L V F K D S W H U F D Q Q R W F R Y H U D O O W K H O L W H U D W X U H D Q G L V V X H V L Q W K H I L H O G R I , + 5 0
+ R Z H Y H U I R U W K H L Q W H U H V W H G U H D G H U W K H U H D U H H [ F H O O H Q W D Q G F R P S U H K H Q V L Y H
W H [ W E R R N V D Y D L O D E O H R Q , + 5 0 % U L V F R H 6 F K X O H U ' R Z O L Q J ) H V W L Q J
( Q J O H + D U ] L Q J 3 L Q Q L Q J W R Q ] E L O J L Q * U R X W V L V + D U Y H \
7 \ S H V R I , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O % X V L Q H V V 2 S H U D W L R Q V
, Q W R G D \ V J O R E D O H F R Q R P \ R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V W H Q G W R F R P S H W H E D V H G R Q G L I I H U H Q W
O H Y H O V R I S D U W L F L S D W L R Q L Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O P D U N H W V 1 R H + R O O H Q E H F N * H U K D U W
: U L J K W , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V R S H U D W L R Q V G L I I H U S U L P D U L O \ E \ W K H L U
O H Y H O R I J O R E D O S D U W L F L S D W L R Q R Q D F R Q W L Q X X P I U R P D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q
W R D J O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q $ O W K R X J K P D Q \ R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V K D Y H R Q O \ O L P L W H G
J O R E D O V F R S H D J U R Z L Q J Q X P E H U R I R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V V X F K D V ' H O O D Q G 0 L F U R V R I W
K D Y H D O D U J H Q X P E H U R I S H U V R Q Q H O D Q G I D F L O L W L H V W K U R X J K R X W W K H Z R U O G 6 Q H O O
0 R U U L V % R K O D Q G H U 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J V H F W L R Q S U R Y L G H V D E U L H I
G H V F U L S W L R Q R I W K H I R X U W \ S H V D V L G H Q W L I L H G E \ % H D P D Q Z K L F K D U H E D V H G
R Q W K H W \ S H V R I L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V R S H U D W L R Q V G H V F U L E H G E \ W K H L U O H Y H O R I
J O R E D O S D U W L F L S D W L R Q % D U W O H W W * K R V K D O
, Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O & R U S R U D W L R Q
$ Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q X V H V L W V H [ L V W L Q J F R U H F R P S H W H Q F L H V W R H [ S D Q G
R S H U D W L R Q V L Q W R I R U H L J Q P D U N H W V 6 Q H O O H W D O 7 K H V H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V
D S S U R D F K L V F H Q W U D O L ] H G D Q G I R F X V H G R Q O H D U Q L Q J D Q G V K D U L Q J 7 K L V W \ S H R I
R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q F R P S H W H V L Q W K H J O R E D O P D U N H W S O D F H E \ H [ S R U W L Q J H [ L V W L Q J
S U R G X F W V D Q G H Y H Q W X D O O \ R S H Q L Q J I D F L O L W L H V L Q R W K H U F R X Q W U L H V : K L O H W K H L U
F R U S R U D W H K H D G T X D U W H U V W \ S L F D O O \ U H V L G H L Q W K H S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O
F R U S R U D W L R Q V K D Y H I R U H L J Q R S H U D W L R Q V L Q R Q H R U P R U H K R V W F R X Q W U L H V
& R P S D Q L H V R S H U D W L Q J D V L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V L Q F O X G H + R Q G D * H Q H U D O
( O H F W U L F D Q G 3 U R F W H U * D P E O H V H H 6 Q H O O H W D O
7 K L V W \ S H R I L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V R S H U D W L R Q S U H V H Q W V Y D U L R X V X Q L T X H
F K D O O H Q J H V I R U W K H + 5 0 I X Q F W L R Q R I W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q 7 Z R L V V X H V S D U W L F X O D U O \
U H O H Y D Q W W R L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V D U H W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ V O H J D O V \ V W H P D Q G
W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ V Q D W L R Q D O F X O W X U H / H J D O L V V X H V P L J K W D U L V H E H F D X V H R I D
F R X Q W U \ V P L Q L P X P Z D J H I R U H [ D P S O H , Q V R P H F R X Q W U L H V W K H P L Q L P X P
Z D J H L V U H O D W L Y H O \ K L J K G U L Y L Q J X S O D E R U F R V W V 1 R H H W D O ( [ D P S O H V R I
F X O W X U D O G L I I H U H Q F H V D I I H F W L Q J L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V D U H F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q
V W \ O H V R U W K H P H D Q L Q J D Q G L P S R U W D Q F H R I Z R U N L Q W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ V X F K
G L I I H U H Q F H V R I W H Q L P S D F W Z R U N R X W F R P H V V X F K D V R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O F R P P L W P H Q W
M R E V D W L V I D F W L R Q D Q G L Q W H Q W L R Q W R V W D \ 0 X O W L Q D W L R Q D O & R U S R U D W L R Q
$ P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q L V D P R U H F R P S O H [ L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V
R S H U D W L R Q W K D Q W K H S U H F H G L Q J R Q H , Q D Q D W W H P S W W R F D S L W D O L ] H R Q O R Z H U
S U R G X F W L R Q D Q G G L V W U L E X W L R Q F R V W V P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V + 5 U R O H L V
K L J K O \ G H F H Q W U D O L ] H G O R F D O O \ U H V S R Q V L Y H D Q G L W R S H U D W H V D V I X O O \ D X W R Q R P R X V
X Q L W V L Q P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V 1 R H H W D O 6 Q H O O H W D O $ Q H [ D P S O H
R I D P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q L V * H Q H U D O 0 R W R U V * 0 : K L O H * 0 V
K H D G T X D U W H U V D Q G V R P H R I L W V R S H U D W L R Q V D U H O R F D W H G L Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V
P D Q \ R I L W V P D Q X I D F W X U L Q J I D F L O L W L H V K D Y H E H H Q U H O R F D W H G W R S O D F H V V X F K D V
0 H [ L F R D Q G & K L Q D Z L W K W K H J R D O V R I U H G X F L Q J S U R G X F W L R Q F R V W V D Q G D F F H V V L Q J
O R F D O P D U N H W V / R F D W L Q J I D F L O L W L H V W R & K L Q D K D V D O O R Z H G * 0 W R V H O O W R W K H
$ V L D Q P D U N H W V Z L W K U H G X F H G G L V W U L E X W L R Q F R V W V 7 K H + 5 0 L V V X H V H [ S H U L H Q F H G
E \ P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V D U H V L P L O D U W R W K R V H H Q F R X Q W H U H G E \
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V E X W H [ D F H U E D W H G E \ W K H I D F W W K D W W K H U H D U H P R U H
F R X Q W U L H V D Q G F R X Q W U \ G L I I H U H Q F H V W R W D N H L Q W R F R Q V L G H U D W L R Q
2 Q H D S S U R D F K W D N H Q E \ P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V K D V E H H Q W R K L U H
H [ S D W U L D W H V I U R P F R X Q W U L H V R W K H U W K D Q W K H S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ W R K H O S Z L W K V W D I I L Q J
D Q G P D Q D J H P H Q W L V V X H V 1 R H H W D O + R Z H Y H U D F F R U G L Q J W R 1 R H D Q G
F R O O H D J X H V D O W K R X J K K L U L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V I U R P R W K H U F R X Q W U L H V K D V L W V
G L V D G Y D Q W D J H V V X F K L V V X H V F D Q E H R Y H U F R P H E \ U H T X L U L Q J J U H D W H U F U R V V
W U D L Q L Q J R I F X O W X U D O D Q G P D Q D J H U L D O V N L O O V
* O R E D O & R U S R U D W L R Q
* O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V D U H V L P L O D U W R L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V L Q W K D W W K H L U + 5
I X Q F W L R Q V D U H K L J K O \ F H Q W U D O L ] H G D Q G I R F X V H G R Q H I I L F L H Q F \ K R Z H Y H U W K H
J O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q D O V R L Q W H J U D W H V L W V Z R U O G Z L G H R S H U D W L R Q V W K U R X J K D
F H Q W U D O L ] H G K R P H R I I L F H 6 Q H O O H W D O 0 X O W L Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V
S U R G X F H D Q G G L V W U L E X W H L G H Q W L F D O S U R G X F W V D Q G V H U Y L F H V Z R U O G Z L G H * O R E D O
F R U S R U D W L R Q V R Q W K H R W K H U K D Q G H P S K D V L ] H I O H [ L E L O L W \ D Q G P D V V F X V W R P L ] D W L R Q
W R P H H W W K H Q H H G V R I G L I I H U L Q J F X V W R P H U J U R X S V Z R U O G Z L G H 1 R H H W D O
) R U G U H S U H V H Q W V D Q H [ D P S O H R I D J O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q ) R U G R I I H U V W Z R G L I I H U H Q W
O L Q H V R I D X W R P R E L O H V R Q H W R L W V $ P H U L F D Q F R Q V X P H U V D Q G W K H R W K H U W R L W V
( X U R S H D Q F R Q V X P H U V ) R U H [ D P S O H L W P H H W V W K H Q H H G R I ( X U R S H D Q F R Q V X P H U V I R U V P D O O H U P R U H I X H O H I I L F L H Q W F D U V E \ R I I H U L Q J W K H . D D F D U V L P L O D U W R
' D L P O H U V V P D U W F D U
% H F D X V H R I W K L V L Q W H J U D W L Y H L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O I R F X V J O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q V P X V W
P D Q D J H W K H L U K X P D Q U H V R X U F H V W K U R X J K D P X O W L F R X Q W U \ + 5 0 V \ V W H P 7 K L V
W \ S H R I V \ V W H P L V F K D U D F W H U L ] H G E \ W K U H H H V V H Q W L D O D W W U L E X W H V + 5 G H F L V L R Q V
D U H P D G H I U R P D J O R E D O U D W K H U W K D Q D Q D W L R Q D O S H U V S H F W L Y H W K H F R P S D Q \ V
P D Q D J H P H Q W L V F R P S R V H G R I S H R S O H I U R P D O O R Y H U W K H Z R U O G D Q G G H F L V L R Q
P D N L Q J D Q G S O D Q Q L Q J S U R F H V V H V L Q F O X G H S H R S O H I U R P D Y D U L H W \ R I F X O W X U H V D Q G
E D F N J U R X Q G V 1 R H H W D O
7 U D Q V Q D W L R Q D O & R U S R U D W L R Q
$ W U D Q V Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q X V H V D Q + 5 D S S U R D F K W K D W L V O R F D O O \ U H V S R Q V L E O H
W R L W V F R X Q W U \ O R F D W L R Q D Q G L V I R F X V H G R Q E H L Q J K L J K O \ H I I L F L H Q W S O X V
H P S K D V L ] L Q J O H D U Q L Q J D Q G V K D U L Q J 7 K H W \ S H R I L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V
R S H U D W L R Q Z L O O L Q H Y L W D E O \ L Q I O X H Q F H W K H Z D \ L Q Z K L F K W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q
P D Q D J H V L W V K X P D Q U H V R X U F H V , W L V I H D V L E O H W R F R Q F H S W X D O L ] H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V R Q
D F R Q W L Q X X P E D V H G R Q W K H L U O H Y H O R I J O R E D O S D U W L F L S D W L R Q I U R P W K H G R P H V W L F
F R U S R U D W L R Q U H S U H V H Q W L Q J W K H O R Z H V W O H Y H O R I J O R E D O S D U W L F L S D W L R Q W R W K H J O R E D O
F R U S R U D W L R Q U H S U H V H Q W L Q J W K H K L J K H V W O H Y H O R I J O R E D O S D U W L F L S D W L R Q : L W K W K L V L Q
P L Q G Z H S U R Y L G H L Q W K H I R O O R Z L Q J V H F W L R Q V R I W K L V F K D S W H U D G L V F X V V L R Q R I
L V V X H V V X U U R X Q G L Q J W K H P D Q D J H P H Q W R I K X P D Q U H V R X U F H V L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O O \
$ O W K R X J K W K H V H G L V W L Q F W L R Q V D P R Q J 0 1 ( V D U H L P S R U W D Q W W K H D F W X D O V W U X F W X U H
R I W K H 0 1 ( G H W H U P L Q H V L W V H I I H F W L Y H Q H V V 7 K H U H L V Q R E H V W V W U X F W X U H W K D W I L W V
W K H G L V W U L E X W L R Q D Q G P D U N H W L Q J Q H H G V R I D O O 0 1 ( V 3 H U K D S V K D Y L Q J D I O H [ L E O H
D S S U R D F K W R V W U X F W X U H L V W K H E H V W Z D \ W R P D Q D J H D Q 0 1 ( 8 V H D Q + 5
D S S U R D F K W K D W L V O R F D O O \ U H V S R Q V L Y H W R L W V F R X Q W U \ O R F D W L R Q D Q G L V I R F X V H G R Q
E H L Q J K L J K O \ H I I L F L H Q W S O X V E H L Q J I R F X V H G R Q O H D U Q L Q J D Q G V K D U L Q J
* R L Q J * O R E D O
) R U G R P H V W L F D Q G L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O I L U P V E H F R P L Q J D J O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q L V D
G H V L U D E O H D Q G L P S R U W D Q W V W H S G X H W R S R W H Q W L D O V D O H V L Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O P D U N H W V L Q
D G G L W L R Q W R W K H D E L O L W \ W R L P S U R Y H S U R G X F W V D Q G V H U Y L F H V W K U R X J K W K H O H V V R Q V
O H D U Q H G L Q G L I I H U H Q W P D U N H W V 6 L Q F H J R L Q J J O R E D O U H T X L U H V D V L J Q L I L F D Q W L Q Y H V W P H Q W P R V W F R P S D Q L H V W K D W J R J O R E D O D U H I D L U O \ O D U J H D Q G K D Y H S U R G X F W V
R U V H U Y L F H V W K D W Z R X O G D S S H D O W R D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O P D U N H W + R Z H Y H U W K H U H D U H
V S H F L D O W \ F R P S D Q L H V I R U Z K L F K W K H L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O P D U N H W L V D O V R G H V L U D E O H G X H
W R F R X Q W U \ E \ F R X Q W U \ P D U N H W Q L F K H V % U L H I O \ J R L Q J J O R E D O U H T X L U H V
F R Q V L G H U D E O H S O D Q Q L Q J D Q G O H D U Q L Q J K R Z J O R E D O F R P S D Q L H V D Q G G R P H V W L F
F R P S H W L W R U V R S H U D W H 7 K H I L U V W V W H S L Q J R L Q J J O R E D O I R U P R V W F R P S D Q L H V L V W R
H V W D E O L V K D V D O H V R I I L F H L Q W K H F R X Q W U L H V E H L Q J F R Q V L G H U H G D V S R W H Q W L D O
V X E V L G L D U \ O R F D W L R Q V 7 K L V H Q D E O H V W K H F R P S D Q \ W R J D L Q L P S R U W D Q W N Q R Z O H G J H
R I W K H O R F D O F X O W X U H L W V U H J X O D W L R Q V F R P S H W L W L R Q D Q G O L Y L Q J F R Q G L W L R Q V : K H Q
L W L V S R V V L E O H F R P S D Q L H V D O V R Z L O O F D O F X O D W H D Q L Q L W L D O F R V W E H Q H I L W D Q D O \ V L V W R
G H W H U P L Q H L I W K H S R W H Q W L D O 5 2 , L Q G L F D W H V W K H \ V K R X O G F R Q W L Q X H W R H [ S O R U H W K H
H V W D E O L V K P H Q W R I D V X E V L G L D U \ L Q W K H F R X Q W U \
7 K H U H D U H D O V R D Q X P E H U R I L P S R U W D Q W + 5 L V V X H V Z K L F K Z L O O D O V R Q H H G W R E H
D G G U H V V H G Z K H Q F R P S D Q L H V P D N H W K H V Z L W F K W R J O R E D O H [ S D Q V L R Q 5 R E H U W V
U D L V H G I R X U L V V X H V W K D W F R P S D Q L H V V K R X O G F R Q V L G H U E H I R U H G H F L G L Q J W R
J R J O R E D O X Q G H U V W D Q G L Q J W K H S R Z H U R I W K H S H R S O H W H F K Q L F D O L V V X H V
F X O W X U D O F O D V K H V D Q G S U L Y D F \ O D Z K X U G O H V $ Q H [ D P S O H R I X Q G H U V W D Q G L Q J
W K H S R Z H U R I W K H S H R S O H F L W H G E \ 5 R E H U W V Z D V W K D W R I D Q H O H F W U L F D O F R P S R Q H Q W
P D Q X I D F W X U H U L Q 7 H Q Q H V V H H W K D W Q H H G H G I D [ H V M X V W W R J H W D Z R U O G Z L G H K H D G
F R X Q W 7 K H F R P S D Q \ K D G P R U H W K D Q H P S O R \ H H V D W V L W H V L Q
F R X Q W U L H V V R J H W W L Q J D Q D F F X U D W H K H D G F R X Q W Z D V G L I I L F X O W E X W T X L W H L P S R U W D Q W
2 I W H Q F R P S D Q L H V I H H O W K D W J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q Z L O O V X U H O \ E H D E O H W R V R O Y H W K L V
S U R E O H P 5 H O D W H G W R W K H S R Z H U R I W K H S H R S O H Z D V W K D W D F R P S D Q \ Q H H G V P R U H
W K D Q P R Q H W D U \ U H V R X U F H V W R J R J O R E D O , W D O V R Q H H G V W K H Z L O O L Q J S D U W L F L S D W L R Q
R I D O O S D U W L H V L Q Y R O Y H G 7 K L V S U R F H V V R I J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q Z D V D P D M R U
R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O V W H S D Q G L W Q H H G H G W R E H L P S O H P H Q W H G F D U H I X O O \ 7 K H V H F R Q G
S U R E O H P D F F R U G L Q J W R 5 R E H U W V W K D W P R V W S H R S O H D V V X P H W R E H V R O Y H G H D V L O \
