Digital Map
Multiple Choice (50 points)
Each question in this section is worth one point. Make sure to take your time and read each question carefully, then pick the best answer among the available options.
Once you make a decision, distinguish the answer you selected by using bold font.
Taking a human readable address and determining the associated longitude and latitude coordinates is known as:
Digital Geocoding
Reverse Geocoding
Forward Geocoding
Sideways Geocoding
2. Which of the following is not a dimension of color?
Hue
Value
Hex Code
Chroma
3. Which is an example of a building block for the raster data model?
Points
Lines
Polygons
Grid of evenly sized cells
4. Which of the following is an example of a reference map?
Choropleth
Dot Density
Atlas
Cartogram
5. Which of the following is an example of secondary data collection?
Photographic Imagery
Crowdsourcing
Field Collection
None of the above
6. The technical term for typefaces with decorative flourish at the end is:
San-Serif
Aserif
Serif
Fancy
7. What is the shape of the Earth?
Ellipsoid
Geoid
Spheroid
None of the above
8. Which of the following is not a common type of database?
Object-Oriented
Flat File
Lattice
Object-Relational
9. Options to communicate map scale include:
Ratio scales
Verbal Scales
Graphical Scales
All of the above
10. Which file format is most commonly associated with Desktop GIS?
GeoJSON
SVG
Shapefile
All of the above
11. When making maps, make sure to avoid using color palettes including which pair of hues below so the map remains accessible to readers?
Blue-Green
Orange-Yellow
Green-Red
None of the above
12. The technical term for data about data is:
Relatadata
Explanadata
Datadata
Metadata
13. The most precise representation of latitude and longitude is:
Decimal Minutes
Decimal Degrees
Decimal Points
Degrees-Minutes-Seconds
14. The technological revolution which took web mapping mainstream was:
Google Maps interface
The red marker
The weather widget
Tiles
15. Ancillary benefits of OpenStreetMap include:
Crisis Response
Thematic Mapping for the Social Good
Putting Underserved Places on the Map
All of the above
16. Sources of GPS signal errors include:
Signal Multipath
Receiver Clock Errors
Intentional Degradation of the Satellite Signal
Number of Satellites Visible
All of the above
17. How is a web map different than a digital map?
Accessible on a computer
Accessible on a mobile phone
Created by hand
Accessible via the internet
18. This coordinate system is only used in the United States
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
State Plane Coordinate System
Geographic Coordinate System
Cartesian Coordinate System
19. Methods of projection include
Planar/Azimuthal
Conical
Cylindrical
All of the above
20. Choose the color scheme best suited for non-numerical data:
Sequential
Diverging
Qualitative
None of the above
21. The network of imaginary lines mapmakers use to cover the surface of the reference ellipsoid is known as:
Latitude
Longitude
The Graticule
None of the above
22. The vast majority of web maps utilize which projection?
Robinson
Mercator
Sinusoidal
Lambert Cylindrical Equal Area
23. When working with raw count (non-standardized) data, the best types of thematic maps to use are:
Cartograms
Dot Density
Choropleth
Proportional Representation
All of the above
A, B, and D
24. Why use Geographic Information Systems (GIS)?
GIS Allows mapmaker to work with layers of data simultaneously
GIS facilitates spatial analysis
GIS makes solving simple spatial analysis problems more complex
A and B
All of the above
25. Which typefaces are better to use when designing a map for people to view on digital devices (e.g. screens on phones, monitors)?
San-Serif
Aserif
Serif
All of the above
26. Geographic Coordinate values in the United States for the most part conform to:
Positive Latitude, Negative Longitude
Positive Latitude, Positive Longitude
Negative Latitude, Positive Longitude
Negative Latitude, Negative Longitude
27. Requirements of open data encompass the following categories:
Availability and access
Reuse and Redistribution
Universal Participation
All of the above
28. Which of the following is not a new challenge facing cartographic journalists:
Changing conceptualization of interactivity
Deciding whether or not a map is the best visualization
Creating a finished product which will only be displayed at a single size
Engineering solutions to logistical production hurdles
29. Reasons geocoding is super complicated include, but are not limited to:
Address Structures
Fuzzy Matching
Colloquial Names
Data Licensing
All of the above
30. Thematic maps which visualize more than one variable are known as:
Univariate maps
Multivariate maps
Choropleth Maps
Cartograms
31. What changed in 2012 which catalyzed the rapid growth of OpenStreetMap?
The government removes Selective Availability
Invention of the iPhone
Google announce a new pricing scheme for Google Maps data
Yahoo grants access to formerly proprietary aerial imagery
32. True or False: The raster data model more strongly associates with the discrete object view of the world than the field view of the world.
