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Unit 4: Nuclear Chemistry

Test Scoring Guide

Mrs. Marais

Each standard will be graded on a 4-3-2-1 basis with:

“4” indicating you are “excelling for this standard” and represents an A (90% or above).
“3” indicating you are “meeting standard” and represents a B (80%).
“2” indicating you are “approaching standard” and represents a C (70%).
“1” indicating you are “beginning for this standard” and represents an F (below 70%).

This test consists of 1 standard:

PS 8: This will be accessed in 4 tables in which you will create models for radioactive decay, fission, and fusion and then compare these models.

You will receive a 4-3-2-1 grade for each standard(s) using the rubric below.

Your will receive a weighted score for each standard.

For this test:

PS 8: weighted 50 points

4 – 90% (45/50)
3 – 80% (40/50)
2 – 70% (35/50)
1 - < 70% (less than 35 points)

The weighted score for each standard(s) will be added together for a total score.

You must meet standard or achieve a “3” on each standard(s).

Please email me directly if you do not achieve a “3” on each standard(s) and we will make a plan to help you meet this requirement.

You have two options to complete this standards-based assessment.

Option 1: OPEN, SAVE, COMPLETE in Microsoft Word (using Microsoft Paint to create images/diagrams as needed), and then UPLOAD.

Option 2: OPEN, PRINT, COMPLETE by-hand, SCAN/TAKE a PIC, and then UPLOAD. NOTE: If you choose to do this assignment by hand, please print VERY neatly and draw figures carefully! If I can’t read/understand your work, I will need to give your response a “zero.”

Priority Standard:

PS 8

HS-PS1-8: Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay.

Excelling

Excelling means the student has thoroughly demonstrated knowledge on standard assessed.

Meeting

Meeting means the student has demonstrated competence on standard assessed.

Approaching

Approaching means the student has partially demonstrated competence on standard assessed.

Beginning

Beginning means the student has not yet demonstrated competence on standard assessed.

Table 1 Radioactive Decay: Correctly answers questions 1-6.

AND

Correctly answers questions 7-8.

Table 2 Fission:

Correctly answers questions 1-7.

AND

Correctly answers questions 8-9.

Table 3 Fusion:

Correctly answers questions 1-7.

AND

Correctly answers questions 8-9.

Table 4 Comparing Radioactive Decay, Fission, and Fusion

Correctly answers questions 1-2.

AND

Correctly answers 3.

Does not meet requirements for level 4.

Table 1 Radioactive Decay: Correctly answers questions 1-6.

Table 2 Fission:

Correctly answers questions 1-7.

Table 3 Fusion:

Correctly answers questions 1-7.

Table 4 Comparing Radioactive Decay, Fission, and Fusion

Correctly answers questions 1-2.

Does not meet requirements for level 3.

Shows some understanding from responses the changes that occur in the nucleus and the energy released during processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay.

Does not meet requirements for level 2.

Understanding cannot be determined as answers are vague, incomplete, missing, or incomprehensible.

NOTE: When the term “fission” is used on this test, it is referring to the type of fission that occurs in nuclear power plants (e.g. fission on-demand). It is NOT referring to spontaneous fission, a type of radioactive decay.

PART 1: Modeling Radioactive Decay

In part 1, you will MODEL the beta decay of Al-29 by creating and labeling a drawing and providing a caption to explain this drawing.

YOU WILL COMPLETE ALL YOUR WORK IN THE “Your Answer” COLUMN OF THE TABLE BELOW.

Directions	Your Answer
1: CREATE a color code: Protons = _________ color Neutrons = _________color 2. REPRESENT the nucleus of Al-29 by DRAWING circles to represent protons and neutrons and COLOR-CODING according to your key above. 3. LABEL the number of protons and neutrons in Al-29. 4. INCLUDE the following additional items in your model: - REPRESENT the product isotope produced by the beta decay of Al-29 by DRAWING circles to represent protons and neutrons and COLOR-CODING according to your key above. -REPRESENT the beta particle using its formula (for example, an alpha particle is shown below) 4 2He 5. LABEL the number of protons and neutrons in the product isotope.
6. PROVIDE a caption for your model that EXPLAINS “how” your model demonstrates radioactive decay – be specific.
7. WRITE and BALANCE a nuclear equation for the radioactive decay of Al-29 that you just illustrated. USE isotopic notation to represent Al-29 USE isotopic notation to represent the product isotope USE the isotopic notation to represent the beta particle (for example, an alpha particle is shown below) 4 2He (see example of isotopic notation for Cu-63 below)
8. ANSWER the following questions PREDICT “why” Al-29 might undergo beta decay (e.g. how might this stabilize Al-29?) EXPLAIN the outcome of beta decay to “atomic number” and “mass number” and EXPLAIN “why” this outcome makes sense.