L Q Y R O Y H V W K H W H F K Q L F D O L V V X H V D Q G F K D Q J H V Q H H G H G W R J O R E D O L ] H ' H F L V L R Q V Z L O O
K D Y H W R E H P D G H D E R X W L Q Z K L F K W H F K Q R O R J L H V W R L Q Y H V W K R Z W R L Q W H J U D W H W K H P
D Q G K R Z G D W D D U H V K D U H G E H W Z H H Q F R X Q W U L H V D Q G G L Y L V L R Q V , Q D G G L W L R Q L V V X H V
V X F K D V H P S O R \ H H U H D G L Q H V V I R U Q H Z W H F K Q R O R J \ S U L Y D F \ O D Z V D Q G W K H W \ S H V
R I G H Y L F H V H J P R E L O H O D S W R S G H V N W R S W K D W Z L O O E H X W L O L ] H G Z L O O Q H H G W R E H
D G G U H V V H G 0 D V R Q D U J X H V W K D W W H F K Q R O R J \ F D Q K H O S W R V W D Q G D U G L ] H D Q G
V W U H D P O L Q H + 5 S U D F W L F H V J O R E D O O \ : H G L V F X V V P R U H D E R X W W K L V O D W H U L Q W K H
F K D S W H U Z K H Q Z H G L V F X V V W K H U R O H R I + 5 , 6 L Q W K H V H I L U P V & X O W X U H W K H W K L U G R I 5 R E H U W V V L V V X H V L V D O V R K L J K O \ L P S R U W D Q W 6 R P H H Y H Q
D U J X H L W W R E H W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W I R U D Q \ F R P S D Q \ J R L Q J J O R E D O 0 D Q \
D W W H P S W V W R J R J O R E D O K D Y H I D L O H G E H F D X V H W K H H P S O R \ H H V I U R P W K H K R P H
F R X Q W U \ O R F D W L R Q K D Y H G L I I L F X O W L H V Z L W K W K H F X O W X U D O G L Y H U V L W \ L Q R W K H U
F R X Q W U L H V : R U N L Q J V W \ O H V L Q F R X Q W U L H V P D \ E H H Q W L U H O \ G L I I H U H Q W Z L W K V W U L F W
O H Y H O V R I K L H U D U F K \ D Q G I R U P D O L W L H V H [ S H F W H G L Q V R P H F R X Q W U L H V Z K L O H R W K H U V
P D \ Q R W K D Y H W K L V V W U X F W X U H
7 K H I R X U W K L V V X H G H D O V Z L W K W K H Y D U \ L Q J F R X Q W U \ E \ F R X Q W U \ S U L Y D F \ O D Z V ) R U
H [ D P S O H W K H S U L Y D F \ O D Z V L Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V D U H P R U H O L E H U D O W K D Q W K H R Q H V
L Q W K H ( X U R S H D Q 8 Q L R Q ( 8 , Q D G G L W L R Q P R V W F R X Q W U L H V L Q F O X G L Q J W K R V H L Q
W K H ( 8 K D Y H G D W D S U L Y D F \ O D Z V V S H F L I L F W R W K H L U R Z Q F R X Q W U \ % D W \ V N L
Q R W H V W K D W W K L V Z L O O U H T X L U H + 5 V W D I I D Q G H Y H Q P D Q D J H U V Z K R K D Q G O H
H P S O R \ H H G D W D W R E H Z H O O W U D L Q H G L Q W K H S U L Y D F \ O D Z V I R U H D F K F R X Q W U \ L Q
Z K L F K W K H F R P S D Q \ R S H U D W H V 1 R W Z L W K V W D Q G L Q J W K H H P H U J L Q J 3 U L Y D F \ 6 K L H O G
) U D P H Z R U N U H F H Q W O \ Q H J R W L D W H G E H W Z H H Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V D Q G W K H ( 8 V H H
+ 5 , 6 L Q $ F W L R Q V H F W L R Q D W W K H E H J L Q Q L Q J R I W K H F K D S W H U G L I I H U L Q J S U L Y D F \
O D Z V F D Q D O V R L P S D F W + 5 U H S R U W L Q J U H T X L U H P H Q W V + 5 P X V W E H D Z D U H R I
F R X Q W U \ V S H F L I L F U H T X L U H P H Q W V V X U U R X Q G L Q J W K H W U D F N L Q J R I H P S O R \ H H G D W D D Q G
W K H + 5 , 6 X W L O L ] H G P X V W E H D E O H W R D F F R X Q W I R U W K H V H G L I I H U H Q F H V ) R U H [ D P S O H
L Q V R P H F R X Q W U L H V W K H W U D F N L Q J R I X Q L R Q P H P E H U V K L S L V D O O R Z H G E X W L Q R W K H U V
L W L V Q R W 7 K H V H G L I I H U L Q J U H J X O D W L R Q V D Q G U H S R U W L Q J U H T X L U H P H Q W V P D N H L W Y H U \
G L I I L F X O W W R L P S O H P H Q W D Q + 5 , 6 W K D W V S D Q V P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V D Q G D F F R X Q W V I R U
W K H F R X Q W U \ V S H F L I L F Q X D Q F H V L Q G D W D F R O O H F W L R Q D Q G U H S R U W L Q J 7 K X V P D Q \
I L U P V D U H O L N H O \ W R L P S O H P H Q W P X O W L S O H + 5 V \ V W H P V W K U R X J K R X W W K H Z R U O G W R
U H P D L Q F R P S O L D Q W Z L W K W K H V H G L I I H U H Q F H V
, Q W K H * R L Q J * O R E D O 5 H S R U W + & 0 7 U H Q G V L Q * O R E D O L ] D W L R Q
% H D P D Q G H V F U L E H V W K H G H F L V L R Q R I J R L Q J J O R E D O D V T X L W H G L I I L F X O W D Q G
W L P H F R Q V X P L Q J - H L W R V D * U R X S , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O L Q F R O O D E R U D W L R Q Z L W K W K H
, Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O $ V V R F L D W L R Q I R U + X P D Q 5 H V R X U F H , Q I R U P D W L R Q 0 D Q D J H P H Q W
, + 5 , 0 F R P S O H W H G D V X U Y H \ R I P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V I U R P
G L Y H U V H L Q G X V W U \ V H F W R U V W K D W I R F X V H G R Q W K H I D F W R U V W K D W O H D G D F R U S R U D W L R Q W R
J R J O R E D O 7 K H V X U Y H \ Z D V G H V L J Q H G W R D Q V Z H U W K H V H T X H V W L R Q V
+ R Z G R H V D Q R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q G H F L G H Z K H Q L W V K R X O G J R J O R E D O "
+ R Z G R H V L W G H W H U P L Q H Z K H W K H U R U Q R W L W V + 5 G H S D U W P H Q W D Q G + 5 , 6 D U H U H D G \ "
$ U H L W V E X V L Q H V V D Q G + 5 I X Q F W L R Q V F D S D E O H R I V X S S R U W L Q J D P R Y H W R D
J O R E D O O H Y H O I R U W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q "
) L J X U H O L V W V D Q X P E H U R I F K D O O H Q J H V W K D W R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V I D F H Z K H Q J R L Q J
J O R E D O , Q W H U H V W L Q J O \ W K H W R S I R X U F K D O O H Q J H V L G H Q W L I L H G L Q W K L V V X U Y H \
F X O W X U D O G L Y H U V L W \ D S S U H F L D W L R Q H Q K D Q F H G E X V L Q H V V S H U I R U P D Q F H
O H D G H U V K L S V W U H Q J W K D Q G R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O V X S S R U W D U H W K H V D P H
F K D O O H Q J H V W K D W K D Y H E H H Q I D F H G E \ J O R E D O R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V I R U \ H D U V $ G O H U
% U L V F R H 6 F K X O H U ' R Z O L Q J ) H V W L Q J ( Q J O H 7 K L V
V X U Y H \ D O V R T X H U L H G U H V S R Q G H Q W V D E R X W W K H N H \ F R P S H W H Q F L H V I R U V X F F H V V I X O
J O R E D O Z R U N $ V V H H Q L Q ) L J X U H W K H W R S I L Y H D U H J O R E D O P L Q G V H W
F X O W X U D O L Q W H O O L J H Q F H V W U D W H J L F W K L Q N L Q J D G D S W D E L O L W \ W R F K D Q J H
D Q G D F F R P P R G D W L R Q I O H [ L E L O L W \ 7 K H Q H [ W I L Y H N H \
F R P S H W H Q F L H V D U H D O O I R F X V H G R Q P D Q D J H P H Q W O H D G H U V K L S V N L O O V G H F L V L R Q
P D N L Q J D E L O L W \ D Q D O \ W L F W K L Q N L Q J L Q W H U S H U V R Q D O V N L O O V D Q G E X V L Q H V V D F X P H Q
$ V D V H W W K H V H F R P S H W H Q F H V L Q G L F D W H W K D W S U R I H V V L R Q D O V D Q G P D Q D J H U V
Z R U N L Q J L Q J O R E D O F R P S D Q L H V Q H H G W R G H Y H O R S W K H V H F R P S H W H Q F L H V W K U R X J K
W U D L Q L Q J D Q G H [ S H U L H Q F H L Q R U G H U I R U W K H J O R E D O F R P S D Q \ W R E H V X F F H V V I X O : H
D J U H H Z L W K % H D P D Q Z K R V D \ V W K D W J R L Q J J O R E D O Z L W K + 5 D Q G + 5
W H F K Q R O R J \ L V F K D O O H Q J L Q J E X W F D Q E H U H Z D U G L Q J W R R : K L O H W K H L Q G X V W U \ L V
P D N L Q J S U R J U H V V W K H U H L V P R U H Z R U N W R G R S
) L J X U H 7 R S & K D O O H Q J H V L Q : R U N L Q J * O R E D O O \ 6 R X U F H % H D P D Q S 5 H S U L Q W H G Z L W K S H U P L V V L R Q
) L J X U H . H \ & R P S H W H Q F L H V I R U 6 X F F H V V I X O * O R E D O : R U N
6 R X U F H % H D P D Q S 5 H S U L Q W H G Z L W K S H U P L V V L R Q
7 K H G L I I L F X O W L H V L Q Y R O Y H G L Q P D Q D J L Q J W K H Z R U N I R U F H R I D Q \ 0 1 ( L Q F O X G L Q J D
J O R E D O R Q H D U H F R Y H U H G L Q W K H U H P D L Q G H U R I W K L V F K D S W H U
' L I I H U H Q F H V L Q + 5 0 L Q 0 1 ( V
( Y H Q W K R X J K W K H U H Z H U H D Q X P E H U R I G L I I H U H Q W W \ S H V R I L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V
R S H U D W L R Q V G H V F U L E H G L Q W K H S U H Y L R X V V H F W L R Q I R U F R Q Y H Q L H Q F H W K H V H W \ S H V Z L O O
D O O E H U H I H U U H G W R D V P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O H Q W H U S U L V H V 0 1 ( V $ V R Q H P L J K W H [ S H F W
W K H U H D U H V L J Q L I L F D Q W G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q + 5 0 S U R J U D P V D Q G S U D F W L F H V E H W Z H H Q D
G R P H V W L F H Q W H U S U L V H D Q G D Q 0 1 ( % H F D X V H W K H G R P H V W L F R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q R Q O \
R S H U D W H V L Q R Q H O D E R U P D U N H W P D Q D J L Q J L W V K X P D Q U H V R X U F H V L V P X F K H D V L H U
W K D Q L V W K H F D V H I R U 0 1 ( V 0 1 ( V R S H U D W H L Q P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V D Q G P X V W
K D Y H L Q I R U P D W L R Q R Q W K H O D E R U P D U N H W V L Q D O O W K H F R X Q W U L H V L Q Z K L F K W K H \ G R
E X V L Q H V V , Q D G G L W L R Q D Q 0 1 ( L Q F O X G H V W K U H H W \ S H V R I H P S O R \ H H V D V R S S R V H G W R R Q H
W \ S H L Q D G R P H V W L F I L U P 7 K H V H 0 1 ( H P S O R \ H H V L Q F O X G H S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \
Q D W L R Q D O V 3 & 1 V K R V W F R X Q W U \ Q D W L R Q D O V + & 1 V D Q G W K L U G F R X Q W U \
Q D W L R Q D O V 7 & 1 V 3 & 1 V D U H I U R P W K H F R X Q W U \ L Q Z K L F K W K H F R U S R U D W H
K H D G T X D U W H U V R I W K H 0 1 ( L V O R F D W H G Z K L O H + & 1 V D U H I U R P W K H F R X Q W U L H V
Z K H U H V X E V L G L D U L H V D U H O R F D W H G 7 & 1 V D U H H P S O R \ H H V I U R P F R X Q W U L H V R W K H U
W K D Q W K H S D U H Q W R U K R V W F R X Q W U L H V , Q V S L W H R I W K H V H G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q W K H W \ S H V R I
H P S O R \ H H V K L U H G E \ D G R P H V W L F H Q W H U S U L V H D Q G D Q 0 1 ( W K H P D M R U S U R J U D P V
R I + 5 0 I R U H [ D P S O H W D O H Q W P D Q D J H P H Q W D Q G F R P S H Q V D W L R Q H [ L V W L Q E R W K
G R P H V W L F D Q G L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V + R Z H Y H U W K H I D F W W K D W D Q 0 1 (
F R P S H W H V L Q P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V Y H U V X V W K H V L Q J O H F R X Q W U \ R U L H Q W D W L R Q R I D
G R P H V W L F F R P S D Q \ F R Q W U L E X W H V W R W K H F R P S O H [ L W \ R I , + 5 0 ' R Z O L Q J H W D O
L G H Q W L I \ V L [ N H \ I D F W R U V W K D W F R Q W U L E X W H W R W K H F R P S O H [ L W \ R I
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O + 5 P D Q D J H P H Q W
0 R U H + 5 D F W L Y L W L H V $ Q + 5 G H S D U W P H Q W L Q D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O I L U P P X V W E H
F R Q F H U Q H G Z L W K D F W L Y L W L H V W K D W Z R X O G Q R W E H S D U W R I D Q + 5 G H S D U W P H Q W L Q
D G R P H V W L F I L U P I R U H [ D P S O H U H O D W L R Q V Z L W K K R V W J R Y H U Q P H Q W V
G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q O D E R U O D Z V D Q G J X L G H O L Q H V L Q W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ D Q G
D G P L Q L V W U D W L Y H G H W D L O V R I W K H H P S O R \ H H V V X F K D V L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O W D [ D W L R Q
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O U H O R F D W L R Q R U L H Q W D W L R Q D Q G O D Q J X D J H W U D L Q L Q J
7 K H Q H H G I R U D E U R D G H U S H U V S H F W L Y H 7 K H + 5 G H S D U W P H Q W D Q G P D Q D J H U V L Q
0 1 ( V Q H H G D E U R D G H U Z R U O G Y L H Z L Q G H D O L Q J Z L W K 3 & 1 V + & 1 V D Q G
7 & 1 V D Q G U H F R J Q L W L R Q R I E R W K W K H F X O W X U D O G L I I H U H Q F H V D P R Q J
H P S O R \ H H V D Q G W K H G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q Z R U N H W K L F S U D F W L F H V D Q G H [ S H F W D W L R Q V
L Q W K H H P S O R \ H H V K R P H F R X Q W U L H V
0 R U H L Q Y R O Y H P H Q W L Q H P S O R \ H H V S H U V R Q D O O L Y H V 7 K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W
L V P R U H L Q Y R O Y H G L Q W K H O L Y H V R I H P S O R \ H H V L Q W K H D U H D V R I W D [ D W L R Q
H G X F D W L R Q D Q G H Y H Q E D Q N L Q J V H U Y L F H V , W D O V R K D V W R D G G U H V V W K H L V V X H R I
Y L V D V D Q G K R X V L Q J D U U D Q J H P H Q W V I R U 3 & 1 V H [ S D W U L D W H V D Q G 7 & 1 V
& K D Q J H V L Q H P S K D V L V R I + 5 S U R J U D P V V X F K D V F R P S H Q V D W L R Q
P D Q D J H U L D O V W \ O H D Q G W R O H U D Q F H R I H P S O R \ H H G L Y H U V L W \ D V W K H Z R U N I R U F H
P L [ R I H [ S D W U L D W H V D Q G O R F D O V Y D U L H V 7 K H L P P H Q V H S R R O R I W D O H Q W
D Y D L O D E O H W R 0 1 ( V P H D Q V D Y D U \ L Q J P L [ R I 3 & 1 V + & 1 V D Q G 7 & 1 V L Q
W K H Z R U N I R U F H & R Q V H T X H Q W O \ D Q X P E H U R I G L I I H U H Q W O D Q J X D J H V Z L O O R I W H Q
E H V S R N H Q 7 K L V V L W X D W L R Q Z R X O G G L F W D W H O D Q J X D J H W U D L Q L Q J W R V X S S R U W D
F R P P R Q O D Q J X D J H I R U H P S O R \ H H V D Q G W R L P S U R Y H F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q L Q W K H Z R U N L Q J H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W
5 L V N H [ S R V X U H 7 K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W P X V W E H D Z D U H R I W K H U L V N V W R L W V
H P S O R \ H H V D Q G N H H S W K H P D S S U L V H G R I D Q \ V L J Q L I L F D Q W S U R E O H P V H J
W H U U R U L V W W K U H D W V L P S H Q G L Q J Z D U F U L P H L Q V S H F L I L F O R F D W L R Q V D Q G
H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W D O G L V D V W H U V , W P X V W E H S U H S D U H G I R U D Q \ Q H F H V V D U \
H Y D F X D W L R Q R I H P S O R \ H H V
% U R D G H U H [ W H U Q D O L Q I O X H Q F H V 0 D Q \ I D F W R U V F D Q D I I H F W W K H R S H U D W L R Q D Q G
D F W L Y L W L H V R I , + 5 0 L Q P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V V X F K D V J R Y H U Q P H Q W
U H J X O D W L R Q V D Q G U H O D W L R Q V W K H O D E R U P D U N H W V R F L H W D O F R Q F H U Q V D Q G W K H
O H Y H O R I W H F K Q R O R J \
. H \ + 5 0 D Q D J H P H Q W , V V X H V L Q 0 1 ( V
0 D Q D J L Q J L Q W K H J O R E D O E X V L Q H V V H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W F U H D W H V X Q L T X H F R P S O H [ L W L H V I R U
P D Q D J H U V H V S H F L D O O \ H [ S D W U L D W H P D Q D J H U V , Q W K H S D V W R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V K D Y H
U H O L H G R Q H [ S D W U L D W H V D V D P D M R U V R X U F H R I V W D I I L Q J I R U W K H L U R Y H U V H D V
R S H U D W L R Q V 6 F K X O H U 7 D U L T X H 7 R G D \ W K R X J K R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V D U H
L Q F U H D V L Q J O \ V K L I W L Q J I U R P D Q H [ S D W U L D W H I R F X V H G Z R U N I R U F H W R D J O R E D O
Z R U N I R U F H % H D P D Q D U J X H V W K D W
L W L V R Q O \ E \ I L U V W W K L Q N L Q J O R F D O O \ W R W U X O \ X Q G H U V W D Q G W K H Q H H G V R I R X U
O R F D O E X V L Q H V V F R P P X Q L W L H V D Q G W K H Q D F W L Q J J O R E D O O \ W R V H D P O H V V O \
N Q L W W R J H W K H U G L Y H U V H E X V L Q H V V I X Q F W L R Q V D Q G + 5 V \ V W H P V L Q W R D K R O L V W L F
J O R E D O D S S U R D F K W K D W Z H F D Q E X L O G D Q H I I H F W L Y H H I I L F L H Q W D Q G F R P S H W L W L Y H
R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q S
