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north, east, west, and south. Plant capacities (millions of units per year), annual fixed costs (millions of euros per year), regional demand (millions of units) , and variable production and shipping costs (euros per unit) are as shown in the table below . Capacity, Cost, and Demand Data for Hot&Cold and CaldoFreddo Variable Production and Shipping Costs North East South West Capacity Annual Fixed Cost Hot&Cold France 100 110 105 100 50 1,000 Germany 95 105 110 105 50 1,000 Finland 90 100 115 110 40 850 Demand 30 20 20 35 CaldoFreddo U.K. 105 120 110 90 50 1,000 Italy 110 105 90 115 60 1,150 Demand 15 20 30 20 Each appliance sells for an average price of 300 euros. All plants are currently treated as profit centers, and the company pays taxes separately for each plant. Tax rates in the various countries are as follows: France, 0.2; Germany, 0. 19 ; Finland , 0. 25.5 ; UK, 0.2 0; and Italy, 0.22 .

a. Before the merger, what is the optimal network for each of the two firms if their goal is to minimize costs? What is the optimal network if the goal is to maximize after -tax profits? b. After the merger, what is the minimum cost configuration if none of the plants is shut down? What is the configuration that maximizes after -tax profits if none of the plants is shut down? c. After the merger, what is the minimum cost configuration if plants can be shut down (assume that a shutdown saves 100 percent of the annual fixed cost of the plant)?

What is the configuration that maximizes after -tax profits? d. After the merger, what is the minimum cost configuration if plants can be shut down (assume that a shutdown saves 60 percent of the annual fixed cost of the plant)?

What is the configuration that maximizes after -tax profits?