PART 2: Modeling Fission

In part 1, you will MODEL the fission of S-32 by creating and labeling a drawing and providing a caption to explain this drawing.

NOTE: A small isotope like S-32 would NOT be used for nuclear fission in power plants but will be easier to work with for this example.

YOU WILL COMPLETE ALL YOUR WORK IN THE “Your Answer” COLUMN OF THE TABLE BELOW.

Directions	Your Answer
1: CREATE a color code: Protons = _________ color Neutrons = _________color 2. REPRESENT the nucleus of S-32 by DRAWING circles to represent protons and neutrons and COLOR-CODING according to your key above. 3. LABEL the number of protons and neutrons in S-32. 4. INCLUDE the following additional items in your model: - NEUTRONS (represent both incoming and outgoing neutrons and their role in the reaction) - REPRESENT the product isotopes produced by the fission of S-32 by DRAWING circles to represent protons and neutrons and COLOR-CODING according to your key above. (NOTE: Assume S-32 splits into 2 product isotopes of your choice AND 3 outgoing neutrons) 5. LABEL the number of protons and neutrons in BOTH product isotopes. 6. DRAW and LABEL an icon for energy in your model to demonstrate whether energy is absorbed or released.
7. PROVIDE a caption for your model that EXPLAINS “how” your model demonstrates fission – be specific.
8. WRITE and BALANCE a nuclear equation for the fission of S-32 that you just illustrated. USE isotopic notation to represent S-32 USE isotopic notation to represent the two product isotopes you chose USE isotopic notation to represent incoming neutron and 3 outgoing neutrons DRAW your energy icon where it belongs in this nuclear equation (see example of isotopic notation for Cu-63 below)
9. ANSWER the following questions: EXPLAIN the “role” of the incoming neutron in fission. COMPARE the mass of reactants to products in fission and PROVIDE a scientific explanation for this.

PART 3: Modeling Fusion

In part 1, you will MODEL the fusion of Mg-23 and P-32 by creating and labeling a drawing and providing a caption to explain this drawing.

YOU WILL COMPLETE ALL YOUR WORK IN THE “Your Answer” COLUMN OF THE TABLE BELOW.

Directions	Your Answer
1: CREATE a color code: Protons = _________ color Neutrons = _________color 2. REPRESENT the nuclei of Mg-23 and P-32 by DRAWING circles to represent protons and neutrons and COLOR-CODING according to your key above. 3. LABEL the number of protons and neutrons in Mg-23 and P-32. 4. REPRESENT the nuclei of the product by DRAWING circles to represent protons and neutrons and COLOR-CODING according to your key above. Assume for this example that ALL of Mg-23 and ALL of P-32 fuse to make a single isotope. 5. LABEL the number of protons and neutrons in the product isotope. 6. DRAW and LABEL an icon for energy in your model to demonstrate whether energy is absorbed or released.
7. PROVIDE a caption for your model that EXPLAINS “how” your model demonstrates fusion – be specific.
8. WRITE and BALANCE a nuclear equation for the fusion of Mg-23 and P-32 that you just illustrated. USE isotopic notation to represent Mg-23 USE isotopic notation to represent P-32 USE isotopic notation to represent the final product isotope DRAW your energy icon where it belongs in this nuclear equation (see example of isotopic notation for Cu-63 below)
9. ANSWER the following questions: EXPLAIN “why” high temperatures and pressures are required for fusion SHOW how your nuclear equation demonstrates conservation of nucleons and charge

PART 4: Comparing Radioactive Decay, Fission, and Fusion

1. IDENTIFY at least 2 differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion in terms of any of the following: (a) mechanism, (b) product outcome, (c) energy emission.
2. IDENTIFY at least 1 similarity between radioactive decay, nuclear fission, and nuclear fusion.
3. CONTRAST nuclear reactions (radioactive decay, fission, and fusion) with chemical reactions by the following 3 criteria: (a) mechanism, (b) product outcome, and (c) energy emission.