, Q R W K H U Z R U G V E X L O G L Q J D J O R E D O Z R U N I R U F H Z L O O U H T X L U H D P L [ R I O R F D O D Q G
H [ S D W U L D W H H P S O R \ H H V Z R U N L Q J W R J H W K H U 6 R P H R I W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W F X O W X U D O
I D F W R U V L Q F O X G H G L Y H U V L W \ H G X F D W L R Q S R O L W L F V D Q G O D Z D Q G H F R Q R P L F V V H H
6 Q H O O H W D O
* O R E D O ' L Y H U V L W \ D Q G , Q F O X V L R Q
, Q P D Q \ O R F D W L R Q V W K H G U L Y H I R U L Q F U H D V H G G L Y H U V L W \ D Q G L Q F O X V L R Q K D V L W V E D V L V
L Q H T X D O H P S O R \ P H Q W O H J L V O D W L R Q % X W E H \ R Q G W K H O H J D O U H T X L U H P H Q W V W K H U H D U H D G G L W L R Q D O U H D V R Q V I R U V X S S R U W L Q J D G L Y H U V H Z R U N I R U F H 7 K H V H L Q F O X G H W K H
P R U D O L V V X H R I G L V F U L P L Q D W L R Q L Q K L U L Q J D Q G S U R P R W L R Q R Q W K H E D V L V R I J H Q G H U
D Q G U D F H D Q G W K H E X V L Q H V V F D V H W K D W L Q F U H D V L Q J G L Y H U V L W \ D Q G L Q F O X V L R Q Z L O O
L P S U R Y H W K H I L Q D Q F L D O S R V L W L R Q R I W K H 0 1 ( 7 K H E X V L Q H V V F D V H V L P S O \ V W D W H V
W K D W L I W K H F R Q V X P H U S R S X O D W L R Q L V G L Y H U V H W K H Q L W E H K R R Y H V D Q 0 1 ( W R K D Y H
D G L Y H U V H Z R U N I R U F H
2 U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V D U H L Q F U H D V L Q J O \ U H F R J Q L ] L Q J W K H L P S R U W D Q F H R I K D Y L Q J D J O R E D O
D S S U R D F K W R W K H K L U L Q J D Q G P D Q D J H P H Q W R I H P S O R \ H H V W R U H P D L Q F R P S H W L W L Y H
L Q W K H J O R E D O P D U N H W S O D F H 7 K L V V H D U F K I R U Q H Z H P S O R \ H H V P X V W W D N H D F F R X Q W
R I F X O W X U D O G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V E \ U H F R J Q L ] L Q J W K H L P S R U W D Q F H R I
G H Y H O R S L Q J J U H D W H U F U R V V F X O W X U D O F R P S H W H Q F H L Q W K H L U H P S O R \ H H V ' U L Y H Q E \
D Q H H G W R F R P S H Q V D W H I R U W D O H Q W V K R U W D J H V D Q G F R P S H W H L Q D Q L Q F U H D V L Q J O \
G L Y H U V H P D U N H W S O D F H F R P S D Q L H V D U H H [ W H Q G L Q J W K H L U U H F U X L W L Q J D Q G
S U R P R W L R Q H I I R U W V W R J U R X S V W K D W W U D G L W L R Q D O O \ Z H U H X Q G H U U H S U H V H Q W H G R U Q R W
S U H V H Q W D W D O O 6 + 5 0 S
+ D Y L Q J W K L V W \ S H R I D Z R U N I R U F H P H D Q V W K D W W K H H G X F D W L R Q D O O H Y H O V N L O O V
E D F N J U R X Q G D Q G F X O W X U D O Y D O X H V R I W K H Z R U N I R U F H Z L O O E H K L J K O \ Y D U L H G , W L V
L P S R U W D Q W I R U P D Q D J H U V W R X Q G H U V W D Q G D Q G G H D O Z L W K W K H K X P D Q F D S L W D O Q H H G V
R I D K L J K O \ G L Y H U V H Z R U N I R U F H P D G H X S R I L Q G L Y L G X D O V F R P L Q J I U R P
G L I I H U H Q W F X O W X U D O E D F N J U R X Q G V S R V V L E O \ V S H D N L Q J G L I I H U H Q W O D Q J X D J H V D Q G
K D Y L Q J G L I I H U H Q W H G X F D W L R Q D O H [ S H U L H Q F H V 7 K H V H H G X F D W L R Q G L I I H U H Q F H V
U H T X L U H W K D W P D Q D J H U V S U R Y L G H D V X S S R U W L Y H Z R U N H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W I R U W K H L U
H P S O R \ H H V 2 Q H L P S R U W D Q W D V S H F W R I V X S S R U W L V W U D L Q L Q J R Q F X O W X U D O
G L I I H U H Q F H V Y H U E D O D Q G Q R Q Y H U E D O F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q D Q G V S H F L I L F V N L O O
V H W V S D U W L F X O D U W R W K H H P S O R \ H H V M R E , Q R U G H U W R V X U Y L Y H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V P X V W
P D Q D J H G L I I H U H Q F H V V R W K D W H P S O R \ H H V I U R P D O O E D F N J U R X Q G V F D Q E H K H D U G E H
X Q G H U V W R R G D Q G E H D E O H W R Z R U N W R J H W K H U S U R G X F W L Y H O \
3 R O L W L F D O D Q G / H J D O 6 \ V W H P V
7 K H S R O L W L F D O D Q G O H J D O V \ V W H P V Z L W K L Q W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ Z L O O D I I H F W W K H W \ S H R I
+ 5 S U D F W L F H V W K D W F D Q E H X V H G 1 R H H W D O 7 K H O D Z V D Q G U H J X O D W L R Q V R I
W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ D U H G H W H U P L Q H G L Q S D U W E \ W K H V R F L H W D O Q R U P V R I W K D W F R X Q W U \
) R U H [ D P S O H W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V K D V F U H D W H G O D Z V J R Y H U Q L Q J L V V X H V V X F K D V
H T X D O H P S O R \ P H Q W R S S R U W X Q L W L H V D Q G I D L U S D \ V W D Q G D U G V 1 R H H W D O K R Z H Y H U W K H V H O D Z V D U H V S H F L I L F W R W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V D Q G V L P L O D U O D Z V P D \ R U
P D \ Q R W Q H F H V V D U L O \ H [ L V W L Q R W K H U F R X Q W U L H V , Q D G G L W L R Q I U H H V S H H F K L V D
F X O W X U D O Q R U P L Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V D Q G L V S U R W H F W H G E \ O D Z , W L V D F F H S W D E O H
I R U R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V D Q G L Q G L Y L G X D O V W R V S H D N R X W D J D L Q V W W K H J R Y H U Q P H Q W L I W K H \
G R Q R W O L N H F H U W D L Q J R Y H U Q P H Q W U H J X O D W L R Q V R U W D [ H V R U L I W K H \ W K L Q N W K H \ D U H
E H L Q J X Q I D L U O \ W U H D W H G + R Z H Y H U L Q R W K H U S D U W V R I W K H Z R U O G L W P D \ E H K L J K O \
L Q D S S U R S U L D W H D Q G R F F D V L R Q D O O \ H Y H Q G D Q J H U R X V I R U R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V W R V S H D N
R X W D J D L Q V W W K H J R Y H U Q P H Q W 2 Q W K H R W K H U K D Q G 8 6 F R P S D Q L H V P D \ L P S R V H D
F H U W D L Q G H J U H H R I F H Q V R U V K L S R Q H P S O R \ H H V D V O R Q J D V D E X V L Q H V V Q H F H V V L W \
H [ L V W V , Q R W K H U F R X Q W U L H V H P S O R \ H H V P L J K W E H S U R W H F W H G E \ O D Z R U E \ K L J K O \
U H J X O D W H G V H Y H U D Q F H S U D F W L F H V
( F R Q R P L F 6 \ V W H P
7 K H H F R Q R P L F V \ V W H P R I W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ L V R Q H G H W H U P L Q D Q W R I W K H Z D \ L Q
Z K L F K + 5 S U R J U D P V D Q G S U D F W L F H V D U H X V H G 7 K L V H F R Q R P L F V \ V W H P D I I H F W V
K X P D Q F D S L W D O S U L P D U L O \ W K U R X J K L W V F R P S H Q V D W L R Q V \ V W H P 1 R H H W D O
& R X Q W U L H V V X F K D V * H U P D Q \ 6 Z L W ] H U O D Q G D Q G - D S D Q K D Y H V W U R Q J H G X F D W L R Q D O
V \ V W H P V D Q G S U R Y L G H H P S O R \ H H V Z L W K K L J K Z D J H V , Q F R P S D U L V R Q G H Y H O R S L Q J
F R X Q W U L H V V X F K D V W K H 3 K L O L S S L Q H V $ I J K D Q L V W D Q D Q G + D L W L K D Y H S R R U H U
H G X F D W L R Q D O V \ V W H P V D Q G S U R Y L G H V X E V W D Q W L D O O \ O R Z H U F R P S H Q V D W L R Q W R W K H L U
Z R U N I R U F H V $ V W X G \ E \ W K H 8 6 ' H S D U W P H Q W R I / D E R U L Q G L F D W H V W K D W
W K H D Y H U D J H F R P S H Q V D W L R Q I R U H P S O R \ H H V L Q W K H P D Q X I D F W X U L Q J V H F W R U L Q W K H
3 K L O L S S L Q H V Z D V S H U K R X U F R P S D U H G W R S H U K R X U I R U
P D Q X I D F W X U L Q J H P S O R \ H H V L Q W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V , I W K H Z R U N I R U F H R I D Q 0 1 (
L Q W K H 3 K L O L S S L Q H V Z H U H F R P S R V H G R I H P S O R \ H H V I U R P E R W K W K H 3 K L O L S S L Q H V
D Q G W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V D Q H T X L W \ L V V X H P L J K W D U L V H D Q G P X V W E H P D Q D J H G
H I I H F W L Y H O \
+ 5 3 U R J U D P V L Q * O R E D O 2 U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V
, Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O 6 W D I I L Q J
7 K H F R P S O H [ L W L H V L Q K H U H Q W L Q P D Q D J L Q J D J O R E D O R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q P D N H V W D I I L Q J
D Q H V S H F L D O O \ L P S R U W D Q W S D U W R I W K H , + 5 0 V \ V W H P : K H Q V W D I I L Q J I R U P D Q D J H U L D O D Q G Q R Q P D Q D J H U L D O S R V L W L R Q V W K H 0 1 ( Q H H G V W R G H W H U P L Q H L I
S H U V R Q Q H O Z L O O E H V H O H F W H G I U R P W K H K R P H F R X Q W U \ K R V W F R X Q W U \ R U W K L U G
F R X Q W U \ W D O H Q W S R R O
$ V G H V F U L E H G E \ 6 Q H O O H W D O H D F K R I W K H V H H P S O R \ H H J U R X S V S U R Y L G H V D
G L I I H U H Q W D G Y D Q W D J H I R U W K H 0 1 ( $ F R P P R Q L V V X H I R U D O O R I W K H V H H P S O R \ H H
J U R X S V K R Z H Y H U L V W K H X Q G H U X W L O L ] D W L R Q R I D Q G O R Z H U S D \ I R U I H P D O H
H P S O R \ H H V $ G O X Q J $ G O X Q J I R X Q G W K D W L Q D Q X P E H U R I
( X U R S H D Q F R X Q W U L H V I H P D O H V U H F H L Y H G D S S U R [ L P D W H O \ O H V V V D O D U \ W K D Q
W K H L U P D O H F R X Q W H U S D U W V 7 K L V S R L Q W V X J J H V W V W K D W 0 1 ( V V K R X O G H P S K D V L ] H
K L U L Q J I H P D O H H P S O R \ H H V D Q G S D \ L Q J W K H P I D L U O \ $ G O X Q J V X J J H V W V W K D W
F R P S D Q L H V F R X O G X W L O L ] H D Q L Q W H J U D W H G W D O H Q W P D Q D J H P H Q W V \ V W H P V X F K D V
3 H R S O H 6 R I W 7 D O H Q W 6 R I W R U 6 X F F H V V ) D F W R U V W R O H Y H U D J H W K L V X Q W D S S H G W D O H Q W
S R R O D Q G U H G X F H W K H V D O D U \ J D S E H W Z H H Q P D O H D Q G I H P D O H H P S O R \ H H V
6 H O H F W L Q J * O R E D O 0 D Q D J H U V 0 D Q D J L Q J ( [ S D W U L D W H V
2 Q H R I W K H P R V W G L I I L F X O W E X W L P S R U W D Q W U H V S R Q V L E L O L W L H V R I W K H , + 5 0
I X Q F W L R Q L V W K H V H O H F W L R Q R I P D Q D J H U V I U R P W K H S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ I R U D V V L J Q P H Q W V
L Q K R V W F R X Q W U L H V 0 R V W R I W K H O L W H U D W X U H R Q W K L V W R S L F L V I R F X V H G R Q W K H
V H O H F W L R Q R I H [ S D W U L D W H V Z K H W K H U W K H \ D U H 3 & 1 V + & 1 V R U 7 & 1 V 7 K H U H D V R Q
H [ S D W U L D W H V F D Q E H I U R P D Q \ R I W K H V H W K U H H F D W H J R U L H V L V W K D W D W W K H P D Q D J H U L D O
O H Y H O L Q D Q 0 1 ( W K H V H L Q G L Y L G X D O V Z L O O P R Y H I U R P F R X Q W U \ W R F R X Q W U \ 7 K X V
W K H W H U P H [ S D W U L D W H Z L O O E H X V H G W R G H V L J Q D W H J O R E D O P D Q D J H U V U H J D U G O H V V R I
W K H K R P H F R X Q W U \ 7 R X Q G H U V W D Q G W K H G L I I L F X O W \ L Q V H O H F W L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V Z H
Z L O O G L V F X V V L Q W K L V V H F W L R Q W K H F X O W X U D O H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W R I F R X Q W U L H V
H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H D Q G L W V F D X V H V D Q G V H O H F W L R Q F U L W H U L D D Q G S U R F H G X U H V I R U
H [ S D W U L D W H V
7 K H & X O W X U D O ( Q Y L U R Q P H Q W R I & R X Q W U L H V
2 Q H R I W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W D V S H F W V R I D Q H [ S D W U L D W H V M R E W K D W Z L O O V L J Q L I L F D Q W O \
D I I H F W S H U I R U P D Q F H L V K L V R U K H U L Q W H U D F W L R Q Z L W K W K H O R F D O J R Y H U Q P H Q W D Q G
S H R S O H R I D F R X Q W U \ % H F D X V H R I W K L V L Q W H U D F W L R Q P R V W H [ S D W U L D W H V Z L O O
H [ S H U L H Q F H F X O W X U H V K R F N D V W K H \ P R Y H I U R P F R X Q W U \ W R F R X Q W U \ Z L W K L Q D Q
0 1 ( & X O W X U H V K R F N F D Q E H P L O G I R U H [ D P S O H I R U D * H U P D Q P D Q D J H U Z K R U H O R F D W H V W R D V X E V L G L D U \ S O D Q W L Q ) U D Q F H R U T X L W H V H Y H U H I R U H [ D P S O H I R U D Q
$ X V W U D O L D Q P D Q D J H U Z K R P R Y H V W R D V X E V L G L D U \ L Q ( J \ S W 7 K X V R Q H R I W K H
P R V W L P S R U W D Q W W D V N V R I W K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W L V W R J D W K H U L Q I R U P D W L R Q D E R X W
W K H F X O W X U H R I F R X Q W U L H V Z K H U H W K H 0 1 ( G R H V E X V L Q H V V W R W U \ W R H V W L P D W H W K H
F X O W X U D O G L I I H U H Q F H V E H W Z H H Q W K H K R P H F R X Q W U L H V R I H P S O R \ H H V D Q G W K H
F R X Q W U L H V Z K H U H W K H \ P D \ E H D V V L J Q H G $ Q + 5 , 6 F D Q E H Y H U \ X V H I X O L Q W K D W L W
F D Q V H U Y H D V D U H S R V L W R U \ R I W K L V L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G W K X V F X O W X U D O S U R I L O H V R I
F R X Q W U L H V F D Q E H T X L F N O \ J H Q H U D W H G
) X U W K H U H P S K D V L ] L Q J W K H L P S R U W D Q F H R I D F R X Q W U \ V F X O W X U H % U L V F R H D Q G
6 F K X O H U V W D W H
. Q R Z O H G J H D E R X W D Q G F R P S H W H Q F \ L Q Z R U N L Q J Z L W K F R X Q W U \ D Q G
F R P S D Q \ F X O W X U H V L V W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W L V V X H L P S D F W L Q J W K H V X F F H V V R I
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V D F W L Y L W \ $ Q G S R V V L E O \ W K H D U H D R I E X V L Q H V V W K D W L V
P R V W L P S D F W H G E \ F X O W X U D O G L I I H U H Q F H V L V W K H K X P D Q U H V R X U F H I X Q F W L R Q
S
& X O W X U H D V G H I L Q H G E \ + R I V W H G H L V W K H F R O O H F W L Y H S U R J U D P P L Q J R I
W K H P L Q G Z K L F K G L V W L Q J X L V K H V W K H P H P E H U V R I R Q H J U R X S R U F D W H J R U \ R I
S H R S O H I U R P D Q R W K H U S + R I V W H G H V U H V H D U F K Z D V W K H I L U V W V \ V W H P D W L F
V W X G \ R I W K H G L P H Q V L R Q V R I Q D W L R Q D O F X O W X U H D Q G K H L G H Q W L I L H G I L Y H G L P H Q V L R Q V
R Q Z K L F K W K H F X O W X U H V R I F R X Q W U L H V G L I I H U , Q D G G L W L R Q W R + R I V W H G H V Z R U N
R W K H U V W X G L H V K D Y H H [ D P L Q H G G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q Q D W L R Q D O F X O W X U H * / 2 % (
5 H V H D U F K 7 H D P 7 U R P S H Q D D U V 7 U R P S H Q D D U V O L N H
+ R I V W H G H I R X Q G I L Y H G L V W L Q F W F X O W X U D O I D F W R U V W K D W G L I I H U H Q W L D W H G F R X Q W U \
F X O W X U H V Z K L O H W K H * O R E D O / H D G H U V K L S D Q G 2 U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O % H K D Y L R U
( I I H F W L Y H Q H V V * / 2 % ( U H V H D U F K S U R M H F W F D W H J R U L ] H G F R X Q W U L H V R Q Q L Q H
F X O W X U D O G L P H Q V L R Q V 5 H J D U G O H V V R I Z K L F K V W X G \ Z H H [ D P L Q H D O O R I W K H
D X W K R U V F L W H G L Q W K L V F K D S W H U D J U H H W K D W W K H F X O W X U D O H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W R I D F R X Q W U \
K D V D V W U R Q J H I I H F W R Q W K H P D Q D J H P H Q W R I H P S O R \ H H V D Q G V K R X O G E H
F R Q V L G H U H G Z K H Q V H O H F W L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V R U L P S O H P H Q W L Q J S H R S O H P D Q D J H P H Q W
S U D F W L F H V
7 R G H I L Q H W K H F X O W X U H R I D F R X Q W U \ 6 Q H O O H W D O O L V W W K H I R O O R Z L Q J
H O H P H Q W V W K D W Z L O O G L I I H U H Q W L D W H F R X Q W U L H V L Q W H U P V R I W K H L U F X O W X U D O H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W I R U L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O E X V L Q H V V H G X F D W L R Q K X P D Q F D S L W D O
Y D O X H V L G H R O R J L H V V R F L D O V W U X F W X U H U H O L J L R X V E H O L H I V D Q G