True
False
33. Which of the following is not a common spatial analysis method:
Clip
Intersect
Layers
Distance Measurement
34. The non-spatial components of geographic data are known as:
Lat-Lon Coordinates
Attributes
Address
All of the above
35. Reasons geocoding is super complicated include, but are not limited to:
Address Structures
Fuzzy Matching
Colloquial Names
Data Licensing
All of the above
36. Which of the following is a disadvantage of proportional & graduated symbol thematic maps?
Symbol Congestion/Overlap
Map readers generally do not estimate the areas of symbols very well
A & B
None of the above
37. Weaknesses of OpenStreetMap include:
No cost to use the data
May include a richer and more socially valuable set of features than commercial maps
Flexible data which can quickly be updated
None of the above
38. GPS satellites use ________ to determine the absolute or relative locations of points.
Bilateration
Trilateration
Quadlateration
Lateration
39. Mental maps typically highlight the following spatial themes:
Spatial relationships
Scale
Location
Sequence
All of the above
40. Unlike traditional maps, artistic maps emphasize _____________ instead of _________________.
Physical topography, Psychological/emotional expression
Function, Form
Psychological/emotional expression, Physical topography
GIS, GeoJSON
41. Which of the following is not a component of a traditional Geographic Information System (GIS)?
People
Data
Chronometer
Software
42. The OpenStreetMap foundation was created to support:
Hosting Servers
Fundraising
Protection from copyright and liability lawsuits
All of the above
43. The shift from analog to digital has changed maps in the following ways:
The way data is collected, procured, and synthesized
The media through which maps are delivered
Decreased importance of an accurate title for a map
A & B
44. This type of thematic map requires an enumeration unit:
Cartogram
Dot Density
Choropleth
Chloropleth
45. SQL is an acronym for __________________.
Search Quick Location
Search Query Latitude
Search Query Longitude
Search Query Language
46. Map projections distort the following spatial attributes:
Angles
Areas
Distances
Gross Shapes
Directions
All of the above
47. Primary inspirations for OpenStreetMap include, but are not limited to:
The emerging popularity of Wikipedia
To support the United Kingdom’s Government geographic data collection efforts
A & B
None of the above
48. Which datum is the default setting for most GPS devices?
North American Datum of 1927
North American Datum of 1983
World Geodetic System of 1984
None of the above
49. One dimensional geographic objects are typically represented as:
Points
Lines
Polygons
None of the above
50. True or False: Because maps are created by a reputable source you should automatically trust the contents.
True
False
Short Essay (20 points)
Write a 250-500 word response for each prompt below. If you use sources outside of the lecture slides and class discussions, you must cite those sources in text as well as in full at the end of the essay (APA Citation Style).
Essays should include an introduction with a thesis statement, conclusion, and paragraphs supporting your central argument/contention in between.
Explain the contributions of the public sector (e.g. Government Agencies), education sector (e.g. Public and Private Universities), and private sector (e.g. companies such as ESRI, Google, and Mapbox) toward facilitating a shift from analog to digital map creation. Make sure to address direct impacts (e.g. advances in technology) as well as indirect impacts.
Using specific examples from within the digital mapping realm, describe the difference between open data and proprietary data, making sure to highlight the implications of open data on the field of digital mapping.
Map Creation (30 points)
The objective of this section is to demonstrate an understanding of the cartographic process by creating a digital map from start to finish. You are allowed to use whichever tools or software you prefer to create the map and/or data. A few caveats:
You are not allowed to re-create a map you made earlier in the semester.
You are not allowed to create a story map.
(3) You must change the default style (e.g. basemap, feature color) settings.
(4) You are not allowed to use the integrated datasets within CARTO, if you use CARTO.
If you decide to create a standard digital map, include it as a separate attachment. If you create a webmap, include a link to your map below, immediately before the written response.
The written response should be approximately 500 words in length and address the following:
How did you conceptualize the idea for the map? What was the inspiration?
Explain the decisions you made in regard to data. How did you source the data? Did you process the data before adding it to the map? If so, how and why?
Explain the decisions you made in regard to cartography. For example: the type of map, color choices, feature size, classification scheme, marginal elements, etc.