F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q , Q I R U P D W L R Q J D W K H U H G L Q W K H V H I L Y H F D W H J R U L H V F R X O G E H X V H G
W R F U H D W H S U R I L O H V R I W K H F X O W X U D O H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W R I F R X Q W U L H V L Q Z K L F K W K H 0 1 (
G R H V E X V L Q H V V , W L V P R V W L P S R U W D Q W W R H P S K D V L ] H W K D W W K L V L Q I R U P D W L R Q F R X O G
E H V W R U H G H O H F W U R Q L F D O O \ L Q W K H + 5 , 6 D Q G P D L Q W D L Q H G E \ W K H , + 5 0
G H S D U W P H Q W 0 D M R U + 5 , 6 V X L W H V V X F K D V 2 U D F O H V D Q G 6 $ 3 V K D Y H W K L V
F D S D E L O L W \ R U L W F D Q E H F X V W R P L ] H G E \ W K H 0 1 (
$ I L Q D O Q R W H R Q F R X Q W U \ F X O W X U H , W Z L O O K D Y H D Q H I I H F W R Q D O O W K H D F W L Y L W L H V D Q G
S U R J U D P V R I W K H , + 5 0 I X Q F W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J V H O H F W L R Q W U D L Q L Q J F R P S H Q V D W L R Q
D Q G S H U I R U P D Q F H P D Q D J H P H Q W
( [ S D W U L D W H ) D L O X U H D Q G & D X V H V
( [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H L V G H I L Q H G D V W K H U H W X U Q R I D Q H [ S D W U L D W H W R W K H K R P H
F R X Q W U \ E H I R U H W K H S H U L R G R I W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W K D V E H H Q F R P S O H W H G 7 K X V
H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H U H S U H V H Q W V D Q H U U R U L Q D V H O H F W L R Q R U I R O O R Z X S G H F L V L R Q
7 K H U H L V V X F K D Q H P S K D V L V R Q H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H E H F D X V H R I L W V F R V W V W R W K H
0 1 ( 7 K H V H F R V W V D U H E R W K G L U H F W D Q G L Q G L U H F W ' L U H F W F R V W V L Q F O X G H W K H D F W X D O
P R Q H \ V S H Q W R Q V H O H F W L Q J D Q G W U D L Q L Q J U H O R F D W L R Q F R V W V I R U W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G
I D P L O \ D Q G V D O D U \ 7 K H V H F R V W V F D Q E H T X L W H V X E V W D Q W L D O + R Z H Y H U L Q G L U H F W
F R V W V F D Q I U H T X H Q W O \ E H K L J K H U W K D Q G L U H F W F R V W V , Q G L U H F W F R V W V D U H K D U G H U W R
T X D Q W L I \ E X W W K H \ F R X O G L Q F O X G H O R V V R I P D U N H W V K D U H L Q W K H F R X Q W U \ Q H J D W L Y H
U H D F W L R Q V I U R P W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ V J R Y H U Q P H Q W D Q G S R V V L E O H Q H J D W L Y H H I I H F W V
R Q O R F D O H P S O R \ H H P R U D O H ) R U H [ D P S O H H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H F R X O G O H D G D O R F D O
K R V W J R Y H U Q P H Q W W R L Q V L V W W K D W L Q W K H I X W X U H R Q O \ D Q + & 1 I L O O W K H S R V L W L R Q
) L Q D O O \ W K H U H Z L O O E H W K H L Q G L U H F W F R V W V H [ S H U L H Q F H G E \ W K H U H W X U Q L Q J
H [ S D W U L D W H L Q W H U P V R I S H U V R Q D O I D L O X U H O R V V R I U H V S H F W E \ S H H U V D Q G S R V V L E O \
Q H J D W L Y H L Q I O X H Q F H V R Q I X W X U H S U R P R W L R Q V
: K D W D U H W K H F D X V H V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H " $ O W K R X J K W K H U H K D V E H H Q
F R Q V L G H U D E O H U H V H D U F K R Q W K L V W R S L F W K H D Q V Z H U L V Q R W F R P S O H W H O \ F O H D U , W L V
V D I H W R V D \ W K D W R Q H F D Q Q R W J H Q H U D O L ] H I U R P W K H U H V H D U F K U H V X O W V W R H Y H U \
H [ S D W U L D W H V L W X D W L R Q K R Z H Y H U W K H U H V X O W V G R S U R Y L G H D J X L G H W R W K H
L Q I R U P D W L R Q W K D W V K R X O G E H F R O O H F W H G G X U L Q J W K H V H O H F W L R Q R I H [ S D W U L D W H V , Q
J H Q H U D O R Q H F R X O G V W D W H W K D W W K H P D M R U I D F W R U D I I H F W L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H L V W K H L Q D E L O L W \ W R D G M X V W W R W K H Q H Z V L W X D W L R Q D Q G F X O W X U H E \ W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G K H U
R U K L V I D P L O \
, Q W H U P V R I V S H F L I L F U H D V R Q V I R U H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H ' R Z O L Q J H W D O F L W H
W K H J O R E D O V X U Y H \ V R I W K H 2 U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O 5 H V H D U F K & R X Q V H O R U V 2 5 &
D Q G W K H * 0 $ & * O R E D O 5 H O R F D W L R Q 6 H U Y L F H V D Q G : L Q G K D P , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O
7 K H S U R E O H P V U H S R U W H G E \ H [ S D W U L D W H V D Q G F R P S D Q L H V L Q W K H V H V X U Y H \ V
Z H U H
V S R X V H S D U W Q H U G L V V D W L V I D F W L R Q
L Q D E L O L W \ W R D G D S W
G L I I L F X O W L H V Z L W K I D P L O \ D G M X V W P H Q W L Q W K H Q H Z O R F D W L R Q
G L I I L F X O W L H V D V V R F L D W H G Z L W K G L I I H U H Q W P D Q D J H P H Q W V W \ O H V
F X O W X U H D Q G O D Q J X D J H G L I I L F X O W L H V D Q G
L V V X H V D V V R F L D W H G Z L W K W K H D F F R P S D Q \ L Q J S D U W Q H U V F D U H H U G H Y H O R S P H Q W
6 L P L O D U O \ % U L V F R H D Q G 6 F K X O H U L Q G L F D W H W K D W D Q X P E H U R I V X U Y H \ V D Q G
V W X G L H V K D Y H I R X Q G W K D W W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W I D F W R U V L Q W K H H D U O \ U H W X U Q R I
H [ S D W U L D W H V O L H L Q W K H L Q D E L O L W \ R I W K H L U I D P L O L H V D Q G R U W K H P V H O Y H V W R
D G M X V W W R W K H I R U H L J Q H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W S 7 K H F O H D U L P S O L F D W L R Q R I W K H V H
I L Q G L Q J V L V W K D W W K H H [ S D W U L D W H V I D P L O \ R U S D U W Q H U P X V W E H F R Q V L G H U H G L Q W K H
V H O H F W L R Q G H F L V L R Q S U R F H V V
6 H O H F W L R Q & U L W H U L D D Q G 3 U R F H G X U H V I R U ( [ S D W U L D W H V
, Q V H O H F W L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V , + 5 0 S U R I H V V L R Q D O V V K R X O G U H P H P E H U W K D W W K H
V H O H F W L R Q S U R F H V V L V D Q H [ F K D Q J H E H W Z H H Q W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D Q G W K H H P S O R \ H H
) X U W K H U P R U H W K H S U R V S H F W L Y H H [ S D W U L D W H V I D P L O \ P X V W E H L Q Y R O Y H G L Q W K H
H [ F K D Q J H , Q W H U P V R I W K H X W L O L W \ R I V H O H F W L R Q W K D W L V L W V F R V W H I I H F W L Y H Q H V V
F R Y H U H G L Q & K D S W H U P D N L Q J D P L V W D N H L V H [ W U H P H O \ F R V W O \ , + 5 0
S U R I H V V L R Q D O V P X V W E H F R J Q L ] D Q W R I W K H F D X V H V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H Z K H Q
G H Y H O R S L Q J W K H V H O H F W L R Q S U R F H G X U H V I R U H [ D P S O H W H V W V R U L Q W H U Y L H Z V D Q G
D O V R K D Y H D Q X Q G H U V W D Q G L Q J R I W K H F U R V V F X O W X U D O L V V X H V L Q W K H H Y D O X D W L R Q D Q G
U H F R P P H Q G D W L R Q R I H P S O R \ H H V I R U D Q H [ S D W U L D W H D V V L J Q P H Q W
7 K H I D F W R U V L Q Y R O Y H G L Q W K H V H O H F W L R Q R I H [ S D W U L D W H V F D Q E H G L Y L G H G L Q W R W Z R
J H Q H U D O F D W H J R U L H V L Q G L Y L G X D O D Q G V L W X D W L R Q D O ' R Z O L Q J H W D O , Q W K H L Q G L Y L G X D O F D W H J R U \ D U H W H F K Q L F D O D E L O L W \ F U R V V F X O W X U D O V X L W D E L O L W \ D Q G
I D P L O \ U H T X L U H P H Q W V 7 H F K Q L F D O D E L O L W \ L V T X L W H F O H D U D Q G Z R X O G L Q F O X G H E R W K
P D Q D J H U L D O D Q G W H F K Q L F D O V N L O O V 7 K H S H U V R Q V H O H F W H G P X V W E H W H F K Q L F D O O \
S U R I L F L H Q W L Q K L V R U K H U I L H O G H J H O H F W U L F D O H Q J L Q H H U L Q J D Q G D O V R P X V W K D Y H D
J R R G S H U I R U P D Q F H U H F R U G D V D P D Q D J H U 7 H F K Q L F D O D E L O L W \ L V Y H U \ L P S R U W D Q W W R
W K H V H O H F W L R Q S U R F H V V D V L Q G L F D W H G E \ W K H U H V X O W V R I W K H 2 5 &
Z R U O G Z L G H V X U Y H \ L Q W K D W R I U H V S R Q G L Q J I L U P V X V H G L W D V W K H I L U V W
V F U H H Q L Q J F U L W H U L R Q L Q W K H L U V H O H F W L R Q S U R F H G X U H , Q V H O H F W L R Q W H U P V W H F K Q L F D O
D E L O L W \ Z R X O G E H W K H D E V R O X W H P L Q L P X P U H T X L U H P H Q W I R U W K H I L U V W V F U H H Q L Q J R I
S U R V S H F W L Y H H P S O R \ H H V I R U W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W 1 R W H W K D W W H F K Q L F D O L Q F R P S H W H Q F H
R U S R R U S H U I R U P D Q F H L V Q R W P H Q W L R Q H G D V D F D X V H R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H
K R Z H Y H U M R E U H O D W H G I D F W R U V F R X O G S R V V L E O \ F D X V H S U H P D W X U H G H S D U W X U H I R U
H [ D P S O H W K H Q D W X U H R I W K H M R E Q R W E H L Q J D V G H V F U L E H G R U W K H H [ S D W U L D W H E H L Q J
X Q D E O H W R W U D Q V I H U W H F K Q L F D O R U P D Q D J H U L D O V N L O O V W R W K H Q H Z D V V L J Q P H Q W
7 K H V H F R Q G L Q G L Y L G X D O I D F W R U F U R V V F X O W X U D O V X L W D E L O L W \ K D V V H Y H U D O D V S H F W V , W
F R X O G L Q F O X G H O D Q J X D J H D E L O L W \ F X O W X U D O H P S D W K \ D G D S W D E L O L W \ D Q G D S R V L W L Y H
D W W L W X G H W R Z D U G W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W L Q W K H V S H F L I L F F R X Q W U \ E H L Q J F R Q V L G H U H G
$ O W K R X J K W H F K Q L F D O D E L O L W \ L V Y H U \ L P S R U W D Q W I R U V X F F H V V L Q W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W
F U R V V F X O W X U D O V X L W D E L O L W \ L V H T X D O O \ L P S R U W D Q W V L Q F H D Q X P E H U R I W K H F D X V H V R I
H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H D U H G L U H F W O \ U H O D W H G W R W K L V I D F W R U
7 K H W K L U G L Q G L Y L G X D O I D F W R U I D P L O \ U H T X L U H P H Q W V K D V D J U H D W G H D O W R G R Z L W K
W K H V X F F H V V R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H V D V V L J Q P H Q W , Q D O O W K H U H V H D U F K D Q G V X U Y H \ V R Q
F D X V H V I R U H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H W K H S R R U D G M X V W P H Q W R I W K H D F F R P S D Q \ L Q J V S R X V H
R U S D U W Q H U D Q G F K L O G U H Q K D V E H H Q Z H O O G R F X P H Q W H G D V R Q H R I W K H P D M R U F D X V H V
R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H $ O W K R X J K L W L V D S S U R S U L D W H W R X V H V W D Q G D U G W H V W L Q J D Q G
L Q W H U Y L H Z W H F K Q L T X H V W R D V V H V V W K H W H F K Q L F D O D E L O L W \ D Q G F U R V V F X O W X U D O
V X L W D E L O L W \ R I S R W H Q W L D O H [ S D W U L D W H V H Y D O X D W L R Q R I W K H V H I D F W R U V P H D Q V W K H
L Q Y R O Y H P H Q W R I W K H I D P L O \ , Q W H U Y L H Z L Q J W K H F D Q G L G D W H V V S R X V H R U S D U W Q H U D Q G
F K L O G U H Q U H J D U G L Q J W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W L V I U H T X H Q W O \ G R Q H , Q D G G L W L R Q P R V W
0 1 ( V K D Y H O H D U Q H G W R E X L O G L Q D S U H D V V L J Q P H Q W Y L V L W I R U W K H H [ S D W U L D W H
F D Q G L G D W H D Q G K L V R U K H U I D P L O \ D V S D U W R I W K H V H O H F W L R Q S U R F H V V 7 K L V
L Q Y R O Y H P H Q W R I W K H H Q W L U H I D P L O \ L Q W K H V H O H F W L R Q S U R F H V V K D V E H F R P H D
F R P P R Q S U D F W L F H I R U 0 1 ( V , Q I D F W L I W K H U H D U H W Z R S R V V L E O H O R F D W L R Q V I R U W K H
D V V L J Q P H Q W F R P S D Q L H V P D \ H Q F R X U D J H D S U H D V V L J Q P H Q W Y L V L W W R E R W K
F R X Q W U L H V : L W K U H J D U G W R W K H J H Q H U D O I D F W R U V W K D W D I I H F W W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W V L W X D W L R Q
' R Z O L Q J H W D O O L V W F R X Q W U \ D Q G F X O W X U D O U H T X L U H P H Q W V O D Q J X D J H D Q G
0 1 ( U H T X L U H P H Q W V & R X Q W U \ D Q G F X O W X U D O U H T X L U H P H Q W V F R X O G L Q F O X G H Z R U N
S H U P L W V D Q G Y L V D V * H Q H U D O O \ W K H Z R U N S H U P L W L V J L Y H Q W R W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G
W K H D F F R P S D Q \ L Q J V S R X V H R U S D U W Q H U P D \ Q R W E H S H U P L W W H G W R Z R U N $ V I R U W K H
F K L O G U H Q W K H U H P D \ Q R W E H V F K R R O V W K D W Z R X O G E H D F F H S W D E O H S D U W L F X O D U O \ L I
W K H F K L O G U H Q G R Q R W V S H D N W K H O D Q J X D J H R I W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ , Q V R P H H [ S D W U L D W H
D V V L J Q P H Q W V H L W K H U W K H F K L O G U H Q U H F H L Y H O D Q J X D J H W U D L Q L Q J R U W K H U H L V D V F K R R O
L Q Z K L F K W K H L U Q D W L Y H O D Q J X D J H L V V S R N H Q 7 K H R S S R U W X Q L W \ I R U W K H V S R X V H R U
S D U W Q H U D Q G W K H F K L O G U H Q W R O H D U Q D Q R W K H U O D Q J X D J H L V V R P H W L P H V V H H Q D V D
E H Q H I L W R I W K H L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O D V V L J Q P H Q W 2 I F R X U V H W K L V U H O D W H V W R W K H V H F R Q G
I D F W R U R I O D Q J X D J H ' L I I L F X O W L H V L Q O D Q J X D J H D U H D P D M R U E D U U L H U W R F U R V V
F X O W X U D O F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q W K X V W K L V L V D Y H U \ L P S R U W D Q W I D F W R U I R U W K H H [ S D W U L D W H
D Q G W K H I D P L O \ ) R U W X Q D W H O \ P D Q \ F R P S D Q L H V R I I H U O D Q J X D J H W U D L Q L Q J W R W K H
H Q W L U H I D P L O \ S U L R U W R G H S D U W X U H I R U W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W , Q D G G L W L R Q W K H L Q F U H D V L Q J
D Y D L O D E L O L W \ R I W H F K Q R O R J L F D O O \ P H G L D W H G O D Q J X D J H W U D L Q L Q J L Q F O X G L Q J
V P D U W S K R Q H D S S V : H E E D V H G F R X U V H V H W F D V Z H O O D V W U D Q V O D W L R Q V H U Y L F H V
P D \ U H G X F H W K H P D J Q L W X G H R I O D Q J X D J H G L I I L F X O W L H V 7 K H I L Q D O I D F W R U 0 1 (
U H T X L U H P H Q W V F R X O G L Q Y R O Y H J H W W L Q J S H U P L V V L R Q I U R P W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ I R U W K H
V H O H F W L R Q R I D Q \ H [ S D W U L D W H 7 K L V L V F R P P R Q L Q M R L Q W L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O Y H Q W X U H V
2 W K H U I D F W R U V F R X O G E H W K H G X U D W L R Q D Q G W \ S H R I D V V L J Q P H Q W : K H Q W K H
G X U D W L R Q R I W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W L V I R U R Q O \ W Z R W R W K U H H P R Q W K V R U W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W
L V L Q D K L J K U L V N F R X Q W U \ W K H I D P L O \ P H P E H U V X V X D O O \ Z R X O G Q R W D F F R P S D Q \
W K H H [ S D W U L D W H
6 H O H F W L R Q R I H [ S D W U L D W H V L V D F U L W L F D O I X Q F W L R Q R I , + 5 0 S D U W L F X O D U O \ L Q 0 1 ( V
Z K H U H H [ S D W U L D W H D V V L J Q P H Q W V D U H X V H G W R J U R R P P D Q D J H U V I R U K L J K H U O H Y H O V
R I P D Q D J H P H Q W 0 D Q \ R I W K H I D F W R U V W R F R Q V L G H U L Q V H O H F W L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V D Q G
W K H I D F W R U V F D X V L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H D U H K D Q G O H G E \ W U D L Q L Q J + R Z H Y H U W K H
V R I W Z D U H D S S O L F D W L R Q V D Y D L O D E O H F D Q J U H D W O \ U H G X F H W K H W L P H U H T X L U H G W R P D N H
W K L V S U R F H V V Z R U N 7 K H Q H [ W V H F W L R Q I R F X V H V R Q W U D L Q L Q J L Q W K H 0 1 ( S U L P D U L O \
W K H W U D L Q L Q J R I H [ S D W U L D W H V
7 U D L Q L Q J D Q G ' H Y H O R S P H Q W R I ( [ S D W U L D W H V
$ V Z D V G R Q H L Q W K H S U H Y L R X V V H F W L R Q D O O P D Q D J H U V L Q D Q 0 1 ( Z L O O E H
F R Q V L G H U H G D V H [ S D W U L D W H V V L Q F H W K H L U F D U H H U D V V L J Q P H Q W V D Q G G H Y H O R S P H Q W W \ S L F D O O \ P H D Q W K D W W K H \ Z L O O P R Y H I U R P F R X Q W U \ W R F R X Q W U \ 7 U D L Q L Q J D Q G
G H Y H O R S P H Q W D F W L Y L W L H V D Q G S U R J U D P V L Q 0 1 ( V D O V R L Q F O X G H Q R Q P D Q D J H U L D O
H P S O R \ H H V R I D O O W \ S H V 3 & 1 V + & 1 V D Q G 7 & 1 V % H F D X V H W U D G L W L R Q D O
W U D L Q L Q J D Q G G H Y H O R S P H Q W Z H U H F R Y H U H G L Q G H W D L O L Q & K D S W H U P R V W N L Q G V R I
W \ S L F D O R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O W U D L Q L Q J H J R U L H Q W D W L R Q R U W H F K Q L F D O W U D L Q L Q J Z L O O Q R W
E H G L V F X V V H G + R Z H Y H U W K H X V H R I D Q + 5 , 6 D Q G L W V D S S O L F D W L R Q V Z L O O V W L O O E H
G L V F X V V H G , Q I D F W W K H W U D L Q L Q J D S S O L F D W L R Q V W K D W D U H L Q W H J U D W H G L Q W R W K H + 5 , 6
D U H L Q F U H D V L Q J O \ X V H I X O I R U W U D L Q L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V 1 R W R Q O \ Z L O O W K H H [ S D W U L D W H V
S H U V R Q D O Z R U N H [ S H U L H Q F H D Q G V N L O O V L Q I R U P D W L R Q V W R U H G R Q W K H + 5 , 6 E H
H D V L O \ D F F H V V L E O H E X W D O V R W K H U H V X O W V R I W K H W U D L Q L Q J L Q W H U P V R I H [ S D W U L D W H
V X F F H V V R U I D L O X U H F D Q E H U H F R U G H G 7 K L V L Q I R U P D W L R Q V K R X O G E H X V H I X O I R U
I X W X U H H [ S D W U L D W H V H O H F W L R Q
7 K H F R U S R U D W H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W K D V U H V S R Q V L E L O L W \ I R U D O O W U D L Q L Q J K R Z H Y H U
W K L V U H V S R Q V L E L O L W \ L V X V X D O O \ G H F H Q W U D O L ] H G E \ G H O H J D W L Q J L W W R W K H 0 1 ( V
V X E V L G L D U L H V 7 K H U H P D \ E H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P V G H Y H O R S H G D W W K H K H D G T X D U W H U V
R I W K H 0 1 ( E X W L W L V X Q X V X D O I R U W K H V H , + 5 0 S U R I H V V L R Q D O V D W K H D G T X D U W H U V W R
G H O L Y H U S U R J U D P V W R W K H V X E V L G L D U L H V Z K H Q L W F D Q E H G R Q H P R U H H F R Q R P L F D O O \
E \ W K H O R F D O , + 5 0 S U R I H V V L R Q D O V 0 R V W R I W K L V O R F D O W U D L Q L Q J I R U
Q R Q P D Q D J H U L D O H P S O R \ H H V Z L O O Y D U \ E \ G L I I H U H Q W J H R J U D S K L F O R F D W L R Q V R I W K H
0 1 ( 7 K H U H I R U H V R P H F U R V V F X O W X U D O W U D L Q L Q J I R U Q R Q P D Q D J H U L D O H P S O R \ H H V
Z K R D U H Q R W + & 1 V Z L O O E H Q H F H V V D U \ I R U H [ D P S O H O D Q J X D J H W U D L Q L Q J
7 K L V V H F W L R Q Z L O O F R Y H U H [ S D W U L D W H W U D L Q L Q J L Q G H W D L O D Q G Z L O O E H G L Y L G H G L Q W R
W K H I R O O R Z L Q J V X E V H F W L R Q V W K H S X U S R V H R I H [ S D W U L D W H W U D L Q L Q J
S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J D Q G W K H U H S D W U L D W L R Q R I H [ S D W U L D W H V D Q G W U D Q V I H U R I
W U D L Q L Q J
3 X U S R V H R I ( [ S D W U L D W H 7 U D L Q L Q J
7 K H G X D O S X U S R V H R I D Q \ W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P L V W R L Q I R U P D Q G P R W L Y D W H
H P S O R \ H H V ( Y H Q W U D L Q L Q J W K D W L V I R F X V H G R Q O H D U Q L Q J D P D Q X D O V N L O O I R U
H [ D P S O H N H \ E R D U G L Q J K D V E R W K N Q R Z O H G J H D Q G P R W L Y D W L R Q D O D V S H F W V
& O H D U O \ W K H H P S O R \ H H L V O H D U Q L Q J D Q H Z V N L O O E X W Z L W K W K H S U R S H U W U D L Q L Q J
P H W K R G W K H H P S O R \ H H F D Q E H H Q F R X U D J H G W R E H P R U H S U R G X F W L Y H D Q G Z L W K W K H
L P S U R Y H G V N L O O W K H H P S O R \ H H P D \ E H K D S S L H U L Q W K H M R E , Q D G G L W L R Q W R W K H V H
W Z R S X U S R V H V R I W U D L Q L Q J W K H I L U V W V S H F L I L F S X U S R V H R I H [ S D W U L D W H W U D L Q L Q J L V W R V X S S O H P H Q W W K H V H O H F W L R Q S U R F H V V D Q G D V V L V W W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G K H U R U K L V
I D P L O \ L Q D G M X V W L Q J W R W K H Q H Z V L W X D W L R Q , W P X V W E H H P S K D V L ] H G W K D W V H O H F W L R Q
R I H [ S D W U L D W H V L V Q H Y H U S H U I H F W : K \ H O V H Z R X O G W K H U H E H H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H "
7 K X V W K H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P F R Q W H Q W I R U H [ S D W U L D W H V L V E D V H G R Q E R W K W K H
V H O H F W L R Q F U L W H U L D L G H Q W L I L H G D E R Y H D Q G W K H F D X V H V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H
7 K H V H F R Q G V S H F L I L F S X U S R V H R I H [ S D W U L D W H W U D L Q L Q J L V H F R Q R P L F 5 H F D O O W K D W
W K H H [ S D W U L D W H E U L Q J V E R W K W H F K Q L F D O D Q G P D Q D J H U L D O H [ S H U W L V H W R W K H V X E V L G L D U \
Z K H Q W K H U H D U H Q R + & 1 V U H D G \ W R I L O O W K H S R V L W L R Q V , Q D G G L W L R Q W K H H [ S D W U L D W H
D V V L J Q P H Q W L V X V H G E \ 0 1 ( V D V D F D U H H U G H Y H O R S P H Q W S U R F H V V I R U P D Q D J H U V
7 K X V W K H 0 1 ( K D V V L J Q L I L F D Q W H F R Q R P L F U H D V R Q V I R U X V L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V : K H Q
R Q H F D O F X O D W H V W K H S R W H Q W L D O G L U H F W D Q G L Q G L U H F W F R V W V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H
W K H D P R X Q W R I W K H L Q Y H V W P H Q W L Q F U H D V H V 7 K H 0 1 ( P D N H V D P D M R U L Q Y H V W P H Q W
L Q V H O H F W L Q J H P S O R \ H H V I R U S O D F H P H Q W L Q L W V V X E V L G L D U L H V D Q G W U D L Q L Q J
S U R J U D P V D U H D Q R W K H U , + 5 0 H O H P H Q W X V H G W R S U R W H F W W K D W L Q Y H V W P H Q W
3 U H G H S D U W X U H 7 U D L Q L Q J
, W V K R X O G E H Q R W H G W K D W S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P V G R Q R W I R F X V R Q W K H
W H F K Q L F D O D E L O L W \ R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H X Q O H V V W K H U H D U H Q H Z W H F K Q L F D O R U
P D Q D J H U L D O V N L O O V Q H F H V V D U \ I R U W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W I R U H [ D P S O H W K H L Q W U R G X F W L R Q
R I Q H Z W H F K Q R O R J \ % H F D X V H R Q H R I W K H P D M R U F D X V H V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H L V
W K H G L V V D W L V I D F W L R Q R I R U W K H O D F N R I D G M X V W P H Q W E \ W K H H P S O R \ H H V V S R X V H
S D U W Q H U R U I D P L O \ W K H L Q F O X V L R Q R I W K H V H S H R S O H L Q S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J L V
Y H U \ L P S R U W D Q W 7 R D V V L V W W K H D G M X V W P H Q W R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G K L V R U K H U
I D P L O \ W R D Q H Z F X O W X U H S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J W \ S L F D O O \ L Q F O X G H V W U D L Q L Q J L Q
F X O W X U D O D Z D U H Q H V V O D Q J X D J H D Q G S U D F W L F D O P D W W H U V U H J D U G L Q J G D L O \ O L Y L Q J L Q
W K H Q H Z F X O W X U H 0 R V W 0 1 ( V Z L O O D O V R L Q F O X G H S U H O L P L Q D U \ Y L V L W V D V D S D U W R I
S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J
$ Q R W K H U H O H P H Q W L Q S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J W K D W L V K L J K O \ U H F R P P H Q G H G L V
U H S D W U L D W L R Q W U D L Q L Q J ) R U P D O U H S D W U L D W L R Q L V W K H S U R F H V V W K D W R F F X U V D V W K H
H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G I D P L O \ U H W X U Q W R W K H L U K R P H O D Q G + R Z H Y H U U H F H Q W U H V H D U F K D Q G
O L W H U D W X U H K D V L Q G L F D W H G W K D W W K H U H S D W U L D W L R Q S U R F H V V V K R X O G E H J L Q E H I R U H W K H
S H U V R Q O H D Y H V W K H K R P H F R X Q W U \ 7 K H H [ S D W U L D W H P D \ I L Q G R Q U H W X U Q W K D W W K H
V L W X D W L R Q W K D W Z D V H [ S H F W H G L Q W K H K R P H F R X Q W U \ H J D S U R P R W L R Q W R D Q H Z
S R V L W L R Q L V Q R W D Y D L O D E O H D Q G W K X V W K H H [ S D W U L D W H Z L O O V H H N R W K H U H P S O R \ P H Q W 7 K L V S U R E O H P R I O R V L Q J H [ S D W U L D W H V G X U L Q J W K H U H S D W U L D W L R Q
S U R F H V V K D V E H H Q Z H O O G R F X P H Q W H G L Q W K H O L W H U D W X U H % O D F N ) H O G P D Q
7 R P S V R Q 3 R H 6 R O R P R Q 7 K H U H L V F R Q V L G H U D E O H
G L V F X V V L R Q L Q W K H U H F H Q W O L W H U D W X U H R Q W K H G H V L J Q D Q G L P S O H P H Q W D W L R Q R I
U H S D W U L D W L R Q S U R J U D P V W K D W V X J J H V W V W K D W F R P S D Q L H V Q H H G W R E H J L Q U H S D W U L D W L R Q
W U D L Q L Q J S U L R U W R W K H H [ S D W U L D W H O H D Y L Q J W K H K R P H F R X Q W U \ L Q S U H G H S D U W X U H
W U D L Q L Q J U D W K H U W K D Q Z D L W L Q J I R U W K H U H W X U Q R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H % U L V F R H
6 F K X O H U ' R Z O L Q J H W D O ( Y D Q V 3 X F L N % D U V R X [ D Q G
P R V W F R P S D Q L H V F R Q V L G H U U H S D W U L D W L R Q D V S D U W R I W K H F D U H H U G H Y H O R S P H Q W
S U R J U D P R I W K H 0 1 (
7 U D L Q L Q J L Q F X O W X U D O D Z D U H Q H V V O D Q J X D J H D Q G S U D F W L F D O P D W W H U V U H J D U G L Q J
G D L O \ O L Y L Q J L Q W K H Q H Z F X O W X U H F R Q V W L W X W H V W K H S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J W K D W W K H
H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G I D P L O \ Z L O O D W W H Q G , W L V L P S R U W D Q W W R U H F D O O W K D W H [ S D W U L D W H
V H O H F W L R Q L V D W Z R Z D \ V W U H H W 7 K H H [ S D W U L D W H V W L O O K D V W K H U L J K W W R G H F O L Q H W K H
D V V L J Q P H Q W 7 K X V W K H S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J E R W K L Q I R U P V D Q G D W W U D F W V Z K L F K
D U H W K H W Z R S X U S R V H V R I W U D L Q L Q J 7 K H U H D U H D O D U J H Q X P E H U R I W R S L F V W K D W F D Q
E H L Q F O X G H G L Q S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J 7 K H W R S L F V O L V W H G L Q 7 D E O H P D N H X S
W K H S R V V L E O H F R Q W H Q W I R U W K H S U H G H S D U W X U H S U R J U D P 1 R W H W K D W W K L V O L V W F R X O G
F K D Q J H G H S H Q G L Q J R Q W K H K R V W D Q G S D U H Q W F R X Q W U L H V L Q Y R O Y H G 1 R W H 7 K L V L V D Y H U \ J H Q H U D O O L V W Z K L F K Z L O O Y D U \ I U R P F R X Q W U \ W R F R X Q W U \
9 L G H R V : H E E D V H G D Q G H Y H Q D S S E D V H G W U D L Q L Q J P D \ E H P D G H D Y D L O D E O H W R
H [ S D W U L D W H V D Q G W K H L U I D P L O L H V
7 U D Q V I H U R I 7 U D L Q L Q J
7 K H L G H D W K D W W K H S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P F R X O G F K D Q J H D V D I X Q F W L R Q R I
W K H W Z R F R X Q W U L H V L Q Y R O Y H G K D V E H H Q U H F R J Q L ] H G E \ V F K R O D U V D Q G V H Y H U D O
P R G H O V K D Y H E H H Q S U R S R V H G W R S U R Y L G H J X L G H O L Q H V R Q S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P V 0 H Q G H Q K D O O ' X Q E D U 2 G G R X 7 X Q J 7 K H V H
U H V H D U F K H U V D U J X H W K D W S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J V K R X O G Q R W E H Y L H Z H G D V R Q H V L ] H
I L W V D O O E X W U D W K H U W K D W W K H W U D L Q L Q J G H V L J Q D Q G S U R J U D P V K R X O G E H F R Q W L Q J H Q W
R Q R W K H U I D F W R U V L Q W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D V V L J Q P H Q W $ F F R U G L Q J W R 7 X Q J
W K H W Z R I D F W R U V W K D W P R V W D I I H F W S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J G H V L J Q D U H W K H
G L V V L P L O D U L W \ E H W Z H H Q W K H H [ S D W U L D W H V Q D W L Y H F R X Q W U \ D Q G W K H K R V W F X O W X U H
O R Z W R K L J K D Q G W K H H [ S H F W H G D P R X Q W R I L Q W H U D F W L R Q E H W Z H H Q W K H
H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G P H P E H U V R I W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ O R Z W R K L J K % D V H G R Q D Q
D Q D O \ V L V R I W K H V H W Z R I D F W R U V % O D F N D Q G 0 H Q G H Q K D O O D U J X H W K D W W K H
G H V L J Q R I W K H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P F D Q W K H Q Y D U \ R Q W K U H H G L P H Q V L R Q V W K H
W U D L Q L Q J P H W K R G V X V H G W K H O H Y H O R I W U D L Q L Q J U L J R U D Q G W K H G X U D W L R Q R I
W K H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P ) R U H [ D P S O H L I E R W K W K H G L V V L P L O D U L W \ E H W Z H H Q W K H
H [ S D W U L D W H V Q D W L Y H F R X Q W U \ D Q G W K H K R V W F X O W X U H D Q G W K H H [ S H F W H G D P R X Q W R I
L Q W H U D F W L R Q E H W Z H H Q W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D Q G P H P E H U V R I W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ D U H T X L W H
K L J K W K H Q W K H S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J V K R X O G E H U L J R U R X V D Q G W K H O H Q J W K R I
W U D L Q L Q J V K R X O G E H R Q H W R W Z R P R Q W K V , Q W K L V V L W X D W L R Q W K H W U D L Q L Q J P H W K R G V
Z R X O G D W W H P S W W R L P P H U V H W K H H [ S D W U L D W H L Q W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ V F X O W X U H W K U R X J K
D V V H V V P H Q W F H Q W H U V V L P X O D W L R Q V V H Q V L W L Y L W \ W U D L Q L Q J D Q G H [ W H Q V L Y H O D Q J X D J H
W U D L Q L Q J $ V P H Q W L R Q H G H D U O L H U W K H X V H R I W K H + 5 , 6 W R W U D F N D Q G D Q D O \ ] H W K H
V X F F H V V R U I D L O X U H R I W K H V H W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P V Z L O O H Q D E O H W K H 0 1 ( W R P D N H
P R U H H I I H F W L Y H G H F L V L R Q V D E R X W H [ S D W U L D W H V D Q G W K H L U W U D L Q L Q J L Q W K H I X W X U H
3 H U I R U P D Q F H $ S S U D L V D O L Q 0 1 ( V
3 H U I R U P D Q F H D S S U D L V D O L V D Q L P S R U W D Q W S U R F H V V I R U G R F X P H Q W L Q J W K H
S H U I R U P D Q F H R I H P S O R \ H H V G H W H U P L Q L Q J D U H D V I R U G H Y H O R S P H Q W G H F L G L Q J R Q
S D \ L Q F U H D V H V D Q G S U R P R W L R Q D O R S S R U W X Q L W L H V D Q G J L Y L Q J H P S O R \ H H V W K H
R S S R U W X Q L W \ W R H [ S U H V V W K H L U Y L H Z V 9 R Q * O L Q R Z ' U R V W 7 H D J D U G H Q
7 K H W \ S H R I S H U I R U P D Q F H D S S U D L V D O F R Q G X F W H G D Q G L W V F R Q W H Q W G H S H Q G R Q W K H
V S H F L I L F M R E U H T X L U H P H Q W V D Q G S H U V R Q D O D W W U L E X W H V R I W K H S H U V R Q E H L Q J
D S S U D L V H G 6 F K X O H U % X G K Z D U ) O R U N R Z V N L 7 K L V L V S D U W L F X O D U O \ W U X H
Z K H Q Z H F R P S D U H W K H D S S U D L V D O R I H [ S D W U L D W H V Z L W K W K D W R I + & 1 D Q G 7 & 1
H P S O R \ H H V 7 K H V H F W L R Q L Q & K D S W H U R Q S H U I R U P D Q F H H Y D O X D W L R Q D Q G
S H U I R U P D Q F H S O D Q Q L Q J F R Y H U V D Q X P E H U R I + 5 , 6 D S S O L F D W L R Q V W K D W F R X O G E H
X V H G I R U S H U I R U P D Q F H D S S U D L V D O L Q D Q 0 1 ( 1 D W X U D O O \ W K H L Q F O X V L R Q R I S O D Q W V
Z L W K D G L Y H U V H H P S O R \ H H S R S X O D W L R Q L Q P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V F U H D W H V F R Q V L G H U D E O H
F R P S O H [ L W \ S D U W L F X O D U O \ Z K H Q W K H U H V X O W V R I W K H D S S U D L V D O V D U H E H L Q J X V H G W R P R Y H P D Q D J H U V I U R P F R X Q W U \ W R F R X Q W U \ + R Z H Y H U P R V W Y H Q G R U V R I + 5 , 6
S U R G X F W V K D Y H S D F N D J H G V R I W Z D U H D S S O L F D W L R Q V D Y D L O D E O H W K D W F D Q E H P R G L I L H G
I R U O R F D O F R Q G L W L R Q V L Q H D F K V S H F L I L F F R X Q W U \
, P S R U W D Q W F R Q V L G H U D W L R Q V L Q W K H D S S U D L V D O R I D Q H [ S D W U L D W H V S H U I R U P D Q F H D U H
Z K R V K R X O G F R Q G X F W W K H D S S U D L V D O D Q G Z K D W S H U I R U P D Q F H F U L W H U L D D U H V S H F L I L F
W R W K H H [ S D W U L D W H V V L W X D W L R Q 6 Q H O O H W D O 7 K H I L U V W T X H V W L R Q L V Z K R
V K R X O G F R P S O H W H W K H S H U I R U P D Q F H D S S U D L V D O 7 \ S L F D O O \ W K H S H U I R U P D Q F H R I
H P S O R \ H H V L V D S S U D L V H G E \ W K H L U V X S H U Y L V R U V ( [ S D W U L D W H P D Q D J H U V D U H
J H R J U D S K L F D O O \ G L V W D Q F H G I U R P W K H L U S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ V X S H U Y L V R U V D Q G D V D
U H V X O W V X S H U Y L V R U V Z K R D U H O R F D W H G L Q W K H S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ F D Q Q R W R E V H U Y H W K H
G D \ W R G D \ D F W L Y L W L H V R I W K H V H H P S O R \ H H V ' R Z O L Q J H W D O 7 K H U H I R U H
P D Q D J H U V R I H [ S D W U L D W H V W H Q G W R E D V H W K H L U H Y D O X D W L R Q V R I W K H S H U V R Q R Q W K H
R E M H F W L Y H F U L W H U L D X V H G I R U R W K H U H P S O R \ H H V L Q V L P L O D U S R V L W L R Q V O R F D W H G L Q W K H
S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ $ S R W H Q W L D O S U R E O H P Z L W K W K L V W \ S H R I D V V H V V P H Q W L V W K D W W K H
S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ P D Q D J H U G R H V Q R W K D Y H G L U H F W L Q I R U P D W L R Q R U R E V H U Y D W L R Q D O
G D W D D E R X W W K H P R U H V X E M H F W L Y H S H U I R U P D Q F H F U L W H U L D V X F K D V W K H H [ S D W U L D W H
P D Q D J H U V O H D G H U V K L S V N L O O V R U S H U I R U P D Q F H Z L W K L Q W K H F R Q W H [ W R I W K H
V X E V L G L D U \ % R U P D Q 0 R W R Z L G O R 0 R U H R Y H U W K H V X S H U Y L V R U O R F D W H G
L Q W K H S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ P D \ Q R W E H D Z D U H R I F X O W X U D O O \ E R X Q G E L D V H V W K D W
F R Q V W U D L Q W K H M R E S H U I R U P D Q F H R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H P D Q D J H U
% H F D X V H R I W K H V H F R P S O H [ L W L H V L W P D \ E H P R V W D S S U R S U L D W H W R R E W D L Q P X O W L S O H
U D W L Q J V R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H V S H U I R U P D Q F H W K U R X J K W K H X V H R I D p I H H G E D F N
V \ V W H P ' R Z O L Q J H W D O 5 D W L Q J V R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H P D Q D J H U V
S H U I R U P D Q F H F R X O G E H J D U Q H U H G I U R P K L V R U K H U V X S H U L R U V S H H U V D Q G
V X E R U G L Q D W H V L Q W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D V V L J Q P H Q W D V Z H O O D V I U R P W K H H [ S D W U L D W H
K L P V H O I R U K H U V H O I 7 K L V Z R X O G S U R Y L G H D F O H D U H U S L F W X U H R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H V
W R W D O M R E S H U I R U P D Q F H , Q I D F W L Q D V W X G \ R I 8 6 P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O I L U P V
* U H J H U V H Q + L W H D Q G % O D F N I R X Q G W K D W R I W K H F R P S D Q L H V X V H G
P R U H W K D Q R Q H U D W H U Z K H Q D V V H V V L Q J W K H M R E S H U I R U P D Q F H R I H [ S D W U L D W H
H P S O R \ H H V ( Y L G H Q W O \ + 5 , 6 Z L W K F X O W X U D O O \ F R Q V L V W H Q W X V H U L Q W H U I D F H V D Q G
Z H O O G H V L J Q H G S U L Y D F \ V H F X U L W \ D Q G X V H I X O R X W S X W V P D \ J R D O R Q J Z D \ W R
J X D U D Q W H H D F F H S W D Q F H D Q G F U H D W H D Q H T X D O L W D U L D Q R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O F X O W X U H
0 D Q D J L Q J , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O & R P S H Q V D W L R Q 7 K H P D Q D J H P H Q W R I F R P S H Q V D W L R Q L Q D Q 0 1 ( L V R Q H R I W K H P R V W F R P S O H [
E X W F U L W L F D O O \ L P S R U W D Q W I X Q F W L R Q V R I W K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W , W V F R P S O H [ L W \
F R P H V I U R P K D Y L Q J D P L [ R I 3 & 1 V + & 1 V D Q G 7 & 1 V Z L W K L Q R Q H F R P S D Q \
D Q G W K X V K D Y L Q J W R K D Q G O H Z D J H V D O D U \ D Q G E H Q H I L W V L Q I R U P D W L R Q W K D W G L I I H U V
D F U R V V F R X Q W U L H V $ V D U H V X O W W K H , + 5 0 F R P S H Q V D W L R Q P D Q D J H U P X V W E H
D Z D U H R I G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q W D [ D W L R Q O D E R U O D Z V D I I H F W L Q J F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D Q G
E H Q H I L W V F X U U H Q F \ I O X F W X D W L R Q V D Q G F R V W R I O L Y L Q J G L I I H U H Q F H V Z L W K L Q D Q G
E H W Z H H Q F R X Q W U L H V Z K H U H W K H 0 1 ( K D V D S U H V H Q F H 7 K H F U L W L F D O L W \ R I
F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D Q G E H Q H I L W V P D Q D J H P H Q W E \ W K H , + 5 0 U H V W V L Q S D U W R Q W K H
H I I H F W V W K D W V D O D U \ D Q G E H Q H I L W V K D Y H R Q H P S O R \ H H P R W L Y D W L R Q , Q V S L W H R I
G L I I H U H Q F H V D F U R V V F R X Q W U L H V U H J D U G L Q J W K H P R W L Y D W L R Q D O I D F W R U V L Q W K H
Z R U N S O D F H P R Q H \ V H H P V W R E H F R Q V L V W H Q W O \ D W W K H W R S R I W K H O L V W
, Q W K L V F K D S W H U F R P S H Q V D W L R Q Z L O O U H I H U W R W K H H Q W L U H Z D J H V V D O D U L H V
E H Q H I L W V D Q G H [ W U D D O O R Z D Q F H V D Y D L O D E O H L Q D Q 0 1 (
7 K H R W K H U U H D V R Q I R U W K H F U L W L F D O L P S R U W D Q F H R I F R P S H Q V D W L R Q P D Q D J H P H Q W L Q
V X E V L G L D U L H V L V L W V O L Q N W R W K H V W U D W H J \ R I W K H 0 1 ( 7 R K H O S X V X Q G H U V W D Q G
V R P H R I W K H L P S R U W D Q W H O H P H Q W V D Q G G \ Q D P L F V R I F R P S H Q V D W L R Q L Q D Q 0 1 (
W K L V V H F W L R Q Z L O O F R Y H U W K H R E M H F W L Y H V R I L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q
W K H F R P S R Q H Q W V R I L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D Q G W Z R D S S U R D F K H V W R
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q
7 K H 2 E M H F W L Y H V R I , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O & R P S H Q V D W L R Q
3 R O L F \
$ F W X D O O \ W K H R E M H F W L Y H V R I D F R P S H Q V D W L R Q S R O L F \ L Q D Q 0 1 ( D U H V L P L O D U W R
W K R V H L Q D G R P H V W L F F R P S D Q \ , W K D V E H H Q I D L U O \ Z H O O H V W D E O L V K H G L Q W K H
P D Q D J H P H Q W U H V H D U F K O L W H U D W X U H W K D W F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D G P L Q L V W U D W L R Q L V F O R V H O \
U H O D W H G W R W K H V W U D W H J \ R I W K H I L U P ) R U H [ D P S O H L I W K H F R P S D Q \ K D V I R U H F D V W H G
L Q F U H D V H G V D O H V L Q W K H Q H [ W \ H D U D Q G W K X V K D V G H W H U P L Q H G D Q H H G I R U Q H Z
H P S O R \ H H V Z L W K V S H F L D O L ] H G V N L O O V L W P D \ E H Q H F H V V D U \ W R S D \ D E R Y H W K H O D E R U
P D U N H W V J R L Q J V D O D U \ U D W H L Q R U G H U W R J H W W K H E H V W D Y D L O D E O H L Q G L Y L G X D O V
7 K L V Q H F H V V L W \ Z R X O G E H H V S H F L D O O \ W U X H Z K H Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q I U R P W K H O D E R U
P D U N H W L Q G L F D W H V W K D W W K H U H L V D V K R U W D J H R I S H R S O H L Q D S D U W L F X O D U F R X Q W U \
K D Y L Q J W K H V N L O O V Q H H G H G I R U W K H W D U J H W M R E I R U H [ D P S O H F R P S X W H U S U R J U D P P H U V 6 L P L O D U O \ Z K H Q W K H O D E R U P D U N H W V W D W L V W L F V L Q G L F D W H W K D W W K H U H L V
D Q D E X Q G D Q F H R I S H R S O H Z L W K W K H V N L O O V Q H F H V V D U \ I R U D V S H F L I L F M R E L W Z R X O G
E H U H F R P P H Q G H G W K D W W K H F R P S H Q V D W L R Q O H Y H O P D W F K W K H O D E R U P D U N H W Y D O X H V
$ V L Q D G R P H V W L F I L U P W K H I L U V W R E M H F W L Y H I R U D Q 0 1 ( L V W R D O L J Q L W V
F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D G P L Q L V W U D W L R Q Z L W K W K H V W U D W H J \ R I W K H I L U P 2 I F R X U V H
F R P S D U H G Z L W K W K H G R P H V W L F I L U P W K L V D O L J Q P H Q W L V P X F K P R U H F R P S O H [ I R U
W K H 0 1 ( , W U H T X L U H V W K H 0 1 ( W R K D Y H D F F X U D W H D Q G X S W R G D W H O D E R U P D U N H W
F R P S H Q V D W L R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q I R U D O O W K H F R X Q W U L H V L Q Z K L F K L W K D V D S U H V H Q F H
7 K L V U H T X L U H P H Q W L V R Q H R I W K H P R V W S R Z H U I X O D G Y D Q W D J H V R I K D Y L Q J D Q + 5 , 6
Z L W K O D E R U P D U N H W L Q I R U P D W L R Q I R U W K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W / D E R U P D U N H W
V W D W L V W L F V V X F K D V D Y H U D J H F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D V Z H O O D V I R U H F D V W H G V K R U W D J H V D Q G
V X U S O X V H V I R U M R E V D U H D Y D L O D E O H I R U P R V W F R X Q W U L H V D Q G F D Q E H V W R U H G L Q W K H
+ 5 , 6 7 K H D S S O L F D W L R Q V L Q W K H F R P S X W H U V R I W Z D U H W K D W S U R G X F H D Q D O \ V H V R I
W K H V H G D W D Z R X O G E H T X L W H V L P L O D U W R W K R V H G H V F U L E H G L Q & K D S W H U + R Z H Y H U
L W V K R X O G E H F O H D U W K D W W K H U H S R U W V J H Q H U D W H G I U R P W K H + 5 , 6 Z R X O G E H
V L J Q L I L F D Q W O \ P R U H F R P S O H [ L Q D Q 0 1 ( V L Q F H P X O W L S O H F R X Q W U L H V Z R X O G E H
L Q Y R O Y H G
7 K H V H F R Q G R E M H F W L Y H R I F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D G P L Q L V W U D W L R Q L Q D Q 0 1 ( D V L Q D
G R P H V W L F I L U P L V W R D I I H F W H P S O R \ H H P R W L Y D W L R Q L Q V H Y H U D O Z D \ V , W P X V W
P R W L Y D W H H P S O R \ H H V W R M R L Q W K H I L U P E H S U R G X F W L Y H Z K L O H P H P E H U V R I
W K H I L U P D Q G V W D \ Z L W K W K H I L U P ( P S O R \ H H P R W L Y D W L R Q W K H Q L V D Q
L P S R U W D Q W R E M H F W L Y H R I D Q 0 1 ( V L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q S R O L F \ Z K L F K L V
F R P S O L F D W H G V L Q F H P X O W L S O H F X O W X U H V D U H L Q Y R O Y H G $ O W K R X J K P R V W F X O W X U H V V H H
P R Q H W D U \ U H Z D U G V D V P R W L Y D W L R Q D O W K H U H D U H F O H D U G L I I H U H Q F H V D F U R V V Z R U O G
F X O W X U H V L Q W H U P V R I W K H R W K H U I D F W R U V W K D W P R W L Y D W H H P S O R \ H H E H K D Y L R U V ) R U
H [ D P S O H W K H P H D Q L Q J I X O Q H V V R I W K H Z R U N P D \ E H Y H U \ L P S R U W D Q W L Q V R P H
F X O W X U H V Z K H U H D V W K H R S S R U W X Q L W \ I R U S U R P R W L R Q Z R X O G E H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W L Q
R W K H U F X O W X U H V
7 K H I L Q D O R E M H F W L Y H R I F R P S H Q V D W L R Q S R O L F \ I R U D Q 0 1 ( L V W K D W L W P X V W E H
S H U F H L Y H G D V I D L U E \ W K H H P S O R \ H H V 7 K L V Q R W L R Q R I I D L U Q H V V R U H T X L W \ K D V E H H Q
V K R Z Q W R E H D S R Z H U I X O P R W L Y D W R U R I K X P D Q E H K D Y L R U & R O T X L W W & R Q O R Q
: H V V R Q 3 R U W H U 1 J D Q G L W P D \ E H W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W R E M H F W L Y H R I
D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q S R O L F \ * L Y H Q W K H P L [ R I H P S O R \ H H V I U R P
G L I I H U H Q W F R P S D Q L H V 3 & 1 V + & 1 V 7 & 1 V S H U F H L Y H G R U U H D O G L I I H U H Q F H V L Q Z D J H V R U E H Q H I L W V E H W Z H H Q J U R X S V R I H P S O R \ H H V F R X O G O H D G W R F R Q V L G H U D E O H
G L V V D W L V I D F W L R Q D P R Q J W K H O H V V S U L Y L O H J H G J U R X S V D Q G F R Q V H T X H Q W O \ D I I H F W W K H
U H W H Q W L R Q R I H P S O R \ H H V ( D V L O \ X Q G H U V W D Q G D E O H X V H U L Q W H U I D F H V L Q
F R P S H Q V D W L R Q U H O D W H G + 5 L Q I R U P D W L R Q V \ V W H P V V K R X O G E H H V V H Q W L D O I R U
R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V L Q W H U H V W H G L Q L Q F U H D V L Q J W U D Q V S D U H Q F \ L Q D Q G V D W L V I D F W L R Q Z L W K
S D \ S D F N D J H V G H V L J Q H G W R V X S S R U W W K H F R P S D Q \ V V W U D W H J \
7 K H & R P S R Q H Q W V R I , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O & R P S H Q V D W L R Q
7 K H F R P S R Q H Q W V R I D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q V \ V W H P D U H Y H U \ V L P L O D U W R
W K R V H R I D G R P H V W L F S U R J U D P 7 K H P D M R U F R P S R Q H Q W V D U H D E D V H V D O D U \ D Q G D
V H W R I E H Q H I L W V + R Z H Y H U H [ W U D S D \ S U H P L X P V Z R X O G E H P X F K P R U H F R P S O H [
I R U D Q 0 1 ( ) R U H [ D P S O H W K H U H D U H I R U H L J Q V H U Y L F H R U K D U G V K L S S U H P L D I R U
H [ S D W U L D W H V Z K H W K H U W K H \ D U H I U R P W K H S D U H Q W R U D W K L U G F R X Q W U \ 2 W K H U
S U H P L X P V F R X O G E H E D V H G R Q W K H U L V N O H Y H O R I W K H D V V L J Q P H Q W L Q W K H F R X Q W U \
$ O W K R X J K P R V W G R P H V W L F F R P S D Q L H V J L Y H F R V W R I O L Y L Q J D O O R Z D Q F H V & 2 / $ V
E D V H G R Q Z K H U H R Q H Z R U N V H J U X U D O Y V X U E D Q O R F D W L R Q V 0 1 ( V P X V W D O V R
X V H E H W Z H H Q D Q G Z L W K L Q F R X Q W U \ & 2 / $ V W R K D Y H D Q H T X L W D E O H D Q G D W W U D F W L Y H
F R P S H Q V D W L R Q V \ V W H P 7 K H V H F R Q V L G H U D W L R Q V D O R Q J Z L W K W K H R W K H U
F R P S H Q V D W L R Q L V V X H V G L V F X V V H G P D N H P D Q D J L Q J W K H F R P S H Q V D W L R Q V \ V W H P D
O L Y L Q J Q L J K W P D U H I R U W K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W + D Y L Q J W K H H P S O R \ H H F R X Q W U \
D Q G F R P S H Q V D W L R Q E H Q H I L W V G D W D L Q D Q + 5 , 6 P H D Q V W K D W , + 5 0 S U R I H V V L R Q D O V
K D Y H W K H D E L O L W \ W R D F F H V V L P S R U W D Q W L Q I R U P D W L R Q T X L F N O \ I R U P D N L Q J E R W K
S R O L F \ D Q G R S H U D W L R Q D O G H F L V L R Q V D E R X W F R P S H Q V D W L R Q L Q D Q 0 1 (
7 Z R $ S S U R D F K H V W R , Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O & R P S H Q V D W L R Q
7 K H , + 5 0 W H [ W E R R N V P H Q W L R Q H G H D U O L H U L Q W K L V F K D S W H U % U L V F R H 6 F K X O H U
' R Z O L Q J H W D O ( Y D Q V H W D O D O O G L V F X V V W Z R D S S U R D F K H V W R
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q W K H J R L Q J U D W H D Q G W K H E D O D Q F H V K H H W
D S S U R D F K H V , Q W K H J R L Q J U D W H R U K R V W F R X Q W U \ D S S U R D F K 6 Q H O O H W D O
W K H E D V H V D O D U \ I R U L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O H P S O R \ H H V L V W L H G W R W K H V D O D U \ O H Y H O V L Q W K H
K R V W F R X Q W U \ ) R U H [ D P S O H D Q H [ S D W U L D W H Z R X O G H D U Q S D \ W K D W L V F R P S D U D E O H
Z L W K W K H V D O D U L H V R I H P S O R \ H H V L Q W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ 7 K X V W K H F R P S H Q V D W L R Q
O H Y H O V I R U H P S O R \ H H V Z R X O G G H S H Q G R Q Z D J H V X U Y H \ V R I O R F D O Q D W L R Q D O V
+ & 1 V H [ S D W U L D W H V R I W K H V D P H Q D W L R Q D O L W \ D Q G H [ S D W U L D W H V R I D O O Q D W L R Q D O L W L H V ' R Z O L Q J H W D O ) R U O R Z S D \ F R X Q W U L H V W K H E D V H S D \ D Q G
E H Q H I L W V F R X O G E H V X S S O H P H Q W H G Z L W K D G G L W L R Q D O S D \ P H Q W V , W V K R X O G E H
R E Y L R X V W K D W + 5 , 6 D S S O L F D W L R Q V I R U F R P S H Q V D W L R Q E D V H G R Q W K H J R L Q J U D W H
Z R X O G E H X V H I X O I R U H V W D E O L V K L Q J L Q L W L D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q O H Y H O V S D U W L F X O D U O \ I R U
H [ S D W U L D W H V + D Y L Q J W K L V G D W D E D V H Z R X O G D O V R E H T X L W H X V H I X O I R U K D Q G O L Q J
F R P S O D L Q W V E \ D Q \ 0 1 ( H P S O R \ H H U H J D U G L Q J W K H H T X L W \ R I K L V R U K H U
F R P S H Q V D W L R Q & R P S X W H U E D V H G F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D S S O L F D W L R Q V D U H D Y D L O D E O H I U R P
W K H P D M R U S U R Y L G H U V R I V R I W Z D U H S O D W I R U P V V X F K D V 2 U D F O H R U 6 $ 3
7 K H V H F R Q G D S S U R D F K W R F R P S H Q V D W L R Q S R O L F \ W K H E D O D Q F H V K H H W D S S U R D F K
K D V D V L W V J R D O W K H P D L Q W H Q D Q F H R I D K R P H F R X Q W U \ O L Y L Q J V W D Q G D U G S O X V D
I L Q D Q F L D O L Q G X F H P H Q W I R U D F F H S W L Q J D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O D V V L J Q P H Q W $ V ' R Z O L Q J
H W D O Q R W H 7 K H K R P H F R X Q W U \ S D \ D Q G E H Q H I L W V D U H W K H I R X Q G D W L R Q R I
W K L V D S S U R D F K D G M X V W P H Q W V W R K R P H S D F N D J H W R E D O D Q F H D G G L W L R Q D O
H [ S H Q G L W X U H L Q W K H K R V W F R X Q W U \ D Q G I L Q D Q F L D O L Q F H Q W L Y H V H [ S D W U L D W H K D U G V K L S
S U H P L X P D U H D G G H G W R P D N H W K H S D F N D J H D W W U D F W L Y H $ O W K R X J K W K L V D S S U R D F K
Z R X O G D S S H D U W R E H P R U H D W W U D F W L Y H W R W K H H [ S D W U L D W H L W K D V D G L V D G Y D Q W D J H I R U
W K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W L W F D Q E H Y H U \ F R P S O H [ W R D G P L Q L V W H U 6 R I W Z D U H
D S S O L F D W L R Q V D Q G U H S R U W V I U R P D Q + 5 , 6 F D Q D V V L V W L Q X Q W D Q J O L Q J W K H V H
R E M H F W L Y H V D Q G S U R E D E O \ S H U F H L Y H G L Q H T X D O L W L H V E X W , + 5 0 S U R I H V V L R Q D O D Q G
O L Q H P D Q D J H U V D U H V W L O O U H T X L U H G W R H [ S O D L Q W K H V H S U R J U D P V W R H P S O R \ H H V
, Q V X P F R P S H Q V D W L R Q L V S U R E D E O \ W K H P R V W G L I I L F X O W D Q G F R P S O H [ R I W K H + 5
S U R J U D P V W R L P S O H P H Q W D Q G D G P L Q L V W H U L Q D Q 0 1 ( + R Z H Y H U L W L V F U L W L F D O O \
L P S R U W D Q W W R W K H H T X L W \ H [ F K D Q J H R U S V \ F K R O R J L F D O F R Q W U D F W E H W Z H H Q W K H
F R P S D Q \ D Q G L W V H P S O R \ H H V L Q F R Q V H T X H Q F H L W L V O L N H O \ W R D I I H F W H P S O R \ H H
P R W L Y D W L R Q , Q W H U D F W L R Q V E H W Z H H Q H P S O R \ H H V D Q G W K H L U L P P H G L D W H V X S H U Y L V R U V
L Q D G R P H V W L F H Q W H U S U L V H R U D Q 0 1 ( U H J D U G L Q J F R P S H Q V D W L R Q K D Y H W K H J U H D W H V W
L P S D F W R Q P R W L Y D W L R Q R I W K H H P S O R \ H H V + D Y L Q J D Q + 5 , 6 S U R G X F H W K H Q H H G H G
G D W D D Q G L Q I R U P D W L R Q R Q W K H H T X L W \ R I F R P S H Q V D W L R Q D P R Q J H P S O R \ H H V L V D
W U H P H Q G R X V E R R Q W R H P S O R \ H H U H O D W L R Q V
+ 5 , 6 $ S S O L F D W L R Q V L Q , + 5 0
, Q W U R G X F W L R Q , W V K R X O G E H D S S D U H Q W I U R P W K H S U H Y L R X V V H F W L R Q V R I W K L V F K D S W H U W K D W + 5 0 L Q
D Q 0 1 ( L V V L J Q L I L F D Q W O \ P R U H F R P S O H [ W K D Q L Q D G R P H V W L F I L U P $ V E X V L Q H V V
E H F R P H V P R U H J O R E D O L J Q R U L Q J L W V L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O D V S H F W V Z R X O G E H I R R O L V K
2 Q H R I W K H F K D O O H Q J H V I D F L Q J W K H V H F R P S D Q L H V O D V W F H Q W X U \ Z D V O D F N R I
V R X U F H V I R U D Q G W K H V O R Z V S H H G R I W U D Q V P L V V L R Q R I L P S R U W D Q W + 5 L Q I R U P D W L R Q
I R U H I I H F W L Y H P D Q D J H P H Q W G H F L V L R Q V + R Z H Y H U Z L W K W K H F X U U H Q W W H F K Q R O R J L H V
D Q G D S S O L F D W L R Q V G L I I L F X O W L H V L Q H [ H F X W L Q J W K H E D V L F + 5 I X Q F W L R Q V R I S O D Q Q L Q J
U H F U X L W L Q J V H O H F W L Q J W U D L Q L Q J D Q G P D Q D J L Q J S H U I R U P D Q F H L Q 0 1 ( V K D Y H E H H Q
U H G X F H G W K U R X J K P R U H V R S K L V W L F D W H G D Q G E H W W H U L Q W H J U D W H G + 5 , 6
0 D V R Q V X J J H V W V W K D W W K H V X F F H V V I X O L P S O H P H Q W D W L R Q R I D Q + 5 , 6
G H S H Q G V R Q W K U H H I D F W R U V F K R R V L Q J W K H U L J K W Y H Q G R U I R U W H F K Q R O R J \
F K R R V L Q J W K H U L J K W S O D W I R U P I R U + 5 , 6 L P S O H P H Q W D W L R Q D Q G H Q V X U L Q J D
V P R R W K F R P S D Q \ U R O O R X W - R K Q V R Q D Q G * X H X W D O D O V R V X J J H V W W K D W
X V L Q J H [ W H U Q D O Y H Q G R U V L V J H Q H U D O O \ P R U H F R V W H I I H F W L Y H D Q G R I W H Q Z L O O
S U R Y L G H D P R U H F R P S O H W H + 5 V R O X W L R Q S W K H \ J R R Q W R F R P S D U H
F K R R V L Q J D Q L Q W H J U D W H G V R O X W L R Q W K D W V X S S R U W V P X O W L S O H + 5 V X E I X Q F W L R Q V
Z L W K E H V W R I E U H H G V R O X W L R Q V L Q Z K L F K R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V Z R U N Z L W K V H Y H U D O
Y H Q G R U V W R V X S S O \ W K H E H V W D Y D L O D E O H + 5 , 6 V R O X W L R Q I R U H D F K R I W K H L U
I X Q F W L R Q D O D U H D V 5 X O D Q G % R Q G D U R X N D O V R Q R W H W K D W H + 5 0 W U H Q G V
P D \ K H O S G L V F H U Q W K H H [ W H Q W W R Z K L F K + 5 S U D F W L F H V D U H F R Q Y H U J L Q J R U
G L Y H U J L Q J D F U R V V Q D W L R Q V
6 S H F L I L F + 5 , 6 D S S O L F D W L R Q V I R U 0 1 ( V K D Y H E H H Q Q R W H G S U H Y L R X V O \ P R V W O \ L Q
F R Q F H U W Z L W K V R I W Z D U H S O D W I R U P V V X F K D V 2 U D F O H D Q G 6 $ 3 7 K H V H W Z R
S O D W I R U P V K D Y H D O O + 5 D S S O L F D W L R Q V Q H H G H G I R U D J O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q 1 R W R Q O \
D U H W K H V H W K H R Q O \ V R I W Z D U H S U R Y L G H U V D Y D L O D E O H I R U V R I W Z D U H D S S O L F D W L R Q V L Q
W K H , + 5 0 I L H O G E X W W K H \ D U H D O V R J R R G V W D U W L Q J S R L Q W V I R U W K H V W X G H Q W
L Q W H U H V W H G L Q H [ D P L Q L Q J W K H Y D U L H W \ R I V R I W Z D U H W K D W F D Q E H X V H G L Q D Q + 5 , 6
7 K X V W K L V O D V W V H F W L R Q R I W K L V F K D S W H U Z L O O I R F X V R Q E U R D G H U L V V X H V L Q W K H
D S S O L F D W L R Q D Q G X V H R I D Q + 5 , 6 L Q , + 5 0 3 U R E O H P V D Q G S R W H Q W L D O V R O X W L R Q V
Z L O O E H H [ D P L Q H G D Q G G L V F X V V H G E U L H I O \ X Q G H U W K U H H W R S L F V R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O
V W U X F W X U H I R U H I I H F W L Y H Q H V V , + 5 0 + 5 , 6 D G P L Q L V W U D W L Y H L V V X H V D Q G
+ 5 , 6 D S S O L F D W L R Q V L Q 0 1 ( V
2 U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O 6 W U X F W X U H I R U ( I I H F W L Y H Q H V V 7 K H L V V X H R I W K H P R V W H I I H F W L Y H V W U X F W X U H I R U W K H R S H U D W L R Q R I D Q + 5 , 6 L Q D Q
0 1 ( K D V E H H Q D P R Y L Q J W D U J H W 7 K H P R V W F R P P R Q D G Y L F H U H J D U G L Q J W K H
P D Q D J H P H Q W R I D Q 0 1 ( K D V E H H Q W R W K L Q N J O R E D O D F W O R F D O 7 K L V D G Y L F H
D S S O L H V W R W K H W R W D O P D Q D J H P H Q W S U R F H V V R I D Q 0 1 ( L W V V W U D W H J \ R S H U D W L R Q V
I L Q D Q F H P D U N H W L Q J D Q G + 5 D Q G K D V E H H Q I R O O R Z H G U H O L J L R X V O \ I R U P D Q \
\ H D U V L Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O P D Q D J H P H Q W + R Z H Y H U % H D P D Q K D V S U R Y L G H G
D U J X P H Q W V I R U D G L I I H U H Q W D S S U R D F K D W O H D V W L Q W H U P V R I W K H G H Y H O R S P H Q W D Q G
X V H R I D Q + 5 , 6 L Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V $ V V K H V W D W H V
, P D L Q W D L Q W K D W Z H K D Y H E H H Q J R L Q J D E R X W J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q W K H Z U R Q J Z D \
7 K H V O R J D Q 7 K L Q N * O R E D O $ F W / R F D O L V F R P S O H W H O \ W K H L Q Y H U V H R I
Z K D W Z H V K R X O G E H G R L Q J Z L W K R X U + 5 , 7 > V \ Q R Q \ P I R U + 5 , 6 @
R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V 5 D W K H U L W L V R Q O \ E \ I L U V W W K L Q N L Q J O R F D O O \ W R W U X O \
X Q G H U V W D Q G W K H Q H H G V R I R X U O R F D O E X V L Q H V V F R P P X Q L W L H V D Q G W K H Q
D F W L Q J J O R E D O O \ W R V H D P O H V V O \ N Q L W W R J H W K H U G L Y H U V H E X V L Q H V V I X Q F W L R Q V
D Q G V \ V W H P V L Q W R D K R O L V W L F J O R E D O D S S U R D F K W K D W Z H F D Q E X L O G D Q
H I I H F W L Y H H I I L F L H Q W D Q G F R P S H W L W L Y H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q S
$ Z H O O H V W D E O L V K H G S L H F H R I D G Y L F H L Q W K H P D Q D J H P H Q W O L W H U D W X U H K D V E H H Q W K D W
V W U X F W X U H G R H V Q R W G U L Y H V X F F H V V S H R S O H G R 6 R W R E X L O G D Q R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O
V W U X F W X U H I R U D Q + 5 , 6 L Q D Q 0 1 ( Z H V K R X O G F R Q V L G H U % H D P D Q V Y H U \
U H D V R Q D E O H V X J J H V W L R Q
, + 5 0 + 5 , 6 $ G P L Q L V W U D W L Y H , V V X H V
6 H U Y L F H 2 U L H Q W H G $ U F K L W H F W X U H
, W P D \ E H U H S H W L W L Y H E X W L W L V L P S R U W D Q W W R U H H [ D P L Q H V R P H R I W K H + 5 , 6
D S S U R D F K H V F R Y H U H G L Q & K D S W H U L Q W H U P V R I + 5 , 6 D S S O L F D W L R Q V L Q D Q 0 1 (
7 K H V H D S S O L F D W L R Q V F D Q E H P X F K P R U H X V H I X O L Q D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O I L U P W K D Q L Q D
G R P H V W L F R Q H 2 Q H R I W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W D S S U R D F K H V I R U K D Q G O L Q J
D G P L Q L V W U D W L Y H L V V X H V L Q D Q 0 1 ( L V W K H X V H R I D V H U Y L F H R U L H Q W H G D U F K L W H F W X U H
6 2 $ $ V G L V F X V V H G L Q & K D S W H U D Q 6 2 $ L V D S D U D G L J P I R U R U J D Q L ] L Q J D Q G
X W L O L ] L Q J G L V W U L E X W H G > F R P S X W L Q J @ F D S D E L O L W L H V W K D W P D \ E H X Q G H U W K H F R Q W U R O R I G L I I H U H Q W R Z Q H U V K L S G R P D L Q V S U R Y L G L Q J D X Q L I R U P P H D Q V W R R I I H U
G L V F R Y H U L Q W H U D F W Z L W K D Q G X V H F D S D E L O L W L H V W R S U R G X F H G H V L U H G > E X V L Q H V V @
H I I H F W V 2 $ 6 , 6 S 6 2 $ L V I R F X V H G R Q S U R Y L G L Q J D V H U Y L F H I R U D
I X Q F W L R Q W K D W L V Z H O O G H I L Q H G V H O I F R Q W D L Q H G D Q G F R Q W H [ W D Q G S O D W I R U P
L Q G H S H Q G H Q W D I X Q F W L R Q W K D W D G G V Y D O X H W R W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V E X V L Q H V V S X U S R V H
U D W K H U W K D Q V L P S O \ E H L Q J I R F X V H G R Q W K H W H F K Q R O R J \ L W V H O I , Q H I I H F W 6 2 $ L V D
F R O O H F W L R Q R I L Q W H U Q D O D Q G H [ W H U Q D O V H U Y L F H V W K D W F D Q F R P P X Q L F D W H Z L W K H D F K
R W K H U E \ S R L Q W W R S R L Q W G D W D H [ F K D Q J H R U W K U R X J K F R R U G L Q D W L R Q D P R Q J
G L I I H U H Q W V H U Y L F H V W R D F K L H Y H D E X V L Q H V V S X U S R V H $ V D U H V X O W D Q 6 2 $ F D Q
F R P E L Q H P X O W L S O H E X V L Q H V V I X Q F W L R Q V I U R P G L I I H U H Q W R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O
G H S D U W P H Q W V I R U H [ D P S O H S U R G X F W L R Q P D U N H W L Q J D Q G + 5 W K D W K D Y H V L P L O D U
H O H F W U R Q L F W U D Q V D F W L R Q V V X F K D V F K D Q J H R I D G G U H V V R U V D O D U \ O H Y H O L Q W R D
F H Q W U D O S U R F H V V L R Q X Q L W 6 2 $ V Z H U H F U H D W H G Z K H Q L W Z D V G L V F R Y H U H G W K D W W K H
Y D U L R X V G H S D U W P H Q W V R I R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V P D U N H W L Q J I L Q D Q F H R S H U D W L R Q V 5 '
D Q G + 5 Z H U H V W R U L Q J W K H V D P H E D V L F L Q I R U P D W L R Q R Q H P S O R \ H H V & U H D W L Q J D Q
6 2 $ Z D V D Z D \ W R X V H W K H , 7 F D S D E L O L W L H V R I D Q R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q P R U H H I I L F L H Q W O \
2 X W V R X U F L Q J 2 I I V K R U L Q J D Q G , Q V R X U F L Q J
0 1 ( V Z H U H W K H I L U V W R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V W R R X W V R X U F H P D Q \ R I W K H L U M R E V W K D W
U H T X L U H G O R Z O H Y H O V R I V N L O O V H J F D O O F H Q W H U V 2 X W V R X U F L Q J L Q + 5 K D G E H H Q
G R Q H I R U \ H D U V I R U H [ D P S O H X V L Q J $ X W R P D W L F ' D W D 3 U R F H V V L Q J , Q F
Z Z Z D G S F R P F R U S R U D W H / D Q G L Q J I R U S D \ U R O O D G P L Q L V W U D W L R Q + R Z H Y H U W K H
+ 5 G H S D U W P H Q W V L Q W K H V Z H U H O R R N L Q J W R R X W V R X U F H R W K H U S U R J U D P V
U H F U X L W L Q J D Q G V H O H F W L R Q W R V X S S R V H G O \ V D Y H P R Q H \ I R U W K H L U R S H U D W L R Q V
7 K X V X V L Q J W K H , Q W H U Q H W I R U R X W V R X U F L Q J + 5 S U R J U D P V E H F D P H D U H D O L W \
* X H X W D O 6 W R Q H : D O N H U 0 R V W R I W K H V H D S S U R D F K H V I D L O H G I R U D
Y D U L H W \ R I U H D V R Q V W K H P D M R U R Q H K D G W R G R Z L W K W K H S U L Y D F \ D Q G
F R Q I L G H Q W L D O L W \ R I H P S O R \ H H V S H U V R Q D O G D W D 6 W L O O E H F D X V H R I W K H W U H P H Q G R X V
I L Q D Q F L D O E H Q H I L W V L I W K H 0 1 ( F R X O G X V H R X W V R X U F L Q J R U R I I V K R U L Q J W K H V H
S U D F W L F H V F R Q W L Q X H G $ Q R W K H U P D M R U S U R E O H P K R Z H Y H U Z D V W K D W P D Q \
F R P S D Q L H V R X W V R X U F H G R U R I I V K R U H G + 5 I X Q F W L R Q V W K D W Z H U H D F U L W L F D O S D U W R I
W K H S U L P D U \ E X V L Q H V V R I W K H R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q I R U H [ D P S O H W D O H Q W P D Q D J H P H Q W
7 K X V P D Q \ F R P S D Q L H V U H Y H U W H G W R L Q V R X U F L Q J F H U W D L Q E X V L Q H V V S U R F H V V H V
S D U W L F X O D U O \ W K R V H L Q W K H + 5 G H S D U W P H Q W + 5 , 6 $ S S O L F D W L R Q V L Q 0 1 ( V
$ V G L V F X V V H G L Q W K L V F K D S W H U P R V W R I W K H + 5 , 6 D S S O L F D W L R Q V D Y D L O D E O H I R U D
G R P H V W L F F R P S D Q \ F D Q E H X V H G I R U 0 1 ( V + R Z H Y H U V R P H P R G L I L F D W L R Q V D U H
Q H F H V V D U \ G X H W R W K H F R P S O H [ L W \ R I W K H G D W D E D V H L Q D Q 0 1 ( , Q W R G D \ V J O R E D O
H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W D F F H V V W R G D W D I U R P D Q \ S K \ V L F D O O R F D W L R Q L Q W K H Z R U O G L V
L Q F U H D V L Q J O \ L P S R U W D Q W 7 H D P V R I H P S O R \ H H V P D \ E H V W D W L R Q H G L Q 7 K D L O D Q G
, Q G L D D Q G W K H 8 Q L W H G 6 W D W H V $ V F R Y H U H G L Q & K D S W H U W Z R L V V X H V D U L V H Z K H Q
G D W D D U H V K D U H G D F U R V V Z L G H J H R J U D S K L F O R F D W L R Q V 7 K H V H D U H P D Q D J L Q J W K H
G D \ D Q G W L P H R I D W U D Q V D F W L R Q D Q G G H W H U P L Q L Q J Z K H U H W R V W R U H W K H Y D U L R X V
F R P S R Q H Q W V R I W K H E X V L Q H V V D S S O L F D W L R Q ' % 0 6 D Q G G D W D E D V H
$ V S D U W R I D J O R E D O L Q I R U P D W L R Q V \ V W H P G H V L J Q R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q V K D Y H F K R V H Q W R
E U H D N W K H L U E X V L Q H V V D S S O L F D W L R Q V D Q G ' % 0 6 L Q W R F R P S R Q H Q W V R I W H Q F D O O H G
W L H U V 0 R U H G H W D L O R Q W L H U V Z D V F R Y H U H G L Q & K D S W H U 7 U D G L W L R Q D O F O L H Q W
V H U Y H U D U F K L W H F W X U H V E U R N H D Q D S S O L F D W L R Q L Q W R W Z R W L H U V W \ S L F D O O \ Z L W K W K H X V H U
L Q W H U I D F H D Q G V R P H E X V L Q H V V O R J L F R Q W K H X V H U V F R P S X W H U V X F K D V D 3 & W K H
F O L H Q W D Q G W K H G D W D E D V H D Q G P D L Q V W U H D P S D U W V R I W K H D S S O L F D W L R Q V W R U H G R Q D
V H U Y H U , Q W R G D \ V J O R E D O H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W Z L W K K L J K V S H H G G D W D Q H W Z R U N V 1 W L H U
D U F K L W H F W X U H V H [ L V W Z L W K G D W D E D V H V D Q G D S S O L F D W L R Q V E H L Q J G L V W U L E X W H G D P R Q J
P D Q \ G L I I H U H Q W F R P S X W H U V D U R X Q G W K H Z R U O G 6 R L I I R U H [ D P S O H \ R X D U H L Q D Q
, Q W H U Q H W F D I L Q % D Q J N R N W U \ L Q J W R J H W L Q I R U P D W L R Q D E R X W \ R X U E H Q H I L W
H O H F W L R Q W K H K R V W L Q J F R P S X W H U P D \ E H L Q / R Q G R Q D Q G W K H G D W D P D \ E H O R F D W H G
R Q D F R P S X W H U L Q & K L F D J R , Q V X P F R P S X W H U Q H W Z R U N V D U H F U H D W H G W K D W
S U R Y L G H L Q V W D Q W D F F H V V W R W K H V H R S H U D W L R Q D O G D W D D O O R Z L Q J U H D O W L P H G H F L V L R Q
P D N L Q J F D S D E L O L W L H V U H J D U G O H V V R I R Q H V S K \ V L F D O O R F D W L R Q
$ F H Q W U D O L ] H G G D W D E D V H D O O R Z V D F R P S D Q \ W R F R Q I L Q H L W V G D W D W R D V L Q J O H
O R F D W L R Q D Q G W K H U H I R U H W R P R U H H D V L O \ F R Q W U R O G D W D L Q W H J U L W \ X S G D W L Q J
E D F N X S T X H U L H V D Q G D F F H V V $ F R P S D Q \ Z L W K P D Q \ O R F D W L R Q V D Q G
W H O H F R P P X W H U V K R Z H Y H U P X V W G H Y H O R S D F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q V L Q I U D V W U X F W X U H W R
I D F L O L W D W H G D W D V K D U L Q J R Y H U D Z L G H J H R J U D S K L F D O D U H D 7 K H D G Y H Q W R I W K H
, Q W H U Q H W D Q G D V W D Q G D U G L ] H G F R P P X Q L F D W L R Q S U R W R F R O P D G H W K H F H Q W U D O L ] H G
G D W D E D V H V W U X F W X U H V D Q G J H R J U D S K L F D O O \ G L V S H U V H G G D W D V K D U L Q J I H D V L E O H
7 K H G D W D E D V H V W U X F W X U H V D Q G V \ V W H P D U F K L W H F W X U H V Z H K D Y H G L V F X V V H G Z R X O G E H
Y H U \ X V H I X O W R D P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O H Q W H U S U L V H & R Q V L G H U W K H G L I I H U H Q F H V E H W Z H H Q D F R P S H Q V D W L R Q G D W D E D V H I R U D G R P H V W L F F R U S R U D W L R Q R S H U D W L Q J L Q D V L Q J O H O D E R U
P D U N H W D Q G I R U D Q 0 1 ( 7 K H P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O V F R P S H Q V D W L R Q G D W D E D V H Z R X O G
L Q F O X G H O D E R U P D U N H W G D W D I R U D O O F R X Q W U L H V L Q Z K L F K W K H 0 1 ( K D V D S U H V H Q F H
I R U H [ D P S O H $ O V R D J U H D W Q X P E H U R I W K H P R G L I L F D W L R Q V W R D Q + 5 , 6 L Q D Q
0 1 ( Z R X O G E H G U L Y H Q E \ W K H G L I I H U H Q W O D E R U O D Z V D Q G U H J X O D W L R Q V R I W K H
Y D U L R X V K R V W F R X Q W U L H V $ V Q R W H G W K H U H L V V R I W Z D U H D Y D L O D E O H I R U , + 5 0 E X W
W K H X V H R I W K L V V R I W Z D U H G H P D Q G V W K D W W K H G D W D E D V H E H D F F X U D W H D Q G W L P H O \
% H L Q J D E O H W R F U H D W H D Q G D F F H V V U H S R U W V E D V H G R Q H P S O R \ H H G D W D D Q G G R L W
T X L F N O \ U H T X L U H V W K D W W K H G D W D E H D F F X U D W H D Q G X S W R G D W H D Q D [ L R P W K D W K D V
E H H Q H P S K D V L ] H G W K U R X J K R X W W K L V E R R N
6 X P P D U \
* O R E D O L ] D W L R Q L V D U H D O L W \ 7 Z H Q W \ I L Y H \ H D U V D J R L W Z D V W K H U H D O L W \ S U L P D U L O \
I R U P D M R U F R U S R U D W L R Q V R I W K H F D O L E H U R I * H Q H U D O ( O H F W U L F * ( R U , % 0 1 R Z
L W K D V E H F R P H L Q F U H D V L Q J O \ L P S R U W D Q W I R U P L G V L ] H I L U P V W K H I D V W H V W J U R Z L Q J
J U R X S L Q D O O F R X Q W U L H V 7 K L V F K D S W H U K D V H [ D P L Q H G W K H L P S O L F D W L R Q V R I W K L V
J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q R Q W K H + 5 0 I X Q F W L R Q L Q 0 1 ( V D Q G K D V G R F X P H Q W H G W K H
H [ S O R V L R Q R I W K H + 5 0 I X Q F W L R Q L Q W R D V H S D U D W H I L H O G , + 5 0 + R Z , + 5 0 K D V
E H F R P H L Q F U H D V L Q J O \ F R P S O H [ E \ H [ S D Q G L Q J R Q W K H W U D G L W L R Q D O + 5 I X Q F W L R Q V
R I V H O H F W L R Q W U D L Q L Q J D Q G F R P S H Q V D W L R Q Z D V D O V R F R Y H U H G 7 K H F R P S O H [ L W \ R I
K D Y L Q J G L Y H U V L W \ R I H P S O R \ H H V 3 & 1 V + & 1 V D Q G 7 & 1 V D Q G R I F R Q W H Q G L Q J
Z L W K W K H Y D U \ L Q J O D Z V D Q G S U D F W L F H V R I K R V W F R X Q W U L H V G L F W D W H G W K D W 0 1 ( V
D E D Q G R Q W K H S D S H U D Q G S H Q F L O V \ V W H P I R U F R P S X W H U W H F K Q R O R J \
7 K H D G Y D Q W D J H V R I K D Y L Q J H P S O R \ H H L Q I R U P D W L R Q V W R U H G P D Q L S X O D W H G D Q G
U H S R U W H G X V L Q J F R P S X W H U W H F K Q R O R J \ Z H U H G L V F X V V H G U H O D W L Y H W R W K H X V H R I
W K H V H F D S D E L O L W L H V L Q P X O W L S O H , + 5 0 S U R J U D P V + R Z H Y H U V R P H R I W K H P R U H
F U L W L F D O L Q I R U P D W L R Q W K D W D Q + 5 , 6 F D Q V W R U H D Q D O \ ] H D Q G S U R G X F H U H S R U W V R Q L V
F R Q W D L Q H G L Q W K H F X O W X U D O D Q G O H J D O S U R I L O H V R I F R X Q W U L H V 7 K L V L Q I R U P D W L R Q L V
Y D O X D E O H L Q D O O W K H D F W L Y L W L H V D Q G S U R J U D P V R I W K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W D Q G
V L J Q L I L F D Q W O \ L Q I O X H Q F H V W K H P D Q D J H P H Q W R I W K H P D Q \ S D U W V R I D Q 0 1 (
. H \ 7 H U P V
E D O D Q F H V K H H W D S S U R D F K
F U R V V F X O W X U D O V X L W D E L O L W \ F X O W X U D O H Q Y L U R Q P H Q W R I F R X Q W U L H V
F X O W X U D O Q R U P
F X O W X U H
F X O W X U H V K R F N
G L U H F W F R V W V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H
G R P H V W L F + 5 0
( X U R S H D Q 8 Q L R Q ( 8
H [ S D W U L D W H
H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H
J O R E D O F R U S R U D W L R Q
J O R E D O L ] D W L R Q R I E X V L Q H V V
J R L Q J U D W H D S S U R D F K
K R V W F R X Q W U \ D S S U R D F K
K R V W F R X Q W U \ Q D W L R Q D O V + & 1 V
L Q G L U H F W F R V W V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q
L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O K X P D Q U H V R X U F H P D Q D J H P H Q W , + 5 0
P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q
P X O W L Q D W L R Q D O H Q W H U S U L V H V 0 1 ( V
S D U H Q W F R X Q W U \ Q D W L R Q D O V 3 & 1 V
S U H G H S D U W X U H W U D L Q L Q J
U H S D W U L D W L R Q
7 K L Q N J O R E D O D F W O R F D O
W K L U G F R X Q W U \ Q D W L R Q D O V 7 & 1 V
W U D Q V Q D W L R Q D O F R U S R U D W L R Q
' L V F X V V L R Q 4 X H V W L R Q V
' H V F U L E H W K H G L I I H U H Q F H V E H W Z H H Q G R P H V W L F D Q G L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O + 5 0
: K D W D U H W K H G L I I H U H Q W W \ S H V R I R U J D Q L ] D W L R Q D O I R U P V W K D W F R U S R U D W L R Q V
X V H I R U L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O R S H U D W L R Q V "
: K D W D U H W K H W K U H H W \ S H V R I H P S O R \ H H V Z K R Z R U N L Q 0 1 ( V " ( [ S O D L Q
K R Z D Q + & 1 F R X O G F K D Q J H W R E H F R P H D 7 & 1 L Q D Q 0 1 (
' H V F U L E H W K H V W D I I L Q J S U R F H V V L Q D Q 0 1 ( + R Z G R H V L W G L I I H U I U R P W K D W R I
D G R P H V W L F R Q O \ F R U S R U D W L R Q "
: K D W D U H W K H P D L Q F D X V H V R I H [ S D W U L D W H I D L O X U H "
' H V F U L E H D W U D L Q L Q J S U R J U D P I R U H [ S D W U L D W H V , Q Z K D W Z D \ V G R + 5 , 6 K H O S L P S U R Y H W K H L U H I I H F W L Y H Q H V V D Q G H I I L F L H Q F \ " : K \ L V L W U H F R P P H Q G H G W K D W
W K H I D P L O \ R I W K H H [ S D W U L D W H D O V R U H F H L Y H W U D L Q L Q J "
, V W K H U H D E H V W P H W K R G I R U F R P S O H W L Q J S H U I R U P D Q F H D S S U D L V D O V I R U H D F K R I
W K H W K U H H G L I I H U H Q W W \ S H V R I H P S O R \ H H V L Q D Q 0 1 ( " , I V R G H V F U L E H W K H
Z D \ V L Q Z K L F K D Q + 5 , 6 P D \ K H O S
: K D W D U H W K H P D L Q R E M H F W L Y H V R I D Q L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O F R P S H Q V D W L R Q S O D Q "
: R X O G D Q L Q W H J U D W H G V R O X W L R Q R U D E H V W R I E U H H G V R O X W L R Q P D N H P R U H
V H Q V H I R U D O D U J H P D Q X I D F W X U L Q J F R U S R U D W L R Q " ' R \ R X E H O L H Y H W K D W \ R X U
D Q V Z H U Z R X O G E H G L I I H U H Q W I R U D P L G V L ] H G F R P S D Q \ L Q W K H V D P H
L Q G X V W U \ " ( [ S O D L Q \ R X U D Q V Z H U
: K D W D U H W K H P R G L I L F D W L R Q V Q H F H V V D U \ I R U X V L Q J + 5 , 6 V R I W Z D U H
D S S O L F D W L R Q V W K D W D U H G H V L J Q H G I R U G R P H V W L F F R P S D Q L H V L Q D Q 0 1 ( "
& D V H 6 W X G \ * O R E D O , V V X H V L Q D 0 X O W L Q D W L R Q D O
& R P S D Q \
$ O D U J H 0 1 ( L Q W K H F R R N Z D U H L Q G X V W U \ Z D V K D Y L Q J G L I I L F X O W L H V P D L Q W D L Q L Q J L W V
P D U N H W V K D U H G X H W R D Q X P E H U R I P H U J H U V D P R Q J R W K H U F R P S H W L Q J I L U P V L Q W K H
L Q G X V W U \ 7 K H 0 1 ( Z L W K F R U S R U D W H K H D G T X D U W H U V L Q & D Q D G D K D G S U R G X F W L R Q
S O D Q W V L Q F R X Q W U L H V D Q G D F R P S D Q \ S U H V H Q F H L Q D W R W D O R I F R X Q W U L H V
$ O W K R X J K W K H I L U P K D G D Q X P E H U R I F R P S H W L W R U V L W V S U R G X F W Z D V F R Q V L G H U H G D V
K D Y L Q J W K H K L J K H V W T X D O L W \ W K H 0 H U F H G H V R I F R R N Z D U H 7 K H I L U P Z D V I D P L O \
R Z Q H G D Q G I R X Q G H G L Q 7 K H P R V W S U H V V L Q J S U R E O H P Z D V K R Z W K H I L U P
F R X O G V W D \ F R P S H W L W L Y H L Q W K H P D U N H W S O D F H D Q G V W R S G H F U H D V H V L Q V D O H V
1 D W X U D O O \ L W Z D V K L J K O \ G H V L U D E O H W R L Q F U H D V H V D O H V E H \ R Q G D Q Q X D O D Y H U D J H V
E X W I L U V W W K H I L U P K D G W R F K D Q J H V R P H W K L Q J W R V W D E L O L ] H L W V S O D F H L Q W K H
P D U N H W
( [ D P L Q L Q J W K H S U R E O H P W K H & ( 2 D Q G W K H F R U S R U D W H E R D U G F R Q V L V W L Q J R I D O O
W K H F R U S R U D W H Y L F H S U H V L G H Q W V D V Z H O O D V W K H & ( 2 V R I D O O W K H L Q W H U Q D W L R Q D O
O R F D W L R Q V F R Q F O X G H G W K D W L W Z D V Q H F H V V D U \ W R U H G X F H R S H U D W L Q J F R V W V E \ W R
W R U H P D L Q F R P S H W L W L Y H 7 K X V L W Z D V G H F L G H G W R G H W H U P L Q H L I W K H V H F R V W
V D Y L Q J V F R X O G E H D F K L H Y H G L Q R S H U D W L R Q V U D Z P D W H U L D O V I L Q D Q F H V R U + 5
7 K H 0 1 ( P D Q D J H U V H [ D P L Q H G W K H O D W H V W S U R G X F W L R Q W H F K Q R O R J \ L Q W K H L U
L Q G X V W U \ 7 K H I L U P G L V F R Y H U H G W K D W L W V W H F K Q R O R J \ Z D V I D L U O \ F X U U H Q W D Q G W K H I H Z W H F K Q R O R J L F D O F K D Q J H V D Y D L O D E O H Z R X O G R Q O \ K H O S G H F U H D V H F R V W V E \ O H V V
W K D Q + R Z H Y H U W K H V H P R G L I L F D W L R Q V W R W K H L U F X U U H Q W W H F K Q R O R J \ Z H U H Y H U \
H [ S H Q V L Y H D Q G G L G Q R W D S S H D U W R K D Y H D I D Y R U D E O H U H W X U Q R Q L Q Y H V W P H Q W 5 2 ,
7 U \ L Q J W R R E W D L Q E H W W H U I L Q D Q F L Q J Z D V Q H D U O \ L P S R V V L E O H V L Q F H W K H 0 1 ( K D G
Y H U \ I D Y R U D E O H I L Q D Q F L Q J F X U U H Q W O \ 7 K H V D P H Z D V W U X H I R U U D Z P D W H U L D O V
V L Q F H D G H F L V L R Q W R X V H F K H D S H U P D W H U L D O V Z R X O G J U H D W O \ U H G X F H W K H T X D O L W \ R I
W K H F R P S D Q \ V S U R G X F W V
$ V D U H V X O W W K H P D Q D J H P H Q W R I W K H 0 1 ( D V N H G W K H , + 5 0 G H S D U W P H Q W I R U
V R P H V X J J H V W L R Q V D V W R K R Z S H U V R Q Q H O F R V W V F R X O G E H W U L P P H G + R Z H Y H U
W K H U H Z D V R Q H F R Q V W U D L Q W H V W D E O L V K H G E \ W U D G L W L R Q L Q W K H F R P S D Q \ 7 K H 0 1 (
K D G Q H Y H U K D G D O D \ R I I R I H P S O R \ H H V L Q L W V K L V W R U \ D Q G W K H & ( 2 U H I X V H G W R
X V H W K L V R S W L R Q W R U H G X F H S H U V R Q Q H O F R V W V 2 Q H R I W K H F R P S O L F D W L Q J I D F W R U V Z D V
W K H G L I I H U H Q W O D E R U O H J L V O D W L R Q D V Z H O O D V W K H Y H U \ G L I I H U H Q W F X O W X U H V L Q W K H
F R X Q W U L H V L Q Z K L F K W K H 0 1 ( G L G E X V L Q H V V
& D V H 6 W X G \ 4 X H V W L R Q V
+ R Z Z R X O G \ R X D S S U R D F K D V R O X W L R Q W R W K L V S U R E O H P I R U W K H 0 1 ( "
$ V V X P L Q J W K D W U H G X F L Q J S H U V R Q Q H O F R V W V L V W K H E H V W D Q G S U R E D E O \ R Q O \
Z D \ W R U H G X F H R Y H U D O O F R U S R U D W H F R V W V Z K D W V S H F L I L F S U R J U D P V Z R X O G
\ R X V X J J H V W W R U H G X F H F R V W V " : K \ "
+ R Z Z R X O G D Q + 5 , 6 I R U W K H 0 1 ( D L G L Q I L Q G L Q J + 5 S U R J U D P V W R K H O S
V R O Y H W K L V S U R E O H P " : K D W Z R X O G E H W K H P R V W L P S R U W D Q W G D W D W R D F F H V V L Q
W K H + 5 , 6 I R U W K H X Q L W V D Q G G L Y L V L R Q V R I W K H 0 1 ( W R G H W H U P L Q H I H D V L E O H
+ 5 S U R J U D P V "
$ U H W K H S U R E O H P V R I U H G X F L Q J S H U V R Q Q H O F R V W V I R U D Q 0 1 ( G L I I H U H Q W I U R P
W K R V H I R U D G R P H V W L F R Q O \ F R P S D Q \ " ( [ S O D L Q
6 W X G H Q W 6 W X G \ 6 L W H
9 L V L W W K H 6 W X G H Q W 6 W X G \ 6 L W H D W V W X G \ V D J H S X E F R P N D Y D Q D J K H I R U
D G G L W L R Q D O O H D U Q L Q J W R R O V V X F K D V D F F H V V W R 6 $ * ( M R X U Q D O D U W L F O H V D Q G U H O D W H G
: H E U H V R X U F H V